Code of Medical Ethics : Current Opinions with Annotations 2000-2001

, by Ama Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs

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ISBN: 9781579470777 | 1579470777
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 9/1/2000

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Brandon/Hill Medical List first-purchase selection (#159). Annual contains over 160 specific ethical issues in medicine, including health care rationing, genetic testing, withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment, and family violence. Intended as a guide to professional behavior. Previous edition: c1999. Softcover

Preface

viii

History

Guide to Use of Annotations

xii

Principles of Medical Ethics

xiv

Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship

Principles of Medical Ethics, with annotations

xvii

Introduction

Terminology

(1)

The Relation of Law and Ethics

(2)

Opinions on Social Policy Issues

Abortion

(1)

Mandatory Parental Consent to Abortion

(1)

Abuse of Spouses, Children, Elderly Persons, and Others at Risk

(3)

Allocation of Limited Medical Resources

(5)

Futile Care

(1)

Medical Futility in End-of-Life Care

(1)

Artificial Insemination by Known Donor

(1)

Artificial Insemination by Anonymous Donor

(2)

Ethical Conduct in Assisted Reproductive Technology

(1)

Capital Punishment

(5)

Court-Initiated Medical Treatments in Criminal Cases

(1)

Torture

(1)

Clinical Investigation

(5)

Subject Selection for Clinical Trials

(1)

The Use of Placebo Controls in Clinical Trials

(1)

Commercial Use of Human Tissue

(1)

Costs

(3)

The Provision of Adequate Health Care

(1)

Fetal Research Guidelines

(2)

Patenting the Human Genome

(1)

Gene Therapy

(1)

Genetic Counseling

(1)

Genetic Engineering

(5)

Genetic Testing by Employers

(2)

Insurance Companies and Genetic Information

(1)

Ethical Issues in Carrier Screening of Genetic Disorders

(1)

Genetic Testing of Children

(2)

Multiplex Genetic Testing

(1)

In Vitro Fertilization

(4)

Frozen Pre-embryos

(1)

Pre-embryo Splitting

(1)

Human Cloning

(1)

Financial Incentives for Organ Donation

(2)

Mandated Choice and Presumed Consent for Cadaveric Organ Donation

(1)

Organ Procurement Following Cardiac Death

(1)

Organ Transplantation Guidelines

(6)

Medical Applications of Fetal Tissue Transplantation

(1)

Anencephalic Neonates as Organ Donors

(1)

Fetal Umbilical Cord Blood

(1)

The Use of Minors as Organ and Tissue Donors

(1)

Quality of Life

(1)

Surrogate Mothers

(4)

Unnecessary Services

(1)

Withholding or Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment

(17)

Euthanasia

(7)

Physician-Assisted Suicide

(6)

Treatment Decisions for Seriously Ill Newborns

(1)

Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders

(5)

Optimal Use of Orders-Not-to-Intervene and Advance Directives

(2)

HIV Testing

(1)

Information from Unethical Experiments

(2)

Opinions on Interprofessional Relations

Nonscientific Practitioners

(3)

Nurses

(1)

Allied Health Professionals

(1)

Referral of Patients

(1)

Chiropractic

(1)

Sports Medicine

(1)

Sexual Harassment and Exploitation Between Medical Supervisors and Trainees

(1)

Opinions on Hospital Relations

Admission Fee

(1)

Assessments, Compulsory

(1)

Billing for Housestaff and Student Services

(1)

Economic Incentives and Levels of Care

(1)

Organized Medical Staff

(1)

Physician-Hospital Contractual Relations

(1)

Staff Privileges

(1)

Opinions on Confidentiality, Advertising, and Communications Media Relations

Advertising and Managed Care Organizations

(2)

Direct-to-Consumer Advertisements of Prescription Drugs

(1)

Advertising and Publicity

100

(4)

Physician Advisory or Referral Services by Telecommunication

103

(1)

Communications Media: Standards of Professional Responsibility

104

(1)

Confidentiality

105

(14)

Confidential Care for Minors

117

(1)

Confidentiality of HIV Status on Autopsy Reports

118

(1)

Confidentiality: Attorney-Physician Relation

119

(1)

Confidentiality: Computers

120

(4)

Confidentiality: Disclosure of Records to Data Collection Companies

123

(1)

Confidentiality: Insurance Company Representative

124

(1)

Confidentiality: Industry-Employed Physicians and Independent Medical Examiners

125

(2)

Opinions on Fees and Charges

Contingent Physician Fees

127

(1)

Fee Splitting

128

(1)

Fee Splitting: Referrals to Health Care Facilities

129

(1)

Fee Splitting: Drug or Device Prescription Rebates

130

(1)

Fees for Medical Services

131

(1)

Insurance Form Completion Charges

131

(1)

Interest Charges and Finance Charges

132

(1)

Laboratory Bill

132

(1)

