Classical Mythology in English Literature: A Critical Anthology

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ISBN: 9780415147552 | 0415147557
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Copyright: 7/26/1999

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Classical Mythology in English Literaturebrings together a range of English versions of three classical myths, allowing readers for the first time to explore the ways in which they have been reinterpreted and reinvented by writers throughout history. Beginning with a concise introduction to the principal Greco-Roman gods and heroes, the anthology then focuses on three stories: Orpheus, the great musician and his quest to free his wife Eurydice from death; Venus and Adonis, the love goddess and the beautiful youth she loved; and Pygmalion, the master sculptor who fell in love with his creation. Each section begins with the classical sources and ends with contemporary versions, showing how each myth has been used/abused or appropriated since its origins.

Preface

xii

PART 1

The myth-kitty

(17)

The ancient sources of the myths

(4)

The myths in English literature

(11)

A rough guide to the gods

(15)

The Olympian gods

(8)

The gods of the underworld

(2)

Other gods

(4)

A mythical history of the world in one chapter

(26)

Myths of origin

(2)

Gods and mortals

(4)

The age of heroes

(11)

The Trojan War and after

(8)

PART 2

Orpheus

(135)

Introduction

(130)

The ancient Orpheus

(3)

The medieval Orpheus: allegory and romance

(1)

Orphic harmony in the Renaissance

(2)

Orpheus in the eighteenth century: translations and travesties

(1)

Romantics and Victorians: from Orphic song to the melancholy lyre

(2)

The twentieth century: Eurydice sings her own song and Orpheus remembers himself

(5)

Apollonius of Rhodes, from Argonautica, c.250 BC

(1)

Virgil, from the Georgics, c. 29 BC

(4)

Horace, from The Art of Poetry, c. 10 BC

(1)

Ovid, form the Metamorphoses, c. AD 10

(7)

Boethius, from The Consolation of Philosophy, c. AD 520

(2)

Medieval mythographers

(1)

Pierre Bersuire, c. 1330

(1)

Thomas of Walsingham, c. 1405

(1)

from Sir Orfeo, c. 1330

(5)

Robert Henryson from Orpheus and Eurydice, later fifteenth century

(5)

Edmund Spenser on Orpheus

101

(1)

from The Shepherd's Calendar, 1579

101

(2)

from The Faerie Queene, 1596

103

(1)

George Puttenham, from The Art of English Poesy, 1589

104

(1)

Philip Sidney, from Astrophil and Stella, 1591

105

(1)

George Chapman, from Ovid's Banquet of Sense, 1595

106

(1)

William Shakespeare

107

(1)

from The Two Gentlemen of Verona, c. 1589

107

(1)

from The Merchant of Venice, c. 1596

107

(2)

from Henry VIII or All Is True, 1613

109

(1)

Francis Bacon, from The Wisdom of the Ancients, 1609

109

(2)

Giles Fletcher, from Christ's Victory and Triumph, 1610

111

(2)

William Strode, Song: `When Orpheus Sweetly Did Complain', 1620s?

113

(1)

George Sandys, from Ovid's Metamorphoses Englished, 1632

114

(2)

Thomas Carew, from `An Elegy upon the Death of ... Dr John Donne', 1633

116

(2)

Alexander Ross, from Mystagogus Poeticus, 1647

118

(1)

John Milton on Orpheus

118

(1)

from `L'Allegro', c. 1631

119

(1)

from `Il Penseroso', c. 1631

120

(1)

from Lycidas, 1637

120

(1)

from Paradise Lost, 1667

121

(2)

John Dryden, `On the Death of Mr Purcell', 1696

123

(1)

Alexander Pope, `Ode for Music on St Cecilia's Day', 1713

124

(4)

Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea, `To Mr Pope', c. 1714

128

(2)

R.M., `A Song', 1724

130

(1)

John Gay, from Fables: `The Monkey Who Had seen the World', 1727

131

(2)

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, `Impromptu, to a Young Lady Singing', 1736?

133

(1)

Henry Fielding, from Eurydice, 1737

134

(2)

William Collins (?), from `On the Use and Abuse of Poetry', c. 1750

136

(1)

Anna Seward, from `Elegy on Captain Cook', 1780

137

(1)

William Wordsworth, from The Prelude, 1805

138

(1)

Lord Byron, from `Hints from Horace', 1811

139

(1)

Thomas Love Peacock, from `The Four Ages of Poetry', 1820

140

(1)

Percy Bysshe Shelley, from `Orpheus', c. 1820

141

(3)

Robert B. Brough, from Orpheus and Eurydice, 1852

144

(3)

Robert Browing, `Eurydice to Orpheus', 1864

147

(1)

Richard Watson Dixon, `Orpheus', 1864

148

(5)

Edward Dowden, from `Eurydice', 1876

153

(4)

Lord De Tabley, from `Orpheus in Hades', 1893

157

(2)

H.D.,`Eurydice', 1917

159

(4)

W.H. Auden, `Orpheus', 1937

163

(1)

Sydney Goodsir Smith, from `Orpheus', 1948

163

(2)

Mary Renault, from The King Must Die, 1958

165

(2)

Muriel Rukeyser

167

(1)

from `Orpheus', 1962

167

(1)

`The Poem as Mask: Orpheus', 1968

168

(1)

Rolfe Humphries, `Fragment of a Legend', 1965

169

(2)

Michael Hamburger, `Orpheus Street, SE5', 1967

171

(2)

Russell Hoban, from Kleinzeit, 1974

173

(3)

Lauris Edmond, `Orpheus without Music', 1975

176

(1)

Elaine Feinstein, `The Feast of Eurydice', 1980

177

(6)

Margaret Atwood, three poems, 1984

183

(1)

`Orpheus (1)'

183

(1)

`Eurydice'

184

(1)

`Orpheus (2)'

185

(1)

Sandra M. Gilbert, `Bas Relief: Bacchante', 1984

186

(1)

John Heath-Stubbs, `The Story of Orph', 1985

187

(3)

A.D. Hope, `Orpheus', 1991

190

(1)

Other Versions of Orpheus

191

(5)

Venus and Adonis

196

(136)

Introduction

196

(15)

The ancient Adonis

196

(4)

Spenser, Milton, and Renaissance allegory

200

(1)

Shakespeare and the Ovidian tradition

201

(2)

`Soft Adonis': the eighteenth century

203

(1)

Romantic revival: Shelley and the pastoral elegy

204

(2)

`The grief of gods': Victorian and Edwardian Adonises

206

(1)

Frazer and the dying god in the twentieth century

207

(4)

Texts

Theocritus, Idyll 15: The Festival of Adonis, third century BC

211

(6)

Bion, `Lament for Adonis', c. 100 BC

217

(4)

Moschus, from `Lament for Bion', c. 100 BC

221

(4)

Ovid, from the Metamorphoses, c. AD 10

225

(5)

Apollodrus, from The Library of Greek Mythology, first or second century AD

230

(1)

Edmund Spenser, from The Faerie Queene, 1590

231

(1)

from Book 3, canto 1: Malecasta's Tapestry

231

(1)

from Book 3, canto 6: The Gardens of Adonis

232

(9)

William Shakespeare, from Venus and Adonis, 1593

241

(21)

Richard Barnfield, Sonnet 17 from Cynthia, 1595

262

(1)

Bartholomew Griffin, Sonnet 3 from Fidessa, 1596

263

(1)

Thomas Heywood, from The Fair Maid of the Exchange, 1607

264

(2)

William Browne, song, from Britannia's Pastorals, 1616

266

(1)

George Sandys, from Ovid's Metamorphoses Englished, 1632

267

(1)

Alexander Ross, from Mystagogus Poeticus, 1647

268

(1)

John Milton on Adonis

269

(1)

from Comus, 1637

269

(1)

from Paradise Lost, 1667

270

(1)

John Oldham, from `Bion: A Pastoral', 1680

271

(1)

Thomas Andrews, from `On the Death of Mr John Oldham', 1684

272

(1)

Richard Savage, `Valentine's Day', c. 1740

273

(5)

Samuel Derrick, `Venus and Adonis: A Cantata', 1755

278

(2)

Erasmus Darwin, from The Botanic Garden, 1791

280

(2)

John Keats, from Endymion, 1818

282

(6)

Percy Bysshe Shelley, Adonais, 1821

288

(17)

Robert Bulwer-Lytton, `Adon', 1855

305

(1)

Lord De Tabley, `A Lament for Adonis', c. 1865

306

(2)

Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, `Adonis', 1892

308

(1)

Sir James George Frazer, from The Golden Bough, 1906

309

(6)

H.D., `Adonis', 1917

315

(1)

T.S. Eliot, from The Waste Land, 1922

316

(3)

Archibald MacLeish, from `The Pot of Earth', 1925

319

(8)

W.B. Yeats, `Her Vision in the Wood', 1926

327

(1)

Kenneth Rexroth, from `Adonis in Winter', 1944

328

(1)

Other Versions of Venus and Adonis

329

(3)

Pygmalion

332

(118)

Introduction

332

(14)

From Ovid to Caxton

332

(2)

Dotage and idolatry: Pygmalion in the Renaissance

334

(3)

Eighteenth-century interlude

337

(1)

The Romantic artist: Pygmalion/Frankenstein

338

(3)

Loving a statue: the sexual fable

341

(2)

Pygmalion the educator: the Shavian tradition

343

(3)

Texts

Ovid, from Metamorphoses, c. AD 10

346

(2)

Clement of Alexandria, from Exhortation to the Greeks, C. AD 200

348

(1)

Arnobius of Sicca, from Against the Pagans, c. AD 300

349

(1)

John Gower, from Confessio Amantis, c. 1390

350

(2)

William Caxton, from Six Books of Metamorphoseos, c. 1480

352

(1)

George Pettie, from `Pygmalion's Friend and his Image', 1576

353

(5)

John Marston, `The Metamorphosis of Pygmalion's Image', 1598

358

(8)

William Shakespeare, from The Winter's Tale, c. 1610

366

(5)

Richard Brathwait, from `The Fifth Satire: On Dotage', 1621

371

(2)

Edmund Waller, `On the Discovery of a Lady's Painting', 1630s?

373

(1)

Tobias Smollett, from The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, 1751

374

(4)

Thomas Tickell', `On a Lady's Picture', early eighteenth century

378

(1)

Soame Jenyns, `The Choice', mid-eighteenth century

379

(2)

Hannah Cowley, from The Town Before You, 1795

381

(4)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau and William Mason `Pygmalion', 1762/1811

385

(5)

Mary Shelley, from Frankenstein, 1818

390

(1)

Thomas Lovell Beddoes, `Pygmalion, or The Cyprian Statuary', 1825

391

(7)

Nathaniel Hawthorne, `Drowne's Wooden Image', 1846

398

(10)

Elizabeth Barrett Browning, from Aurora Leigh, 1856

408

(1)

Robert Buchanan, from `Pygmalion the Sculptor', 1864

409

(4)

William Morris, from `Pygmalion and the Image', 1868

413

(4)

W. S. Gilbert, from Pygmalion and Galatea, 1871

417

(7)

Elizabeth Staurt Phelps, `Galatea', 1885

424

(1)

Bernard Shaw, from Pygmalion, 1912

425

(12)

H.D. `Pygmalion', 1917

437

(2)

Robert Graves

439

(1)

`Pygmalion to Galatea', 1925

439

(1)

`Galatea and Pygmalion', 1938

440

(1)

C. Day Lewis, `The Perverse', 1928

441

(1)

Angela Carter, from `The Loves of Lady Purple', 1974

441

(5)

Michael Longley, `Ivory and Water', 1994

446

(1)

Other Versions of Pygmalion

447

(3)

Bibliography

450

(3)

Index of mythological names

453

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Classical Mythology in English Literature: A Critical Anthology

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Classical Mythology in English Literature: A Critical Anthology

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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