The Complete Whitewater Rafter
, by Bennett, Jeff
- ISBN: 9780070055056 | 007005505X
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 1/22/1996
This is the manual endorsed by professional guides, instructors, and recreational river runners everywhere. With comprehensive step-by-step coverage starting with the first run, it includes tips from top guides, outfitters, and instructors, plus the most complete guide to Class V rafting techniques ever assembled. This is the completely revised and updated successor to Bennett's best-selling manual,Rafting!.
Jeff Bennett has been running rivers in rafts, hardshell and inflatable kayaks, and canoes since the 1970s. A columnist and contributing photographer to Paddler and Snow Country magazines, his work has also appeared in Canoe & Kayak, Adventure West, and other publications. He is author or co-author of three classic river guides--Class Five Chronicles, A Guide to the Whitewater Rivers of Washington, and Soggy Sneakers Guide to Oregon Rivers--and has contributed tales of hairball whitewater descents to the wildly entertaining book, No Shit! There I Was. He is also author of The Complete Inflatable Kayaker and with Scott Downey, The Complete Snowboarder, both published by Ragged Mountain Press.
Introduction
The First Splash; About the Author; A Little Help from My Friends; What Are You Getting Yourself Into?; How to Use This Book
1. The Evolution of Rafting: From Powell to Paddle Cats
The Fremont Expeditions
John Wesley Powell
Nathaniel Galloway
The Post-World War II Era
The Self-Bailing Generation
The Russian Influence
Looking Toward Tomorrow
2. Get Wet: Your First Rafting Adventure
Outfitters
Other Ways to Get Wet
Clubs and Organizations; Raft Rentals
3. Equipment: From Oars to Floors, Helmets to Hi-FloatsBasic Raft Anatomy
Tubes; Panels and Seams; Valves; Thwarts; Floors; Accessories; FootcupsMaterials
Base Fabrics; CoatingsDesign Characteristics
Length and Width; Tube Size; Symmetry; Rise; Waterline; Floors
Catarafts
Types of Catarafts; Cataraft Design; Characteristics; Rotocats and Plastic Cats
Other Types of Rafts
North American Rafts; Plohts
Purchasing a Raft
Traditional Rafts; Catarafts; Used Rafts
Frames
Traditional Raft Frames; Selecting a Frame; Other Considerations; Cataraft Frames; Cooler Frames
Oars
Oar Construction; Selecting Oars; Oar Length; Setting Up Oars; Pins and Clips; Oarlocks; Fine Tuning
Paddles
Essential Riverwear
Clothing; Lifejackets; Helmets
Saddle Up: Assembling Your Gear and Crew
Inflating Your Raft
Pumps; Inflating the Raft
Rigging the Frame
Loading Accessories
Spare Oars; Spare Paddles; Bowlines; Handlines; Bail Buckets; Additional Gear
Passengers in Oar Rafts
Nonpaddlers; Paddle Assists/Paddle Teams
A Solid Foundation; Seating Arrangements; Varying the Size of the Paddle Team
5. River Morphology: The Dynamics of Running Water
A Look Beneath the Surface
Water Mechanics; Laminar Flows; Turbulent Flows; Chaos; Helical Currents; Meanders
River Characteristics
Volume; Gradient
Surface Features
Tongues; Upstream Vs; Standing Waves; Diagonal Waves; Haystacks; Breaking Waves and Stoppers; Pillows; Undercuts; Rooster Tails; Boils; Holes; Lowhead Dams and Weirs; Waterfalls; Eddies
The Big Picture
The Rating Game
The AWA River-Rating Scale; Fine-Tuning the Scale
6. Propulsion Basics: Different Strokes for Different Boats
Oar Strokes
Backrowing; Portegee; Turning; Shipping; Rowing Sweep Boats and Plohts
Paddle Strokes
Get a Grip; Three Types of Paddle Strokes; Basic Power Strokes; Advanced Power Strokes; Turning Strokes; Bracing
7. Paddle Captaining: The Art of Whitewater Choreography
The Pretrip Lecture
Seating the Captain and Crew
The Captain's Chair; Seating the Crew
Guiding Strokes
The Strokes; Experience Is the Key
Paddle Commands
Basic Commands; Advanced Commands; Fine-Tuning; Handling Lag Time; Handling Overstroking; Your Voice; The Seasoned Team
8. Whitewater: Running the Rapids
Five Types of Maneuvers
River Directions
Staying Parallel with the Current
Ferrying
History; Oar Rafts; Paddle Rafts; Apparent Versus Real Course; Ferrying Around Bends
Turns and Pivots
Sideslips
Eddy Maneuvers
Putting on the Brakes; Entering Eddies; Staying in Eddies; Exiting Eddies; Capsizing Forces
Heading Downriver
Reading Rivers; The Two Cs
The SAFE System
Scout; Analyze; Formulate; Execute
The Added Edge
Bailing; Highsiding; Digging; Lowering Your Center of Gravity; Beaching
Honing Your Skills
9. Safety and Rescue: Keeping Your Head and Gear Above Water
Having What It Takes
Pretrip Preparation; Time on the River; Pretrip Discussion
Equipment
Group Travel
Lead and Sweep Rafts; Group Scouting and Rescue
Portaging and Lining
Self-Rescues
Swimming; Rerighting Rafts; Active Swimming; Holes and Dams; Strainers and Sweepers; Pulling Swimmers into Rafts
Rope Rescues
Throw Bags; Getting Ropes to Swimmers; Belays
River Crossings
Solo Crossings; Group Crossings
Other Rope Rescues
Strong-Swimmer Rescue; Loose Horizontal Line; The Telfer Lower
Wraps
First Things First; Basic Rope Systems; Z-Drags
First Aid
10. Advanced Rafting: Rafting on the Cutting Edge
Preparation
Skills and Conditioning; Choice of Raft; Accessories; Stowing Gear; The Class V Attitude
Rafting in the Third Dimension
Helpful Hydraulics; Waves; Holes; V-Holes; Eddies
Boulders and Slots
Boulders; Lowsiding
Waterfalls and Steep Drops
Irregular Ledges; Waterfalls
Low- and High-Water Techniques
Low-Water Trips; High-Water Trips
A Quick Course in Steep Creeking
Reading the Horizon; Slowing Your Descent
R-2ing
11. Single-Day to Multiday Trips: Carrying Your Toys
Planning Ahead
Waterproof Containers
Dry Bags; Ammo Cans and Dry Boxes
Stowing Gear Safely
12. River Camping and Cookery: Life at the Riverside Inn
Clothing and Camping Equipment
Campsite Selection
Wind and Water; The Riparian Environment
Campfires
Firepans; Campfire Cleanup; River Saunas
Human Waste
River Cookery
Menu Planning; Packing Food; Coolers; Sorting Food; The Kitchen; Dutch Ovens; Dishwashing; Drinking Water; Garbage
One Step Further: Rafting Alternatives
River Exploration
The Research Phase; Selecting the Crew; Equipment and Supplies; Safety; Getting to the River; Running the River
Racing
Types of Races; Prerace Tips; During the Race; Wildwater Tips
Playboating
Equipment; Skills; Playing on Waves; Playing in Holes
14. Stay in Shape: Gear Maintenance and Repair
Raft Care
Takedown, Rolling, and Storage
Raft Repair
Materials; The Workplace; Applying the Patch; Patching Tips; Major Repairs; Welding; D-Rings; Valves
Oar Maintenance and Repair
Riverwear
Neoprene Clothing; Drysuits
Other Equipment
Lifejackets; Pumps
15. The Rest of the Story
Becoming a Professional Guide
Opening Doors; Getting Your Ticket to Ride; Guide-Training Schools; The Inside Track; Landing the Premier Jobs
Whitewater Photography
Equipment; Protecting Your Gear; Film Lighting and Exposure; Shooting Angles; The Learning Curve
Rafting for the Physically Challenged
Rafting with Children
Start on the Right Foot; Raft Safely; Keep Them Entertained
Other Whitewater Craft
Inflatable Kayaks; Inflatable Canoes; Sit-on-Tops; Kayaks; Canoes; Riverboards
Conservation--Preserving the River Resource
Appendix:
Safety Code of the American Whitewater Affiliation
Water-Level Information
United States Maps
Canadian Maps
Regional Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (Canada)
International Guidebooks
Books for Physically Challenged Rafters
Additional Canada Information
Periodicals
Rafting Equipment Catalogs
Rafting Manufacturers
Portable Toilets
Outfitters Organizations (U.S.)
Outfitters Organizations (Canada)
Private Boaters Organizations
Rafting Schools
Safety Instruction Organizations
Conservation Groups
Checklists
Knots
Glossary
Index
Basic Raft Anatomy
Tubes; Panels and Seams; Valves; Thwarts; Floors; Accessories; FootcupsMaterials
Base Fabrics; CoatingsDesign Characteristics
Length and Width; Tube Size; Symmetry; Rise; Waterline; Floors
Catarafts
Types of Catarafts; Cataraft Design; Characteristics; Rotocats and Plastic Cats
Other Types of Rafts
North American Rafts; Plohts
Purchasing a Raft
Traditional Rafts; Catarafts; Used Rafts
Frames
Traditional Raft Frames; Selecting a Frame; Other Considerations; Cataraft Frames; Cooler Frames
Oars
Oar Construction; Selecting Oars; Oar Length; Setting Up Oars; Pins and Clips; Oarlocks; Fine Tuning
Paddles
Essential Riverwear
Clothing; Lifejackets; Helmets
Saddle Up: Assembling Your Gear and Crew
Inflating Your Raft
Pumps; Inflating the Raft
Rigging the Frame
Loading Accessories
Spare Oars; Spare Paddles; Bowlines; Handlines; Bail Buckets; Additional Gear
Passengers in Oar Rafts
Nonpaddlers; Paddle Assists/Paddle Teams
A Solid Foundation; Seating Arrangements; Varying the Size of the Paddle Team
5. River Morphology: The Dynamics of Running Water
A Look Beneath the Surface
Water Mechanics; Laminar Flows; Turbulent Flows; Chaos; Helical Currents; Meanders
River Characteristics
Volume; Gradient
Surface Features
Tongues; Upstream Vs; Standing Waves; Diagonal Waves; Haystacks; Breaking Waves and Stoppers; Pillows; Undercuts; Rooster Tails; Boils; Holes; Lowhead Dams and Weirs; Waterfalls; Eddies
The Big Picture
The Rating Game
The AWA River-Rating Scale; Fine-Tuning the Scale
6. Propulsion Basics: Different Strokes for Different Boats
Oar Strokes
Backrowing; Portegee; Turning; Shipping; Rowing Sweep Boats and Plohts
Paddle Strokes
Get a Grip; Three Types of Paddle Strokes; Basic Power Strokes; Advanced Power Strokes; Turning Strokes; Bracing
7. Paddle Captaining: The Art of Whitewater Choreography
The Pretrip Lecture
Seating the Captain and Crew
The Captain's Chair; Seating the Crew
Guiding Strokes
The Strokes; Experience Is the Key
Paddle Commands
Basic Commands; Advanced Commands; Fine-Tuning; Handling Lag Time; Handling Overstroking; Your Voice; The Seasoned Team
8. Whitewater: Running the Rapids
Five Types of Maneuvers
River Directions
Staying Parallel with the Current
Ferrying
History; Oar Rafts; Paddle Rafts; Apparent Versus Real Course; Ferrying Around Bends
Turns and Pivots
Sideslips
Eddy Maneuvers
Putting on the Brakes; Entering Eddies; Staying in Eddies; Exiting Eddies; Capsizing Forces
Heading Downriver
Reading Rivers; The Two Cs
The SAFE System
Scout; Analyze; Formulate; Execute
The Added Edge
Bailing; Highsiding; Digging; Lowering Your Center of Gravity; Beaching
Honing Your Skills
9. Safety and Rescue: Keeping Your Head and Gear Above Water
Having What It Takes
Pretrip Preparation; Time on the River; Pretrip Discussion
Equipment
Group Travel
Lead and Sweep Rafts; Group Scouting and Rescue
Portaging and Lining
Self-Rescues
Swimming; Rerighting Rafts; Active Swimming; Holes and Dams; Strainers and Sweepers; Pulling Swimmers into Rafts
Rope Rescues
Throw Bags; Getting Ropes to Swimmers; Belays
River Crossings
Solo Crossings; Group Crossings
Other Rope Rescues
Strong-Swimmer Rescue; Loose Horizontal Line; The Telfer Lower
Wraps
First Things First; Basic Rope Systems; Z-Drags
First Aid
10. Advanced Rafting: Rafting on the Cutting Edge
Preparation
Skills and Conditioning; Choice of Raft; Accessories; Stowing Gear; The Class V Attitude
Rafting in the Third Dimension
Helpful Hydraulics; Waves; Holes; V-Holes; Eddies
Boulders and Slots
Boulders; Lowsiding
Waterfalls and Steep Drops
Irregular Ledges; Waterfalls
Low- and High-Water Techniques
Low-Water Trips; High-Water Trips
A Quick Course in Steep Creeking
Reading the Horizon; Slowing Your Descent
R-2ing
11. Single-Day to Multiday Trips: Carrying Your Toys
Planning Ahead
Waterproof Containers
Dry Bags; Ammo Cans and Dry Boxes
Stowing Gear Safely
12. River Camping and Cookery: Life at the Riverside Inn
Clothing and Camping Equipment
Campsite Selection
Wind and Water; The Riparian Environment
Campfires
Firepans; Campfire Cleanup; River Saunas
Human Waste
River Cookery
Menu Planning; Packing Food; Coolers; Sorting Food; The Kitchen; Dutch Ovens; Dishwashing; Drinking Water; Garbage
One Step Further: Rafting Alternatives
River Exploration
The Research Phase; Selecting the Crew; Equipment and Supplies; Safety; Getting to the River; Running the River
Racing
Types of Races; Prerace Tips; During the Race; Wildwater Tips
Playboating
Equipment; Skills; Playing on Waves; Playing in Holes
14. Stay in Shape: Gear Maintenance and Repair
Raft Care
Takedown, Rolling, and Storage
Raft Repair
Materials; The Workplace; Applying the Patch; Patching Tips; Major Repairs; Welding; D-Rings; Valves
Oar Maintenance and Repair
Riverwear
Neoprene Clothing; Drysuits
Other Equipment
Lifejackets; Pumps
15. The Rest of the Story
Becoming a Professional Guide
Opening Doors; Getting Your Ticket to Ride; Guide-Training Schools; The Inside Track; Landing the Premier Jobs
Whitewater Photography
Equipment; Protecting Your Gear; Film Lighting and Exposure; Shooting Angles; The Learning Curve
Rafting for the Physically Challenged
Rafting with Children
Start on the Right Foot; Raft Safely; Keep Them Entertained
Other Whitewater Craft
Inflatable Kayaks; Inflatable Canoes; Sit-on-Tops; Kayaks; Canoes; Riverboards
Conservation--Preserving the River Resource
Appendix:
Safety Code of the American Whitewater Affiliation
Water-Level Information
United States Maps
Canadian Maps
Regional Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (Canada)
International Guidebooks
Books for Physically Challenged Rafters
Additional Canada Information
Periodicals
Rafting Equipment Catalogs
Rafting Manufacturers
Portable Toilets
Outfitters Organizations (U.S.)
Outfitters Organizations (Canada)
Private Boaters Organizations
Rafting Schools
Safety Instruction Organizations
Conservation Groups
Checklists
Knots
Glossary
Index
Materials
Base Fabrics; CoatingsDesign Characteristics
Length and Width; Tube Size; Symmetry; Rise; Waterline; Floors
Catarafts
Types of Catarafts; Cataraft Design; Characteristics; Rotocats and Plastic Cats
Other Types of Rafts
North American Rafts; Plohts
Purchasing a Raft
Traditional Rafts; Catarafts; Used Rafts
Frames
Traditional Raft Frames; Selecting a Frame; Other Considerations; Cataraft Frames; Cooler Frames
Oars
Oar Construction; Selecting Oars; Oar Length; Setting Up Oars; Pins and Clips; Oarlocks; Fine Tuning
Paddles
Essential Riverwear
Clothing; Lifejackets; Helmets
Saddle Up: Assembling Your Gear and Crew
Inflating Your Raft
Pumps; Inflating the Raft
Rigging the Frame
Loading Accessories
Spare Oars; Spare Paddles; Bowlines; Handlines; Bail Buckets; Additional Gear
Passengers in Oar Rafts
Nonpaddlers; Paddle Assists/Paddle Teams
A Solid Foundation; Seating Arrangements; Varying the Size of the Paddle Team
5. River Morphology: The Dynamics of Running Water
A Look Beneath the Surface
Water Mechanics; Laminar Flows; Turbulent Flows; Chaos; Helical Currents; Meanders
River Characteristics
Volume; Gradient
Surface Features
Tongues; Upstream Vs; Standing Waves; Diagonal Waves; Haystacks; Breaking Waves and Stoppers; Pillows; Undercuts; Rooster Tails; Boils; Holes; Lowhead Dams and Weirs; Waterfalls; Eddies
The Big Picture
The Rating Game
The AWA River-Rating Scale; Fine-Tuning the Scale
6. Propulsion Basics: Different Strokes for Different Boats
Oar Strokes
Backrowing; Portegee; Turning; Shipping; Rowing Sweep Boats and Plohts
Paddle Strokes
Get a Grip; Three Types of Paddle Strokes; Basic Power Strokes; Advanced Power Strokes; Turning Strokes; Bracing
7. Paddle Captaining: The Art of Whitewater Choreography