Services Provided by Multiple Physicians

132

(1)

Competition

133

(1)

Forgiveness or Waiver of Insurance Co-payments

134

(1)

Professional Courtesy

134

(1)

Opinions on Physician Records

Records of Physicians: Availability of Information to Other Physicians

135

(1)

Records of Physicians: Information and Patients

136

(2)

Records of Physicians: Access by Non-Treating Medical Staff

137

(1)

Records of Physicians upon Retirement or Departure from a Group

138

(1)

Sale of a Medical Practice

139

(1)

Retention of Medical Records

139

(2)

Opinions on Practice Matters

Appointment Charges

141

(1)

Ethical Guidelines for Physicians in Management Positions and Other Non-Clinical Roles

141

(1)

Ethical Obligations of Medical Directors

142

(1)

Conflicts of Interest: Guidelines

142

(10)

Conflicts of Interest: Biomedical Research

145

(1)

Conflicts of Interest: Health Facility Ownership by a Physician

146

(5)

Conflicts of Interest in Home Health Care

151

(1)

Consultation

152

(2)

Second Opinions

153

(1)

Contractual Relationships

154

(5)

Conflicts of Interest under Capitation

155

(1)

Negotiating Discounts for Specialty Care

156

(1)

Restrictions on Disclosure in Managed Care Contracts

157

(1)

Financial Incentives and the Practice of Medicine

157

(2)

Drugs and Devices: Prescribing

159

(6)

Gifts to Physicians from Industry

160

(3)

Sale of Non-Health-Related Goods from Physicians' Offices

163

(1)

Sale of Health-Related Products from Physicians' Offices

163

(2)

Gifts to Physicians: Offers of Indemnity

165

(1)

Informed Consent

165

(5)

Waiver of Informed Consent for Research in Emergency Situations

169

(1)

Laboratory Services

170

(1)

Reporting Clinical Test Results: General Guidelines

171

(1)

Lien Laws

171

(1)

Neglect of Patient

171

(3)

Termination of the Physician-Patient Relationship

173

(1)

Patient Information

174

(1)

Managed Care

175

(9)

Referral of Patients: Disclosure of Limitations

181

(2)

Managed Care Cost Containment Involving Prescription Drugs

183

(1)

Sexual Misconduct in the Practice of Medicin

184

(4)

Sexual or Romantic Relations between Physicians and Key Third Parties

187

(1)

Substance Abuse

188

(1)

Substitution of Surgeon without Patient's Knowledge or Consent

188

(2)

Use of Restraints

190

(1)

Informing Families of a Patient's Death

190

(1)

Self-Treatment or Treatment of Immediate Family Members

191

(1)

Invalid Medical Treatment

192

(1)

Use of Chaperones During Physical Exams

192

(2)

Opinions on Professional Rights and Responsibilities

Accreditation

194

(3)

Continuing Medical Education

194

(2)

Physicians' Political Communications with Patients and Their Families

196

(1)

Restrictive Covenants and the Practice of Medicine

197

(3)

Covenants-Not-to-Compete for Physicians-in-Training

199

(1)

Collective Action and Patient Advocacy

200

(1)

Civil Rights and Professional Responsibility

200

(4)

Reporting Imparied, Incompetent, or Unethical Colleagues

201

(1)

Reporting Adverse Drug or Device Events

202

(1)

Gender Discrimination in the Medical Profession

203

(1)

Discipline and Medicine

204

(1)

Due Process

205

(2)

Disputes between Medical Supervisors and Trainees

206

(1)

Free Choice

207

(3)

Caring for the Poor

209

(1)

Medical Testimony

210

(2)

New Medical Procedures

212

(2)

Patent for Surgical or Diagnostic Instrument

214

(1)

Patenting of Medical Procedures

214

(1)

Peer Review

215

(1)

Ethics Committees in Health Care Instutions

216

(2)

Ethics Consultations

217

(1)

Patient-Physician Relationship: Respect for Law and Human Rights

218

(4)

Racial Disparities in Health Care

220

(1)

Gender Disparities in Health Care

221

(1)

Physicians and Infectious Diseases

222

(9)

HIV-Infected Patients and Physicians

224

(5)

Health Care Fraud and Abuse

229

(2)

Opinions on the Patient-Physician Relationship

Fundamental Elements of the Patient-Physician Relationship

231

(3)

Patient Responsibilities

234

(2)

Patient-Physician Relationship in the Context of Work-Related and Independent Medical Examinations

236

(1)

Appendix

American Medical Association Constitution and Bylaws: Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs

237

(4)

Rules of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs

241

(8)

Rules of the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs in Original Jurisdiction Cases

249

(3)

Index to Opinions

252

(5)

Table of Cases

257

(6)

Table of Articles

263

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Code of Medical Ethics : Current Opinions with Annotations 2000-2001

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials