Contested Citizenship in East Asia: Developmental Politics, National Unity, and Globalization

Theories of citizenship from the West (pre-eminently by T.H.Marshall) provide only a limited insight into East Asian political history. The Marshallian trajectory #xE2;#xAC;#x1C; juridical, political and social rights #xE2;#xAC;#x1C; was not repeated in Asia and the late nineteenth-century debate about liberalism and citizenship among intellectuals in Japan and China was eventually stifled by war, colonialism and authoritarian governments (both nationalist and communist). Subsequent attempts to import western-style democratic values and citizenship were to a large extent failures. Specifically social rights have rarely been systematically incorporated into the political ideology and administrative framework of ruling governments. In reality, the predominant concern of both the state elite and the ordinary citizens was economic development and a modicum of material well-being rather than civil liberties. The developmental state and its politics take precedence in the everyday political process of most East Asian societies. These essays provide a systematic and comparative account of the tensions between rapid economic growth and citizenship, and the ways in which those tensions are played out in civil society.

Chang Kyung-Sup is Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Political Economy and Social Policy Research Center at Seoul National University, South Korea. Bryan S. Turner is the Presidential Professor of Sociology and the Director of the Committee on Religion at the City University of New York, USA, and Professor of Social and Political Thought at the University of Western Sydney) Australia.