Children With Disabilities

, by Batshaw, Mark L.

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ISBN: 9781557665812 | 1557665818
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/1/2002

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Summary

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"It is rare to find a book as comprehensive and yet as easy to read as [Children with Disabilities]."

List of Tables and Figures

xiii

About the Editor

xix

Contributors

xxi

A Personal Note to the Reader

xxvii

Preface

xxix

Acknowledgments

xxxiii

Letters from Andrew Batshaw

xxxiv

I As Life Begins

Chromosomes and Heredity: A Toss of the Dice

(24)

Mark L. Batshaw

Genetic Disorders

Chromosomes

Cell Division and Its Disorders

Genes and Their Disorders

Revising Mendelian Genetics

Multifactorial Inheritance

Birth Defects, Prenatal Diagnosis, and Fetal Therapy

(16)

Rhonda L. Schonberg

Cynthia J. Tifft

Genetic Assessment

Screening Evaluations During Pregnancy

Invasive Diagnostic Testing

Prevention, Fetal Therapy, and Alternative Reproductive Choices

Psychosocial Implications

Growth Before Birth

(12)

James B. Hill

William H.J. Haffner

Fertilization

Embryonic and Fetal Development

Maternal Nutrition

Malformations

Having a Baby: The Birth Process

(14)

Shad H. Deering

Andrew J. Satin

Dating a Pregnancy

Deciding When to Deliver the Baby

Perinatal Mortality

Labor

Monitoring Labor

Delivery

Cesarean Section

Abnormal Labor or Dystocia

Pregnancy Complications

Birth Injuries and Defects

The First Weeks of Life

(16)

Laura Placke Ward

Susan K. McCune

Changes in Cardiopulmonary Function at Birth

The Apgar Score

Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality

Premature and Small-for-Dates Infants

(22)

K. Rais-Bahrami

Billie Lou Short

Mark L. Batshaw

Definitions of Prematurity and Low Birth Weight

Incidence of Preterm Births

Causes of Premature Birth

Complications of Prematurity

Medical and Developmental Care of Low Birth Weight Infants

Survival of Low Birth Weight Infants

Care After Discharge from the Hospital

Early Intervention Programs

Neurodevelopmental Outcome

II The Developing Child

Substance Abuse: A Preventable Threat to Development

107

(16)

Martha J. Wunsch

Charles J. Conlon

Peter C. Scheidt

Chemical Dependency: A Disease

The Family and Substance Abuse

Effects of Psychoactive Substances on the Fetus

Prevention of and Intervention in Substance Abuse During Pregnancy

Intervention Strategies for Infants and Children of Substance-Abusing Mothers

Outcome

HIV Infection in Children

123

(18)

Hans M.L. Spiegel

Andrew M. Bonwit

Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Pediatric HIV Infection

Biology of Pediatric HIV Infection

Clinical Manifestations of Pediatric HIV Infection

Interdisciplinary Care

HIV Services in Resource-Poor Countries

Outcome

Nutrition and Children with Disabilities

141

(24)

Leila T. Beker

Abigail F. Farber

Colleen Comonitski Yanni

Typical Growth During Childhood

The Basics of Nutrition

Nutrients and Their Deficiencies

Nontraditional Diets

Nutritional Disorders

Developmental Disabilities with Nutritional Issues

Nutritional Assessment

Interventions for Nutritional Problems

Nutrition and a Child's Individual Care Plan

Vision: Our Window to the World

165

(28)

Marijean M. Miller

Sheryl J. Menacker

Mark L. Batshaw

Structure of the Eye

Ocular Development

Development of Visual Skills

Function and Diseases of the Eye

Refractive Errors in Children

Vision Tests

Blindness

Hearing: Sounds and Silences

193

(36)

Gilbert R. Herer

Carol A. Knightly

Annie G. Steinberg

Defining Sound

The Hearing System

Embryologic Development of the Hearing Apparatus

Defining Hearing Loss

Identification of Hearing Loss

Treatment of Middle-Ear Disease

Intervention for Hearing Loss

Outcome

Communication: Speech and Language

229

(14)

Sheela Stuart

Components of Communication

Typical Development of Speech and Language

Communication Disorders

Treatment for Communication Disorders

Augmentative and Alternative Communication

The Brain and Nervous System: Normal and Abnormal Development

243

(20)

Robert F. Keating

Caple A. Spence

David Lynch

Development of the Central Nervous System

Development of the Cortical Neuron

The Mature Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

The Peripheral Nervous System

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Hydrodynamic Balance

Imaging the Brain

Muscles, Bones, and Nerves: The Body's Framework

263

(24)

