Constitutional Law for a Changing America

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ISBN: 9781568021409 | 1568021402
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 11/1/1997

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Can Congress impose limits to free speech on the Internet? May a doctor or a family member assist a terminally-ill patient to commit suicide? Is it constitutional for a government agency to give preferences to minorities in awarding federal contracts? Covers various Americans' right to the free exercise of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of the press, discrimination and defendant's rights.

Preface

I THE SUPREME COURT AND THE CONSTITUTION

The Living Constitution

(1)

The Road to the Bill of Rights

(4)

The Amendment Process

(1)

The Supreme Court and the Amendment Process

(3)

Understanding the U.S. Supreme Court

(35)

Processing Supreme Court Cases

(11)

Approaches to Supreme Court Decision Making

(20)

Conducting Research on the Supreme Court

(4)

Readings

(1)

The Judiciary: Institutional Powers and Constraints

(20)

Judicial Review

(9)

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

(8)

Constraints on Judicial Power

(11)

Ex parte McCardle (1869)

(10)

Readings

(1)

Incorporation of the Bill of Rights

(29)

Must States Abide by the Bill of Rights?

Initial Responses

(3)

Barron v. Baltimore (1833)

(2)

Incorporation Through the Fourteenth Amendment: Early Interpretations

(6)

Hurtado v. California (1884)

(5)

A Standard Emerges

(4)

Palko v. Connecticut (1937)

(2)

Incorporation in the Aftermath of Palko

(12)

Duncan v. Louisiana (1968)

(7)

Readings

(3)

II CIVIL LIBERTIES

Approaching Civil Liberties

(4)

Religion: Exercise and Establishment

(130)

Defining Religion

(3)

Free Exercise of Religion

(47)

Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940)

102

(6)

Sherbert v. Verner (1963)

108

(6)

Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)

114

(9)

Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith (1990)

123

(8)

Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah (1993)

131

(8)

City of Boerne v. Flores (1997)

139

(7)

Religious Establishment

146

(79)

Everson v. Board of Education (1947)

150

(13)

Lemon v. Kurtzman; Earley v. DiCenso (1971)

163

(11)

Agostini v. Felton (1997)

174

(10)

Rosenberger v. University of Virginia (1995)

184

(7)

Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)

191

(10)

School District of Abington Township v. Schempp (1963)

201

(6)

Wallace v. Jaffree (1985)

207

(8)

Lee v. Weisman (1992)

215

(8)

Readings

223

(2)

Freedom of Speech, Assembly, and Association

225

(98)

The Development of Legal Standards: The Emergence of Law in Times of Crisis

225

(31)

Schenck v. United States (1919)

228

(3)

Abrams v. United States (1919)

231

(4)

Gitlow v. New York (1925)

235

(11)

Dennis v. United States (1951)

246

(7)

Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969)

253

(3)

Regulating Expression: Content and Contexts

256

(58)

United States v. O'Brien (1968)

260

(2)

Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

262

(6)

Texas v. Johnson (1989)

268

(5)

Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire (1942)

273

(2)

Cohen v. California (1971)

275

(7)

Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc. (1994)

282

(9)

R. A. V. v. City of St. Paul, Minnesota (1992)

291

(4)

Wisconsin v. Mitchell (1993)

295

(4)

West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)

299

(6)

Bates v. State Bar of Arizona (1977)

305

(7)

Central Hudson Gas and Electric Corporation v. Public Service Commission of New York (1980)

312

(2)

Emerging Issues

314

(9)

Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union (1997)

316

(6)

Readings

322

(1)

Freedom of the Press

323

(34)

Prior Restraint

324

(18)

Near v. Minnesota (1931)

324

(6)

New York Times v. United States (1971)

330

(8)

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

338

(4)

Government Control of Press Content

342

(8)

Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC (1969)

345

(5)

The Media and Special Rights

350

(7)

Branzburg v. Hayes (1972)

350

(6)

Readings

356

(1)

The Boundaries of Free Expression: Obscenity and Libel

357

(52)

Obscenity

357

(26)

Roth v. United States (1957)

359

(7)

Miller v. California (1973)

366

(5)

New York v. Ferber (1982)

371

(12)

Libel

383

(26)

New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)

384

(9)

Gertz v. Welch (1974)

393

(6)

Hustler Magazine v. Falwell (1988)

399

(4)

Masson v. New Yorker Magazine (1991)

403

(5)

Readings

408

(1)

The Right to Privacy

409

(78)

The Right to Privacy: Foundations

410

(8)

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)

412

(6)

Private Activities and the Application of Griswold

418

(24)

Bowers v. Hardwick (1986)

419

(7)

Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health (1990)

426

(8)

Washington v. Glucksberg (1997)

434

(8)

Reproductive Freedom and the Right to Privacy: Abortion

442

(39)

Roe v. Wade (1973)

444

(21)

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992)

465

(13)

Readings

478

(3)

III THE RIGHTS OF THE CRIMINALLY ACCUSED

The Criminal Justice System and Constitutional Rights

481

(1)

Overview of the Criminal Justice System

481

(3)

Trends in Court Decision Making

484

(3)

Investigations and Evidence

487

(77)

The Fourth Amendment: Historical Notes

488

(1)

The Supreme Court and the Fourth Amendment

489

(34)

Illinois v. Gates (1983)

490

(6)

Katz v. United States (1967)

496

(11)

Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton (1995)

507

(6)

Terry v. Ohio (1968)

513

(10)

Enforcing the Fourth Amendment: The Exclusionary Rule

523

(16)

Mapp v. Ohio (1961)

524

(9)

United States v. Leon (1984)

533

(6)

The Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination

539

(25)

Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)

541

(3)

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

544

(12)

Rhode Island v. Innis (1980)

556

(7)

Readings

563

(1)

Attorneys, Trials, and Punishments

564

(75)

The Right to Counsel

564

(10)

Powell v. Alabama (1932)

565

(4)

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

569

(5)

The Pretrial Period and the Right to Bail

574

(5)

United States v. Salerno (1987)

575

(4)

The Sixth Amendment and Fair Trials

579

(21)

Batson v. Kentucky (1986)

581

(6)

J. E. B. v. Alabama ex rel. T. B. (1994)

587

(6)

Sheppard v. Maxwell (1966)

593

(4)

Richmond Newspapers v. Virgina (1980)

597

(3)

Trial Proceedings

600

(2)

Final Trial Stage: An Overview of Sentencing

602

(1)

The Eighth Amendment

603

(21)

Gregg v. Georgia (1976)

604

(11)

McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)

615

(9)

Post-Trial Stages

624

(5)

Readings

626

(3)

IV CIVIL RIGHTS

Civil Rights and the Constitution

629

(1)

The Fourteenth Amendment

630

(6)

The Fifteenth Amendment

636

(3)

Discrimination

639

(117)

Racial Discrimination

639

(41)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

640

(7)

Shelley v. Kraemer (1948)

647

(3)

Sweatt v. Painter (1950)

650

(2)

Brown v. Board of Education (I) (1954)

652

(4)

Brown v. Board of Education (II) (1955)

656

(3)

Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority (1961)

659

(2)

Loving v. Virginia (1967)

661

(5)

Moose Lodge #107 v. Irvis (1972)

666

(3)

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971)

669

(6)

United States v. Fordice (1992)

675

(5)

Sex Discrimination

680

(29)

Reed v. Reed (1971)

684

(2)

Frontiero v. Richardson (1973)

686

(3)

Craig v. Boren (1976)

689

(5)

Orr v. Orr (1979)

694

(3)

United States v. Virginia (1996)

697

(7)

Rostker v. Goldberg (1981)

704

(5)

Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation

709

(6)

Romer v. Evans (1996)

710

(5)

Other Forms of Discrimination

715

(10)

San Antonio Independent School District v. rodriguez (1973)

716

(9)

Remedying the Effects of Discrimination: Affirmative Action

725

(28)

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

728

(8)

Johnson v. Transportation Agency of Santa Clara County, California (1987)

736

(4)

City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co. (1989)

740

(7)

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena (1995)

747

(6)

Contemporary Developments in Discrimination Law

753

(3)

Readings

754

(2)

Voting and Representation

756

(84)

Voting Rights

756

(13)

Louisiana v. United States (1965)

759

(5)

South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966)

764

(5)

Political Representation

769

(38)

Baker v. Carr (1962)

772

(4)

Reynolds v. Sims (1964)

776

(10)

United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburgh v. Carey (1977)

786

(5)

Miller v. Johnson (1995)

791

(8)

Davis v. Bandemer (1986)

799

(4)

Readings

803

(4)

REFERENCE MATERIAL

Constitution of the United States

807

(10)

Federalist Paper, No. 78

817

(4)

U.S. Presidents

821

(2)

Thumbnail Sketch of the Supreme Court's History

823

(2)

The Justices

825

(6)

Natural Courts

831

(6)

Supreme Court Calendar

837

(1)

Briefing Supreme Court Cases

838

(2)

Glossary

840

(5)

Subject Index

845

(17)

Case Index

862

(7)

Illustration Credits

869

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Constitutional Law for a Changing America

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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Constitutional Law for a Changing America

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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