The Pretrip Lecture
Seating the Captain and Crew
The Captain's Chair; Seating the Crew
Guiding Strokes
The Strokes; Experience Is the Key
Paddle Commands
Basic Commands; Advanced Commands; Fine-Tuning; Handling Lag Time; Handling Overstroking; Your Voice; The Seasoned Team
8. Whitewater: Running the Rapids
Five Types of Maneuvers
River Directions
Staying Parallel with the Current
Ferrying
History; Oar Rafts; Paddle Rafts; Apparent Versus Real Course; Ferrying Around Bends
Turns and Pivots
Sideslips
Eddy Maneuvers
Putting on the Brakes; Entering Eddies; Staying in Eddies; Exiting Eddies; Capsizing Forces
Heading Downriver
Reading Rivers; The Two Cs
The SAFE System
Scout; Analyze; Formulate; Execute
The Added Edge
Bailing; Highsiding; Digging; Lowering Your Center of Gravity; Beaching
Honing Your Skills
9. Safety and Rescue: Keeping Your Head and Gear Above Water
Having What It Takes
Pretrip Preparation; Time on the River; Pretrip Discussion
Equipment
Group Travel
Lead and Sweep Rafts; Group Scouting and Rescue
Portaging and Lining
Self-Rescues
Swimming; Rerighting Rafts; Active Swimming; Holes and Dams; Strainers and Sweepers; Pulling Swimmers into Rafts
Rope Rescues
Throw Bags; Getting Ropes to Swimmers; Belays
River Crossings
Solo Crossings; Group Crossings
Other Rope Rescues
Strong-Swimmer Rescue; Loose Horizontal Line; The Telfer Lower
Wraps
First Things First; Basic Rope Systems; Z-Drags
First Aid
10. Advanced Rafting: Rafting on the Cutting Edge
Preparation
Skills and Conditioning; Choice of Raft; Accessories; Stowing Gear; The Class V Attitude
Rafting in the Third Dimension
Helpful Hydraulics; Waves; Holes; V-Holes; Eddies
Boulders and Slots
Boulders; Lowsiding
Waterfalls and Steep Drops
Irregular Ledges; Waterfalls
Low- and High-Water Techniques
Low-Water Trips; High-Water Trips
A Quick Course in Steep Creeking
Reading the Horizon; Slowing Your Descent
R-2ing
11. Single-Day to Multiday Trips: Carrying Your Toys
Planning Ahead
Waterproof Containers
Dry Bags; Ammo Cans and Dry Boxes
Stowing Gear Safely
12. River Camping and Cookery: Life at the Riverside Inn
Clothing and Camping Equipment
Campsite Selection
Wind and Water; The Riparian Environment
Campfires
Firepans; Campfire Cleanup; River Saunas
Human Waste
River Cookery
Menu Planning; Packing Food; Coolers; Sorting Food; The Kitchen; Dutch Ovens; Dishwashing; Drinking Water; Garbage
One Step Further: Rafting Alternatives
River Exploration
The Research Phase; Selecting the Crew; Equipment and Supplies; Safety; Getting to the River; Running the River
Racing
Types of Races; Prerace Tips; During the Race; Wildwater Tips
Playboating
Equipment; Skills; Playing on Waves; Playing in Holes
14. Stay in Shape: Gear Maintenance and Repair
Raft Care
Takedown, Rolling, and Storage
Raft Repair
Materials; The Workplace; Applying the Patch; Patching Tips; Major Repairs; Welding; D-Rings; Valves
Oar Maintenance and Repair
Riverwear
Neoprene Clothing; Drysuits
Other Equipment
Lifejackets; Pumps
15. The Rest of the Story
Becoming a Professional Guide
Opening Doors; Getting Your Ticket to Ride; Guide-Training Schools; The Inside Track; Landing the Premier Jobs
Whitewater Photography
Equipment; Protecting Your Gear; Film Lighting and Exposure; Shooting Angles; The Learning Curve
Rafting for the Physically Challenged
Rafting with Children
Start on the Right Foot; Raft Safely; Keep Them Entertained
Other Whitewater Craft
Inflatable Kayaks; Inflatable Canoes; Sit-on-Tops; Kayaks; Canoes; Riverboards
Conservation--Preserving the River Resource
Appendix:
Safety Code of the American Whitewater Affiliation
Water-Level Information
United States Maps
Canadian Maps
Regional Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (Canada)
International Guidebooks
Books for Physically Challenged Rafters
Additional Canada Information
Periodicals
Rafting Equipment Catalogs
Rafting Manufacturers
Portable Toilets
Outfitters Organizations (U.S.)
Outfitters Organizations (Canada)
Private Boaters Organizations
Rafting Schools
Safety Instruction Organizations
Conservation Groups
Checklists
Knots
Glossary
Index
Design Characteristics
Length and Width; Tube Size; Symmetry; Rise; Waterline; Floors
Catarafts
Types of Catarafts; Cataraft Design; Characteristics; Rotocats and Plastic Cats
Other Types of Rafts
North American Rafts; Plohts
Purchasing a Raft
Traditional Rafts; Catarafts; Used Rafts
Frames
Traditional Raft Frames; Selecting a Frame; Other Considerations; Cataraft Frames; Cooler Frames
Oars
Oar Construction; Selecting Oars; Oar Length; Setting Up Oars; Pins and Clips; Oarlocks; Fine Tuning
Paddles
Essential Riverwear
Clothing; Lifejackets; Helmets
Saddle Up: Assembling Your Gear and Crew
Inflating Your Raft
Pumps; Inflating the Raft
Rigging the Frame
Loading Accessories
Spare Oars; Spare Paddles; Bowlines; Handlines; Bail Buckets; Additional Gear
Passengers in Oar Rafts
Nonpaddlers; Paddle Assists/Paddle Teams
A Solid Foundation; Seating Arrangements; Varying the Size of the Paddle Team
5. River Morphology: The Dynamics of Running Water
A Look Beneath the Surface
Water Mechanics; Laminar Flows; Turbulent Flows; Chaos; Helical Currents; Meanders
River Characteristics
Volume; Gradient
Surface Features
Tongues; Upstream Vs; Standing Waves; Diagonal Waves; Haystacks; Breaking Waves and Stoppers; Pillows; Undercuts; Rooster Tails; Boils; Holes; Lowhead Dams and Weirs; Waterfalls; Eddies
The Big Picture
The Rating Game
The AWA River-Rating Scale; Fine-Tuning the Scale
6. Propulsion Basics: Different Strokes for Different Boats
Oar Strokes
Backrowing; Portegee; Turning; Shipping; Rowing Sweep Boats and Plohts
Paddle Strokes
Get a Grip; Three Types of Paddle Strokes; Basic Power Strokes; Advanced Power Strokes; Turning Strokes; Bracing
7. Paddle Captaining: The Art of Whitewater Choreography
The Pretrip Lecture
Seating the Captain and Crew
The Captain's Chair; Seating the Crew
Guiding Strokes
The Strokes; Experience Is the Key
Paddle Commands
Basic Commands; Advanced Commands; Fine-Tuning; Handling Lag Time; Handling Overstroking; Your Voice; The Seasoned Team
8. Whitewater: Running the Rapids
Five Types of Maneuvers
River Directions
Staying Parallel with the Current
Ferrying
History; Oar Rafts; Paddle Rafts; Apparent Versus Real Course; Ferrying Around Bends
Turns and Pivots
Sideslips
Eddy Maneuvers
Putting on the Brakes; Entering Eddies; Staying in Eddies; Exiting Eddies; Capsizing Forces
Heading Downriver
Reading Rivers; The Two Cs
The SAFE System
Scout; Analyze; Formulate; Execute
The Added Edge
Bailing; Highsiding; Digging; Lowering Your Center of Gravity; Beaching
Honing Your Skills
9. Safety and Rescue: Keeping Your Head and Gear Above Water
Having What It Takes
Pretrip Preparation; Time on the River; Pretrip Discussion
Equipment
Group Travel
Lead and Sweep Rafts; Group Scouting and Rescue
Portaging and Lining
Self-Rescues
Swimming; Rerighting Rafts; Active Swimming; Holes and Dams; Strainers and Sweepers; Pulling Swimmers into Rafts
Rope Rescues
Throw Bags; Getting Ropes to Swimmers; Belays
River Crossings
Solo Crossings; Group Crossings
Other Rope Rescues
Strong-Swimmer Rescue; Loose Horizontal Line; The Telfer Lower
Wraps
First Things First; Basic Rope Systems; Z-Drags
First Aid
10. Advanced Rafting: Rafting on the Cutting Edge
Preparation
Skills and Conditioning; Choice of Raft; Accessories; Stowing Gear; The Class V Attitude
Rafting in the Third Dimension
Helpful Hydraulics; Waves; Holes; V-Holes; Eddies
Boulders and Slots
Boulders; Lowsiding
Waterfalls and Steep Drops
Irregular Ledges; Waterfalls
Low- and High-Water Techniques
Low-Water Trips; High-Water Trips
