Constraints on Pulaar Phonology

Constraints in Pulaar Phonology provides clear and convincing analyses and solutions to linguistic phenomena whose treatment in the literature remained unsatisfactory until now.

ABBREVIATIONS

IX

(2)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

XI

(2)

INTRODUCTION

XIII

CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

1

(24)

THEORETICAL MODEL

1

(7)

Introduction

1

(1)

1.1 Halle and Vergnaud's Model

2

(4)

1.1.1 Parameters

3

(1)

Headedness

3

(1)

Boundedness

3

(1)

1.1.2 Conditions

4

(1)

The Recoverability Condition

4

(1)

The Exhaustivity Condition

4

(1)

The Maximality Condition

4

(1)

The Faithfulness Condition

5

(1)

The Domino Condition

5

(1)

The Directionality Condition

5

(1)

Extrametricality

5

(1)

1.2 The Theory of the Skeletal Tier

6

(1)

1.2.1 The CV Model

6

(1)

1.2.2 The X-Slot Model

6

(1)

Conclusion

7

(1)

LANGUAGE BACKGROUND

8

(17)

Introduction

8

(1)

1.3 Overview

8

(1)

1.4 The Dialects

9

(4)

Previous Classifications

9

(1)

Dialect Comparison

10

(3)

1.5 Classification

13

(11)

Meinhof's Classification

14

(3)

Westermann's Classification

17

(3)

Greenberg's Classification

20

(3)

Additional Features

23

(1)

Conclusion

24

(1)

CHAPTER 2: SYLLABLE STRUCTURE CONSTRAINTS

25

(18)

Introduction

25

(1)

2.1 Levin's Approach

26

(2)

N"-Projection

26

(1)

N'-Projection

27

(1)

2.2 Segment Inventory

28

(3)

2.2.1 Consonants

28

(1)

2.2.2 Vowels

29

(1)

2.2.3 Consonant & Vowel Distribution

29

(2)

Consonant Distribution

29

(1)

Consonant Clusters

29

(1)

Vowel Distribution

30

(1)

2.3 Syllable Internal Structure

31

(4)

Syllable Types

32

(1)

Syllable Combinations

32

(3)

2.4 Constraints on Syllabification and Resyllabification

35

(4)

2.5 The Role of Epenthesis

39

(1)

2.6 Rule Ordering

40

(1)

Conclusion

41

(2)

CHAPTER 3: CONSTRAINTS ON GEMINATION

43

(30)

Introduction

43

(1)

3.1 Previous Analysis

44

(4)

3.1.1 Paradis' Analysis

44

(4)

Phonemic Constraint

44

(1)

Occlusivization

45

(1)

Gemination Rule

45

(3)

3.1.2 Bakovic's Analysis

48

(1)

3.2 Geminate Consonant Types

48

(5)

3.3 Gemination Processes

53

(18)

3.3.1 Consonant Assimilation

53

(8)

3.3.2 Vowel Initial Suffixation

61

(7)

3.3.3 Word Initial Gemination

68

(3)

Conclusion

71

(2)

CHAPTER 4: METRICAL STRUCTURE CONSTRAINTS

73

(70)

Introduction

73

(1)

4.1 Relevant Literature

73

(5)

4.1.1 Taylor's Analysis

73

(3)

4.1.2 Arnott's Analysis

76

(1)

4.1.3 McIntosh's Analysis

76

(1)

4.1.4 Prunet and Tellier's Analysis

77

(1)

4.2 Pulaar Metrical Structure

78

(5)

4.2.1 Stress Patterns

78

(1)

Primary Stress

78

(3)

Secondary Stress

81

(2)

4.3 Analysis

83

(59)

4.3.1 Halle and Vergnaud's Analysis

83

(4)

4.3.2 Proposed Analysis

87

(1)

4.3.3 Nominal Complexes

88

(1)

4.3.3.1 Monosyllabic Nominals

88

(1)

4.3.3.2 Disyllabic Nominals

89

(1)

4.3.3.3 Trisyllabic Nominals

89

(4)

4.3.3.4 Tetrasyllabic Nominals

93

(3)

4.3.3.5 Pentasyllabic Nominals

96

(8)

4.3.3.6 Sextasyllabic Nominals

104

(6)

4.3.3.7 Septasyllabic Nominals

110

(4)

4.3.3.8 Octosyllabic Nominals

114

(2)

4.3.3.9 Nominals with Suffixes

116

(3)

4.3.4 Verbal Complexes

119

(1)

4.3.4.1 Monosyllabic Verbs

119

(1)

4.3.4.2 Disyllabic Verbs

119

(1)

4.3.4.3 Trisyllabic Verbs

120

(2)

4.3.4.4 Tetrasyllabic Verbs

122

(4)

4.3.4.5 Pentasyllabic Verbs

126

(3)

4.3.4.6 Sextasyllabic Verbs

129

(8)

4.3.4.6 Septasyllabic Verbs

137

(1)

4.3.5 Sentence Metrical Structure

138

(1)

4.3.5.1 One Word sentences

139

(1)

4.3.5.2 Two word Sentences

140

(1)

4.3.5.3 Three Word Sentences

141

(1)

4.3.5.4 Four Word Sentences

141

(1)

Conclusion

142

(1)

GLOSSARY

143

(10)

REFERENCES

153

(2)

INDEX

155

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Constraints on Pulaar Phonology

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Table of Contents

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