Chou Wen-Chung The Life and Work of a

A comprehensive account of the life of composer Chou Wen-Chung, including biographical information, cultural and musical analysis of his approach and compositions, and ethnomusicological insights.

Peter M. Chang is associate professor of music at Northeastern Illinois University.

List of Illustrations

xi

Chapter 1 Prologue

1

(10)

Chou Wen-Chung's Position in Contemporary American Music

1

(2)

Elements in Chou's Compositional Style

3

(2)

External Factors Contributing to Chou's Success in the West

5

(6)

Chapter 2 A Biographic Sketch of Chou Wen-Chung

11

(38)

The Chou Family (1890's-1927)

11

(5)

Domestic Turmoil and Travel (1927-1937)

16

(4)

Escalation of the War and Journey to the Southwest (1941-1945)

20

(2)

Boston and the Road to Music (1946-1954)

22

(2)

New York and Varese (1949-1954)

24

(5)

Relearning and Interpreting One's Own Tradition (1954-1959)

29

(4)

Compositional Maturity and Recognitions (1960's)

33

(5)

An Active Promoter of Cultural Exchange (1970's–present)

38

(11)

Chapter 3 Chou's Works of the 1940's and 1950's

49

(38)

Landscapes (1949)

50

(5)

All in the Spring Wind (1952-1953)

55

(3)

And the Fallen Petals (1954)

58

(7)

In the Mode of Shang (1956)

65

(2)

Two Miniatures from T' ang Dynasty (1957)

67

(1)

Soliloquy of a Bhiksuni (1958)

68

(2)

Willows Are New (1957) and To a Wayfarer (1958)

70

(9)

Chou's Vocal Works

79

(8)

Chapter 4 Chou's Works of the 1960's

87

(30)

Metaphors (1960-1961)

89

(5)

Cursive (1963)

94

(4)

The Dark and the Light (1964)

98

(2)

Riding the Wind (1964)

100

(1)

Yu ko (1965)

100

(5)

Pien (1966)

105

(4)

Yun (1969)

109

(8)

Chapter 5 Chou's Works of the 1980's and 1990's

117

(40)

Beijing in the Mist (1986)

118

(2)

Echoes from the Gorge (1989)

120

(8)

Windswept Peaks (1989-1990)

128

(13)

Concerto for Violoncello and Orchestra (1990)

141

(10)

String Quartet Clouds (1996)

151

(6)

Chapter 6 The Reception of Chou's Works

157

(22)

The Stokowski-Varese Circle and the Promotion of Chou's Early Works

159

(1)

Background of Western Interest in Chinese Arts

160

(1)

The U.S. Listening Public

161

(1)

Background of the Chinese Audience

161

(2)

Reception of Chou's Works in Taiwan

163

(2)

Reception of Chou's Works in Hong Kong

165

(1)

Reception of Chou's Works in Chinese Communities in the United States

165

(1)

Reception of Landscapes in the United States

166

(1)

Performances of And the Fallen Petals in the United States, Europe, and Japan

167

(1)

Western Reviews of And the Fallen Petals

168

(2)

Comparing Western and Chinese Views of And the Fallen Petals

170

(9)

Chapter 7 Background of Chinese Approaches To Musical Synthesis

179

(16)

Western Techniques as Backbone for Musical Synthesis

180

(4)

Chinese Materials as Backbone for Synthesis

184

(3)

A New Approach to Synthesis During the Cultural Revolution 1966-1976

187

(1)

Chou's Impact on Contemporary Chinese Music of the Post-Mao Era

188

(2)

Chou's Individualistic Approach to Musical Synthesis

190

(5)

Chapter 8 Epilogue

195

(14)

Wenren: The Essence of a Tradition

195

(1)

Interpreting Chou's Approach to Musical Fusion

196

(13)

Appendix A: List of Chou Wen-Chung's Works

209

(6)

Appendix B: Discography of Chou Wen-Chung's Works

215

(4)

Appendix C: Performance Chronology of And the Fallen Petals

219

(2)

Bibliography

221

(14)

Index

235

(6)

About the Author

241

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Chou Wen-Chung The Life and Work of a Contemporary Chinese-Born American Composer

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials