Chemical Principles in the Laboratory

Succeed in chemistry with CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES IN THE LABORATORY! Clear, user-friendly, and direct, this lab manual provides you with the tools you need to successfully complete lab experiments and lab reports. Analyzing the data you observe in the lab sessions is easy with the Advance Study Assignments, found throughout the manual, that give you extra practice with processing data through sample questions.

The Densities of Liquids and Solids

1

(6)

Resolution of Matter into Pure Substances, I. Paper Chromatography

7

(8)

Resolution of Matter into Pure Substances, II. Fractional Crystallization

15

(8)

Determination of a Chemical Formula

23

(6)

Identification of a Compound by Mass Relationships

29

(6)

Properties of Hydrates

35

(6)

Analysis of an Unknown Chloride

41

(6)

Determination of the Barometric Pressure--Finding the Absolute Zero of Temperature

47

(10)

Molar Mass of a Volatile Liquid

57

(6)

Analysis of an Aluminum-Zinc Alloy

63

(8)

The Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen

71

(10)

The Alkaline Earths and the Halogens--Two Families in the Periodic Table

81

(8)

The Geometrical Structure of Molecules--An Experiment Using Molecular Models

89

(10)

Heat Effects and Calorimetry

99

(8)

Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization of Liquids

107

(10)

The Structure of Crystals--An Experiment Using Models

117

(12)

Classification of Chemical Substances

129

(8)

Some Nonmetals and Their Compounds--Preparations and Properties

137

(8)

Molar Mass Determination by Depression of the Freezing Point

145

(10)

Rates of Chemical Reactions, I. The Iodination of Acetone

155

(10)

Rates of Chemical Reactions, II. A Clock Reaction

165

(10)

Properties of Systems in Chemical Equilibrium--Le Chatelier's Principle

175

(12)

Determination of the Equilibrium Constant for a Chemical Reaction

187

(10)

The Standardization of a Basic Solution and the Determination of the Molar Mass of an Acid

197

(8)

pH Measurements--Buffers and Their Properties

205

(10)

Determination of the Solubility Product of PbI2

215

(6)

Relative Stabilities of Complex Ions and Precipitates Prepared From Solutions of Copper(II)

221

(8)

Determination of the Hardness of Water

229

(6)

Synthesis and an Analysis of a Coordination Compound

235

(12)

Determination of Iron by Reaction with Permanganate--A Redox Titration

247

(6)

Determination of an Equivalent Mass by Electrolysis

253

(8)

Voltaic Cell Measurements

261

(10)

Preparation of Copper(I) Chloride

271

(6)

Development of a Scheme for Qualitative Analysis

277

(6)

Spot Tests for Some Common Anions

283

(8)

Qualitative Analysis of Group I Cations

291

(8)

Qualitative Analysis of Group II Cations

299

(8)

Qualitative Analysis of Group III Cations

307

(8)

Identification of a Pure Ionic Solid

315

(8)

The Ten Test Tube Mystery

323

(8)

Preparation of Aspirin

331

(8)

Rate Studies on the Decomposition of Aspirin

339

(8)

Analysis for Vitamin C

347

(6)

Appendix I Vapor Pressure of Water

353

(2)

Appendix II Summary of Solubility Properties of Ions and Solids

355

(2)

Appendix IIA Some Properties of the Cations in Groups I, II, and III

357

(4)

Appendix III Table of Atomic Masses (Based on Carbon-12)

361

(2)

Appendix IV Making Measurements--Laboratory Techniques

363

(12)

Appendix V Mathematical Considerations--Making Graphs

375

(6)

Appendix VI Suggested Locker Equipment

381

(2)

Appendix VII Suggestions for Extension of the Experiments to ``Real World Problems''

383

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Chemical Principles in the Laboratory

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials