Coastal Geology

This manual provides an overview of coastal geology and a discussion of data sources and field study methods applicable to coastal geological studies. This manual is intended for use by engineers, geologists, and oceanographers tasked with conducting coastal geological investigations. The purpose of this manual is to provide an overview of coastal geology and a discussion of data sources and study methods applicable to coastal geological field studies. "Coastal geology" is defined as the science of landforms, structures, rocks, and sediments with particular emphasis on the coastal zone. Material in this manual has been adapted from textbooks and technical literature from the fields of geology, geomorphology, geophysics, oceanography, meteorology, and geotechnical engineering. The practicing scientist involved in coastal projects is expected to be able to obtain a general overview of most aspects of coastal geology and to be able to refer to the reference list for additional information on specific topics.

Introduction

Purpose

1

(1)

Applicability

1

(1)

References

1

(1)

Background

1

(1)

Organization of This Manual

2

(1)

Proponent

3

(1)

Acknowledgment

4

Coastal Terminology and Geologic Environments

General

1

(1)

Coastal Zone Definitions and Subdivisions

1

(2)

Geologic Time and Definitions

3

(2)

Water Level Datums and Definitions

5

(1)

Factors Influencing Coastal Geology

6

(14)

Sea Level Changes

20

(9)

Cultural (Man-Made) Influences on Coastal Geology

29

Coastal Classification and Morphology

Introduction

1

(1)

Coastal Classification

1

(1)

Drowned River Coasts-Estuaries

1

(8)

Drowned Glacial Erosion Coasts

9

(1)

River Deposition Coasts-Deltas

10

(1)

Wind Deposition Coasts-Dunes

10

(3)

Volcanic Coasts

13

(5)

Sea Cliffs-Diastrophic, Erosional, and Volcanic

18

(4)

Marine Deposition Coasts-Barriers

22

(6)

Marine Deposition Coasts-Beaches

28

(5)

Salt Marshes

33

(2)

Biological Coasts

35

(5)

Continental Shelf Geology and Topography

40

Coastal Morphodynamics

Introduction

1

(1)

Introduction to Bed Forms

1

(3)

Deltaic Processes

4

(13)

Inlet Processes and Dynamics

17

(16)

Morphodynamics and Shoreface Processes of Clastic Sediment Shores

33

(22)

Cohesive Shore Processes and Dynamics

55

Coastal Geological Investigations

Introduction

1

(1)

Sources of Existing Coastal Information

1

(9)

Field Data Collection and Observation

10

(22)

Laboratory Techniques and Approaches

32

(8)

Analysis and Interpretation of Coastal Data

40

(50)

Summary

90

Appendix A References

1

(1)

Appendix B Glossary

1

(1)

Appendix C Acknowledgements

1

(1)

Appendix D List of Wave Information Studies (WIS) Reports

1

(1)

Appendix E List of Selected Sources for Aerial Photography and Other Remote Sensing Data

1

(1)

Appendix F Addresses of Government Agencies Producing Maps

1

(1)

Appendix G Geographic List of CERC Coastal Geologic and Monitoring Reports

1

(1)

Appendix H Field Reconnaissance for Coastal Erosion Study, Site Visit Checklist

1

(1)

Appendix I General Procedures for Conducting Offshore Sand Inventory Assessment Studies

1

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Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Coastal Geology

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License