A Quick Course in Steep Creeking
Reading the Horizon; Slowing Your Descent
R-2ing
11. Single-Day to Multiday Trips: Carrying Your Toys
Planning Ahead
Waterproof Containers
Dry Bags; Ammo Cans and Dry Boxes
Stowing Gear Safely
12. River Camping and Cookery: Life at the Riverside Inn
Clothing and Camping Equipment
Campsite Selection
Wind and Water; The Riparian Environment
Campfires
Firepans; Campfire Cleanup; River Saunas
Human Waste
River Cookery
Menu Planning; Packing Food; Coolers; Sorting Food; The Kitchen; Dutch Ovens; Dishwashing; Drinking Water; Garbage
One Step Further: Rafting Alternatives
River Exploration
The Research Phase; Selecting the Crew; Equipment and Supplies; Safety; Getting to the River; Running the River
Racing
Types of Races; Prerace Tips; During the Race; Wildwater Tips
Playboating
Equipment; Skills; Playing on Waves; Playing in Holes
14. Stay in Shape: Gear Maintenance and Repair
Raft Care
Takedown, Rolling, and Storage
Raft Repair
Materials; The Workplace; Applying the Patch; Patching Tips; Major Repairs; Welding; D-Rings; Valves
Oar Maintenance and Repair
Riverwear
Neoprene Clothing; Drysuits
Other Equipment
Lifejackets; Pumps
15. The Rest of the Story
Becoming a Professional Guide
Opening Doors; Getting Your Ticket to Ride; Guide-Training Schools; The Inside Track; Landing the Premier Jobs
Whitewater Photography
Equipment; Protecting Your Gear; Film Lighting and Exposure; Shooting Angles; The Learning Curve
Rafting for the Physically Challenged
Rafting with Children
Start on the Right Foot; Raft Safely; Keep Them Entertained
Other Whitewater Craft
Inflatable Kayaks; Inflatable Canoes; Sit-on-Tops; Kayaks; Canoes; Riverboards
Conservation--Preserving the River Resource
Appendix:
Safety Code of the American Whitewater Affiliation
Water-Level Information
United States Maps
Canadian Maps
Regional Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (Canada)
International Guidebooks
Books for Physically Challenged Rafters
Additional Canada Information
Periodicals
Rafting Equipment Catalogs
Rafting Manufacturers
Portable Toilets
Outfitters Organizations (U.S.)
Outfitters Organizations (Canada)
Private Boaters Organizations
Rafting Schools
Safety Instruction Organizations
Conservation Groups
Checklists
Knots
Glossary
Index
Paddle Teams
A Solid Foundation; Seating Arrangements; Varying the Size of the Paddle Team
5. River Morphology: The Dynamics of Running Water
A Look Beneath the Surface
Water Mechanics; Laminar Flows; Turbulent Flows; Chaos; Helical Currents; Meanders
River Characteristics
Volume; Gradient
Surface Features
Tongues; Upstream Vs; Standing Waves; Diagonal Waves; Haystacks; Breaking Waves and Stoppers; Pillows; Undercuts; Rooster Tails; Boils; Holes; Lowhead Dams and Weirs; Waterfalls; Eddies
The Big Picture
The Rating Game
The AWA River-Rating Scale; Fine-Tuning the Scale
6. Propulsion Basics: Different Strokes for Different Boats
Oar Strokes
Backrowing; Portegee; Turning; Shipping; Rowing Sweep Boats and Plohts
Paddle Strokes
Get a Grip; Three Types of Paddle Strokes; Basic Power Strokes; Advanced Power Strokes; Turning Strokes; Bracing
7. Paddle Captaining: The Art of Whitewater Choreography
The Pretrip Lecture
Seating the Captain and Crew
The Captain's Chair; Seating the Crew
Guiding Strokes
The Strokes; Experience Is the Key
Paddle Commands
Basic Commands; Advanced Commands; Fine-Tuning; Handling Lag Time; Handling Overstroking; Your Voice; The Seasoned Team
8. Whitewater: Running the Rapids
Five Types of Maneuvers
River Directions
Staying Parallel with the Current
Ferrying
History; Oar Rafts; Paddle Rafts; Apparent Versus Real Course; Ferrying Around Bends
Turns and Pivots
Sideslips
Eddy Maneuvers
Putting on the Brakes; Entering Eddies; Staying in Eddies; Exiting Eddies; Capsizing Forces
Heading Downriver
Reading Rivers; The Two Cs
The SAFE System
Scout; Analyze; Formulate; Execute
The Added Edge
Bailing; Highsiding; Digging; Lowering Your Center of Gravity; Beaching
Honing Your Skills
9. Safety and Rescue: Keeping Your Head and Gear Above Water
Having What It Takes
Pretrip Preparation; Time on the River; Pretrip Discussion
Equipment
Group Travel
Lead and Sweep Rafts; Group Scouting and Rescue
Portaging and Lining
Self-Rescues
Swimming; Rerighting Rafts; Active Swimming; Holes and Dams; Strainers and Sweepers; Pulling Swimmers into Rafts
Rope Rescues
Throw Bags; Getting Ropes to Swimmers; Belays
River Crossings
Solo Crossings; Group Crossings
Other Rope Rescues
Strong-Swimmer Rescue; Loose Horizontal Line; The Telfer Lower
Wraps
First Things First; Basic Rope Systems; Z-Drags
First Aid
10. Advanced Rafting: Rafting on the Cutting Edge
Preparation
Skills and Conditioning; Choice of Raft; Accessories; Stowing Gear; The Class V Attitude
Rafting in the Third Dimension
Helpful Hydraulics; Waves; Holes; V-Holes; Eddies
Boulders and Slots
Boulders; Lowsiding
Waterfalls and Steep Drops
Irregular Ledges; Waterfalls
Low- and High-Water Techniques
Low-Water Trips; High-Water Trips
A Quick Course in Steep Creeking
Reading the Horizon; Slowing Your Descent
R-2ing
11. Single-Day to Multiday Trips: Carrying Your Toys
Planning Ahead
Waterproof Containers
Dry Bags; Ammo Cans and Dry Boxes
Stowing Gear Safely
12. River Camping and Cookery: Life at the Riverside Inn
Clothing and Camping Equipment
Campsite Selection
Wind and Water; The Riparian Environment
Campfires
Firepans; Campfire Cleanup; River Saunas
Human Waste
River Cookery
Menu Planning; Packing Food; Coolers; Sorting Food; The Kitchen; Dutch Ovens; Dishwashing; Drinking Water; Garbage
One Step Further: Rafting Alternatives
River Exploration
The Research Phase; Selecting the Crew; Equipment and Supplies; Safety; Getting to the River; Running the River
Racing
Types of Races; Prerace Tips; During the Race; Wildwater Tips
Playboating
Equipment; Skills; Playing on Waves; Playing in Holes
14. Stay in Shape: Gear Maintenance and Repair
Raft Care
Takedown, Rolling, and Storage
Raft Repair
Materials; The Workplace; Applying the Patch; Patching Tips; Major Repairs; Welding; D-Rings; Valves
Oar Maintenance and Repair
Riverwear
Neoprene Clothing; Drysuits
Other Equipment
Lifejackets; Pumps
15. The Rest of the Story
Becoming a Professional Guide
Opening Doors; Getting Your Ticket to Ride; Guide-Training Schools; The Inside Track; Landing the Premier Jobs
Whitewater Photography
Equipment; Protecting Your Gear; Film Lighting and Exposure; Shooting Angles; The Learning Curve
Rafting for the Physically Challenged
Rafting with Children
Start on the Right Foot; Raft Safely; Keep Them Entertained
Other Whitewater Craft
Inflatable Kayaks; Inflatable Canoes; Sit-on-Tops; Kayaks; Canoes; Riverboards
Conservation--Preserving the River Resource
Appendix:
Safety Code of the American Whitewater Affiliation
Water-Level Information
United States Maps
Canadian Maps
Regional Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (U.S.)
Local Guidebooks (Canada)
International Guidebooks
Books for Physically Challenged Rafters
Additional Canada Information
Periodicals
Rafting Equipment Catalogs
Rafting Manufacturers
Portable Toilets
Outfitters Organizations (U.S.)
Outfitters Organizations (Canada)
Private Boaters Organizations
Rafting Schools
Safety Instruction Organizations
Conservation Groups
Checklists
Knots
Glossary
Index
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