Arabella I. Leet

John P. Dormans

Laura L. Tosi

The Musculoskeletal System

Common Diseases of Bones, Muscles, and Joints

The Neuromuscular System

III Developmental Disabilities

Mental Retardation

287

(20)

Mark L. Batshaw

Bruce Shapiro

Early Development

Developmental Delay

Early Identification

Mental Retardation

Outcome

Down Syndrome

307

(14)

Nancy J. Roizen

Chromosomal Abnormalities

Prevalence

Cause

Early Identification

Medical Complications in Down Syndrome

Neurodevelopmental and Behavior Impairments

Evaluation and Treatment

Early Intervention

Outcome

Fragile X Syndrome

321

(12)

Gretchen A. Meyer

Mark L. Batshaw

Prevalence

The Genetics of Fragile X Syndrome

Clinical Findings in Affected Males

Clinical Findings in Affected Females

Origins of Abnormalities

Diagnosing Fragile X Syndrome

Intervention Strategies

Outcome

PKU and Other Inborn Errors of Metabolism

333

(14)

Mark L. Batshaw

Mendel Tuchman

Types of Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Clinical Manifestations

Mechanism of Brain Damage

Associated Disabilities

Diagnostic Testing

Newborn Screening

Therapeutic Approaches

Outcome

Dual Diagnosis: Mental Retardation and Psychiatric Disorders

347

(18)

Mark Reber

The Concept of Dual Diagnosis

A Historical Perspective

Prevalence and Causes of Psychiatric Disorders in Mental Retardation

Psychiatric Diagnoses

Associated Medical Problems

Evaluation

Intervention

Pervasive Developmental Disorders

365

(24)

Kenneth E. Towbin

Joyce E. Mauk

Mark L. Batshaw

Central Characteristics of Pervasive Developmental Disorders

The Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Prevalence

Cause

Early Identification of Autistic Disorder

Distinguishing Pervasive Developmental Disorders from Other Disabilities

Evaluation of the Child with a Pervasive Developmental Disorder

Associated Conditions in Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Treatment Approaches

Living with a Child with a Pervasive Developmental Disorder

Outcome

Attention Deficits and Hyperactivity

389

(28)

Mark A. Stein

Lisa A. Efron

Wendy B. Schiff

Marianne Glanzman

A History of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Diagnosis and ADHD Subtypes

Prevalence and Epidemiology

Causes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Clinical Course

Associated Impairments

Other Associated Conditions

Evaluation

Treatment

Outcome

Specific Learning Disabilities

417

(26)

Bruce Shapiro

Robin P. Church

M.E.B. Lewis

Defining Specific Learning Disabilities

Prevalence

Subtypes of Specific Learning Disabilities

Specific Reading Disability

Impairments Associated with Specific Learning Disabilities

Health Problems Simulating Specific Learning Disabilities

Assessment Procedures

Intervention Strategies

Other Intervention Issues

Early Identification of Learning Disabilities

Outcome

Cerebral Palsy

443

(24)

Louis Pellegrino

Causes of Cerebral Palsy

Types of Cerebral Palsy

Early Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy

Associated Impairments in Cerebral Palsy

Habilitation

Preventing Impairment: Managing the Musculoskeletal Complications of Cerebral Palsy

Preventing Disability: Promoting Optimal Function

Outcome

Neural Tube Defects

467

(26)

Gregory S. Liptak

Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects

The Origin of Neural Tube Defects

Prevention of Neural Tube Defects Using Folic Acid Supplementation

Prenatal Diagnosis

Treatment of a Meningomyelocele in the Newborn Period

Primary Neurological Impairments in Children with Meningomyelocele

Associated Impairments and Medical Complications

Educational Programs

Psychosocial Issues for the Child

Interdisciplinary Management

Outcome

Epilepsy

493

(32)

Steven Weinstein

What Is Epilepsy and What Is a Seizure?

