A Companion to the History of the English Language

Michael Matto is Assistant Professor of English and Director of Writing Programs at Adelphi University. He has published articles on Old English language, literature, and culture, and is currently editing (with Greg Delanty) a collection of new literary translations of Old English poems (2009).

Notes on Contributors xiii

Acknowledgments xxii

Note on Phonetic Symbols and Orthography xxiv

A Timeline for HEL xxix

Part I Introduction 1

1 History, English, Language: Studying HEL Today 3
Michael Matto and Haruko Momma

2 History of the History of the English Language: How Has the Subject Been Studied? 11
Thomas Cable

3 Essential Linguistics 18
Mary Blockley

Part II Linguistic Survey 25

4 Phonology: Segmental Histories 29
Donka Minkova and Robert Stockwell

5 History of English Morphology 43
Robert McColl Millar

6 History of English Syntax 57
Olga Fischer

7 A History of the English Lexicon 69
Geoffrey Hughes

8 History of English Prosody 81
Geoffrey Russom

Part III English Semantics and Lexicography 89

9 Dictionaries Today: What Can We Do With Them? 93
Reinhard R. K. Hartmann

10 English Onomasiological Dictionaries and Thesauri 103
Werner Hüllen

11 Johnson, Webster, and the Oxford English Dictionary 113
Charlotte Brewer

Part IV Pre-history of English 123

12 English as an Indo-European Language 127
Philip Baldi

13 English as a Germanic Language 142
R. D. Fulk

Part V English in History: England and America 151

Section 1 Old English in History (ca. 450–1066) 153

14 Early Old English (up to 899) 156
Daniel Donoghue

15 Late Old English (899–1066) 165
Mechthild Gretsch

16 Topics in Old English Dialects 172
Lucia Kornexl

Section 2 Middle English in History (1066–1485) 181

17 Early Middle English (1066–ca. 1350) 184
Thorlac Turville-Petre

18 Late Middle English (ca. 1350–1485) 191
Seth Lerer

19 Varieties of Middle English 198
Jeremy J. Smith

Section 3 Early Modern English in History (1485–1660) 207

20 Early Modern English (1485–1660) 209
Terttu Nevalainen

21 Varieties of Early Modern English 216
Jonathan Hope

Section 4 Modern British English in History (1660–present) 225

22 British English in the Long Eighteenth Century (1660–1830) 228
Carey McIntosh

23 British English Since 1830 235
Richard W. Bailey

24 The Rise of Received Pronunciation 243
Lynda Mugglestone

Section 5 American English in History 251

25 American English to 1865 254
David Simpson

26 American English Since 1865 263
Walt Wolfram

27 American English Dialects 274
Gavin Jones

Section 6 Topics in History 281

28 Early Modern English Print Culture 284
John N. King

29 Issues of Gender in Modern English 293
Deborah Cameron

30 Class, Ethnicity, and the Formation of "Standard English" 303
Tony Crowley

31 The Transplantation of American English in Philippine Soil 313
Br. Andrew Gonzalez, FSC

32 English, Latin, and the Teaching of Rhetoric 323
Michael Matto

33 English in Mass Communications: News Discourse and the Language of Journalism 334
Philippa K. Smith and Allan Bell

Part VI English in History: English Outside England and the United States 345

Section 1 British Isles and Ireland 347

34 English in Wales 350
Marion Löffler

35 English in Scotland 358
J. Derrick McClure

36 English in Ireland 366
Terence Patrick Dolan

Section 2 English in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand 377

37 English in Canada 380
John Edwards

38 Australian and New Zealand English 389
Pam Peters

Section 3 Colonial and Post-colonial English 401

39 South Asian English 404
Kamal K. Sridhar

40 English in the Caribbean 413
Donald Winford

41 English in Africa 423
Alamin M. Mazrui

Part VII Literary Languages 431

42 The Anglo-Saxon Poetic Tradition 435
Fred C. Robinson

43 "In swich englissh as he kan": Chaucer's Literary Language 445
John F. Plummer

44 Shakespeare's Literary Language 455
Adam N. McKeown

45 Jane Austen's Literary English 464
Mary Poovey

46 Joyce's English 471
Laurent Milesi

47 Faulkner's Language 479
Noel Polk

48 Twixt the Twain: East-West in Rushdie's Zubaan-Tongue 487
Tabish Khair

49 Toni Morrison: The Struggle for the Word 495
Justine Tally

Part VIII Issues in Present-Day English 505

50 Migration and Motivation in the Development of African American Vernacular English 509
Mary B. Zeigler

51 Latino Varieties of English 521
Robert Bayley

52 Teaching English to Native Speakers: The Subject Matter of Composition (1970–2005) 531
Mary Soliday

53 Earning as well as Learning a Language: English and the Post-colonial Teacher 541
Eugene Chen Eoyang

54 Creoles and Pidgins 553
Salikoko S. Mufwene

55 World Englishes in World Contexts 567
Braj B. Kachru

Part IX Further Approaches to Language Study 581

56 Style and Stylistics 585
David L. Hoover

57 Corpus-Based Linguistic Approaches to the History of English 596
Anne Curzan

58 Sociolinguistics 608
Robin Tolmach Lakoff

59 Cognitive Linguistics 618
Dirk Geeraerts

Glossary of Linguistic Terms 630

Haruko Momma

Index 646

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