Clinical Handbook for Biotherapy

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ISBN: 9780763706494 | 0763706493
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 5/26/1999

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This portable clinical handbook provides quick access to all major biologic agents and their respective nursing management. Individual chapters on all major categories follow a consistent, clinically useful format of: overview of biology, mechanism of action, regulatory approvals, clinical tips, side effects, administration/dosing, and bibliography.

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xi
Biotherapy: An Overview	p. 1
What Is Biotherapy?	p. 3
How Is Biotherapy Different Than Chemotherapy?	p. 3
What Is the Rationale for the Use of Biotherapy in Treating Cancer?	p. 4
How Are Biological Agents Classified?	p. 5
How Are Biological Agents Produced?	p. 6
How Are Biological Agents Developed?	p. 9
What Are the Major Biological Agents in Clinical Use?	p. 11
Summary	p. 17
References	p. 18
Resources	p. 20
The Immune System	p. 21
What Is the Immune System?	p. 21
Are There Different Types of Immunity?	p. 21
What Are Antigens?	p. 25
How Do Cells of the Immune System Communicate?	p. 25
What Is the Major Histocompatibility Complex?	p. 28
Which Tissues and Cells Are Part of the Immune System?	p. 28
How Does the Specific Immune Response Work?	p. 34
How Does the Immune System Protect Against Cancer?	p. 38
Autoimmune Diseases	p. 42
Summary	p. 43
References	p. 45
The Interferons	p. 47
What Are the Interferons?	p. 47
How Does Interferon Work?	p. 48
How Is Interferon Made?	p. 50
Which Diseases Are Treated with Interferon?	p. 51
Clinical Experience: Interferon-[alpha]	p. 51
Clinical Experience: Interferon-[beta]	p. 58
Clinical Experience: Interferon-[gamma]	p. 58
Regulatory Approvals	p. 59
What Are the Side Effects of Interferons?	p. 60
Quick Summary: Roferon-A	p. 62
Quick Summary: Intron A	p. 66
Quick Summary: Infergen	p. 73
Quick Summary: Alferon N	p. 76
Quick Summary: Avonex	p. 79
Quick Summary: Betaseron	p. 83
Quick Summary: Actimmune	p. 87
Clinical Pearls	p. 90
References	p. 92
The Interleukins	p. 95
What Are The Interleukins?	p. 95
How Do The Interleukins Work?	p. 98
What Is Interleukin-2?	p. 99
Interleukin-1	p. 106
Interleukin-4	p. 111
Interleukin-6	p. 113
Interleukin-10	p. 115
Interleukin-12	p. 119
Quick Summary: Proleukin	p. 122
Clinical Pearls	p. 128
References	p. 132
Hematopoietic Growth Factors	p. 135
What Are the Hematopoietic Growth Factors?	p. 135
How Are Hematopoietic Growth Factors Classified?	p. 137
Which Cells Produce Hematopoietic Growth Factors?	p. 141
How Do Hematopoietic Growth Factors Work?	p. 142
Clinical Experience with Hematopoietic Growth Factors	p. 147
Regulatory Approvals	p. 151
What Are the Side Effects of HGFs?
Clinical Issues	p. 153
Investigational Agents	p. 153
Combinations of Hematopoietic Growth Factors	p. 157
Future Directions	p. 158
Quick Summary: Neumega	p. 159
Quick Summary: Neupogen	p. 164
Quick Summary: ProCrit	p. 170
Quick Summary: Epogen	p. 177
Quick Summary: Leukine	p. 181
Clinical Pearls	p. 192
References	p. 194
Monoclonal Antibodies	p. 197
What Are Monoclonal Antibodies?	p. 197
How Do Monoclonal Antobodies Work?	p. 197
How Are Monoclonal Antibodies Made?	p. 199
Clinical Studies	p. 202
Regulatory Approval	p. 208
What Are the Side Effects of MAB Therapy?	p. 208
What Are Obstacles to Treatment with MABs?	p. 212
Are MABs Used in Other Diseases Besides Cancer?	p. 214
Quick Summary: Rituxan	p. 216
Quick Summary: Herception	p. 221
Quick Summary: Zenapax	p. 227
Quick Summary: Orthoclone OKT3	p. 230
Clinical Pearls	p. 235
References	p. 237
Immunomodulators, Differentiation Agents, and Vaccines	p. 239
Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin	p. 239
What Is BCG?	p. 239
How Does BCG Work?	p. 239
Regulatory Approval	p. 240
What Side Effects Are Seen with BCG?	p. 241
Quick Summary: TheraCys	p. 242
Retinoids	p. 247
What Are the Retinoids?	p. 247
How Do the Retinoids Work?	p. 247
Which Diseases Are Treated with the Retinoids?	p. 248
Regulatory Approvals	p. 249
What Side Effects Are Seen with the Retinoids?	p. 249
Quick Summary: Vesanoid	p. 251
Tumor Vaccines: Active Specific Immunotherapy	p. 255
What Types of Vaccines Are Used?	p. 256
What Strategies Are Used to Increase Immunogenicity?	p. 257
How Are Vaccines Used Clinically?	p. 259
How Are Vaccines Administered?	p. 259
What Side Effects Are Seen with Vaccines?	p. 259
How Should Patients Be Managed?	p. 260
References	p. 261
Patient Management	p. 263
How Should Patients Be Assessed?	p. 263
What Are Important Considerations for Administration of Biotherapy?	p. 268
How Should Side Effects Be Managed?	p. 272
Radiation Precautions	p. 287
Sexuality	p. 288
Ambulatory Care	p. 288
What Are Important Considerations in Patient Education?	p. 289
Are Reimbursement Issues Important?	p. 293
Summary	p. 297
References	p. 298
Resources	p. 300
Diseases Treated with Biotherapy	p. 301
AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma	p. 301
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia	p. 306
Hairy Cell Leukemia	p. 316
Malignant Melanoma	p. 321
Multiple Sclerosis	p. 331
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma	p. 338
Renal Cell Carcinoma	p. 345
Viral Hepatitis	p. 352
Plans of Care for Patients Receiving Biological Agents	p. 361
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Biotherapy Patient Teaching Plan	p. 373
Normograms for Determination of Body Surface Area from Height and Weight (Adults)	p. 381
Glossary	p. 383
Index	p. 391
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Clinical Handbook for Biotherapy

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