Classification of Seizures and Epilepsy Syndromes

Diagnosing Seizure Disorders

Intervention During a Seizure

Antiepileptic Drugs

Other Antiepileptic Therapies

Multidisciplinary Intervention

Outcome

Traumatic Brain Injury

525

(24)

Linda J. Michaud

Jennifer Semel-Concepcion

Ann-Christine Duhaime

Mary F. Lazar

Incidence of Head Injuries

Causes of Traumatic Brain Injury

Types of Brain Injuries

Inflicted Head Injury

Detecting Significant Brain Injury

Severity of Brain Injury

Treatment Approaches

Outcome

Prevention

IV Interventions, Families, and Outcomes

Feeding

549

(18)

Peggy S. Eicher

The Feeding Process

Feeding and the Influence of Medical Conditions

Feeding and the Influence of Tone, Posture, and Development

Feeding Problems in Children with Disabilities

Evaluation

Managing Feeding Problems

Dental Care: Promoting Health and Preventing Disease

567

(12)

George Acs

Man Wai Ng

Mark L. Helpin

Howard M. Rosenberg

Formation and Emergence of Teeth

Problems Affecting the Development of Teeth

Oral Diseases

Malocclusion

Dental Trauma

Prevention of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease

Providing Dental and Orthodontic Treatment

Dental Care for Children with Developmental Disabilities

Early Intervention

579

(10)

Charles J. Conlon

Legislation and Philosophy of Early Intervention

Identification and Referral

Assessment for Early Intervention Services

Developing an Individualized Family Service Plan

Service Coordination

Provided Services

Transition from Early Intervention to Preschool Services

Efficacy of Early Intervention

Special Education Services

589

(18)

Elissa Batshaw Clair

Robin P. Church

Mark L. Batshaw

History of Special Education Services

Defining Disability from an Educational Perspective

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act

Assessment and Evaluation

Reevaluation

The Individualized Education Program

Disciplining Students Receiving Special Education Services

Provision of Special Education Services to Private Schools

Federal Funding

Approaches for Providing Services

Inclusion Practices

Accommodations and Modifications to the General Curriculum

Role of the Special Education Teacher in the General Classroom

Related Services

Promoting Adaptive Behavior While Addressing Challenging Behavior

607

(22)

John M. Parrish

Origin of Behavior

Fundamental Principles and Procedures of Applied Behavior Analysis

Selected Instructional Procedures

Behavioral Diagnosis and Treatment

Positive Behavioral Support

Technological Assistance: Innovations for Independence

629

(18)

Susan E. Levy

Maureen O'Rourke

Definition and Incidence of Medical Technology Assistance

Medical Technology Assistance and Disorders that Require Its Use

Effects of Medical Technology Assistance on the Child and Family

Funding Medical Technology Assistance

Preparing for Home Care

Outcome

Rehabilitation: Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy

647

(12)

Lisa A. Kurtz

Physical and Occupational Therapy Approaches to Intervention

Guidelines for Referral

Assessment and Planning for Intervention

Therapy in Early Intervention Programs

Therapy in the School

Selected Interventions

Outcomes Measurement

Exercise, Sports, and Recreation

659

(10)

Terry Adirim

Kenneth M. Fine

Physical Activity in Children with Disabilities

Inclusion of the Child with Disabilities in Exercise and Sports Programs in Schools

Community Sports Programs

The Pre-Participation Examination

Sport Injuries in the Athlete with Disabilities

Ethical Dilemmas: Evaluation and Decision Making

669

(14)

Tomas Jose Silber

Mark L. Batshaw

The Vocabulary of Ethics

Ethics and the Law

Pediatric Clinical Ethics

Issues of Clinical Ethics Relating to Children with Disabilities

Ethics Consultation and Ethics Committees

Social Justice

Providing Family-Centered Services

683

(10)

Paula J. Beckman

Ecological Influences on Families

The Family Life Cycle

Implications for Service Providers: Family-Centered Services

Future Expectations: Transition from Adolescence to Adulthood

693

(14)

Patience H. White

Vincent Schuyler

Andrea Edelman

Adadot Hayes

Mark L. Batshaw

General Principles of Transition

Moving Toward Independence

Developing Social Competence

Moving Toward Postsecondary Education

Entering the Work Force

Community Living

Adult Health Care Services

Participation in Sports, Leisure, and Community Activities

Issues of Sexuality

Developing a Life Plan

Health Care Delivery Systems and Financing Issues

707

(18)

Angelo P. Giardino

Alan E. Kohrt

Lowell Arye

Nora Wells

Children with Special Health Care Needs

Problems in Arranging Coordination of Care

The Concept of a Medical Home

The Health Care Environment and Financing

Looking Toward the Future

Appendix A Glossary

725

(24)

Mark L. Batshaw

Appendix B Syndromes and Inborn Errors of Metabolism

749

(26)

Cheryl Scacheri

Appendix C Commonly Used Medications

775

(20)

Karl F. Gumpper

Appendix D Resources for Children with Disabilities

795

(22)

Margaret Rose

Index

817

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Children With Disabilities

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials