Character, Circumstances, and Criminal Careers Towards a Dynamic Developmental and Life-Course Criminology

Why do young people engage in acts of crime and what is it that drives their criminal careers? These are the key questions addressed in Character, Circumstances, and Criminal Careers which explores and explains people's criminal careers through adolescence into young adulthood. Guided by Situational Action Theory (SAT)'s Developmental Ecological Action (DEA) model, the work analyses longitudinal data from the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study (PADS+), testing various hypotheses about the causes and drivers of people's crime involvement and criminal careers.

Character, Circumstances, and Criminal Careers makes an argument for a more dynamic Developmental and Life Course criminology (DLC) by theorising and exploring the relationship between individual characteristics and environmental features and their changes across adolescence and into young adulthood. The book considers whether childhood predictors, such as social disadvantage and social adversity, affect different trajectories of crime involvement. It also presents a special analysis of the age-crime curve and its explanation.

The book includes the most recent and updated statement of Situational Action Theory and its DEA model, including comparisons between the basic assumptions and propositions of SAT and selected major criminological theories (social bond and self-control theories, differential association and learning theories, rational choice theory and the theory of moral disengagement).

Character, Circumstances and Criminal Careers presents an original theory, a uniquely detailed contemporary longitudinal study, and novel research methods and analytical techniques, and applies these to derive innovative findings about the relationship between individual and environmental factors across a critical developmental period.

Per-Olof H. Wikstrom, Professor Emeritus, University of Cambridge,Kyle Treiber, Associate Professor in Neurocriminology, University of Cambridge,Gabriela Roman, Affiliated Lecturer, University of Cambridge

Per-Olof H. Wikström (PhD, Docent, Stockholm University) FBA; Professor Emeritus, University of Cambridge; Professor, Malmo University. Wikström's research focuses on the development and empirical testing of an integrative theory of the causes of crime (situational action theory; SAT) and how this can contribute to knowledge-based crime policy and prevention. He has received a number of scientific accolades, including: Northern Scholar at the University of Edinburgh 1992; Sellin-Glueck Award 1994; Fellow at the Centre for Advanced Studies of Behavioural Science, Stanford 2002; Fellow of the American Society of Criminology 2010; Elected to the British Academy 2011; Stockholm Prize in Criminology 2016; Honorary Doctorate UNED 2017.

Kyle Treiber is Associate Professor in Neurocriminology at the University of Cambridge and Co-Director of the Centre for Analytic Criminology (www.cac.crim.cam.ac.uk https://www.cac.crim.cam.ac.uk/) and the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Study (PADS+). She is a member of the Executive Board of the European Society of Criminology as Editor-in-Chief of the European Journal of Criminology (2021-2025). Her research and teaching bring the fields of neuroscience and criminology together to explain criminal behaviour as an outcome of the interplay between individual and social factors in action processes. Her work has helped to align Situational Action Theory (SAT) with contemporary neuroscience and integrated neurocognitive elements into PADS+.

Gabriela D. Roman is Affiliated Lecturer at the University of Cambridge, and an Affiliated Researcher at the Centre for Analytic Criminology. She has held Fellowships at the Babes-Bolyai University (Romania) and the University of Greenwich (England) and was a PADS+ Postdoctoral Research Associate with a specialization in structural equation and growth mixture modelling. Her main research focus is on arousal-modulated cognitions in adverse environments, and the roles of self-image and self-regulation as precursors of antisocial behaviours and mental ill health.

Part 1: Explaining Crime Events and Criminal Careers: Situational Action Theory and It's Developmental Ecological Action Model1. Towards A Dynamic Developmental and Life-Course Criminology2. Explaining Crime Events and Criminal Careers: Situational Action Theory (SAT) And Its Developmental Ecological Action (DEA) ModelPart 2: Introducing PADS+: Research Design and Key Findings About Participants' Crime and Criminal Careers3. The Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Developmental Study (PADS+): An Overview4. Crime and Criminal Careers5. Trajectories Of CrimePart 3: The DEA Model: Testing the causes and drivers of criminal careers6. Character and Crime Propensity7. Criminogenic Circumstances and Exposure8. The Age and Crime Distribution and its Explanation9. Crime Propensity and Criminogenic Exposure: The Drivers of Crime TrajectoriesPart 4: The DEA Model: Exploring the role of social contexts10. Does Childhood Social Disadvantage and Social Adversity Set People on Particular Pathways in Crime?11. Do Changing Connections to Key Social Institutions Influence Crime Propensities, Criminogenic Exposure, and Crime Involvement Through Adolescence and Into Early Adulthood?12. CodaTechnical Appendix