Cultural Competence A Primer for Educators

We all know that an appreciation of diversity is important, but how do you teach that to students? CULTURAL COMPETENCE: A PRIMER FOR EDUCATORS shows you the basis of multicultural education strategies in a short, easy-to-use education textbook. And because this edition includes sections on the psycho-social dimensions of teaching culturally diverse populations, CULTURAL COMPETENCE: A PRIMER FOR EDUCATORS is timely as well. Thorough and handy, this is the education textbook you'll need to emphasize the importance of diversity in your classroom.

Preface

viii

Acknowledgments

xi

About the Authors

xiii

Chapter 1 Introduction

1

(9)

The Purpose of This Text

4

(6)

Chapter 2 What It Means to Be Culturally Competent

10

(18)

Demographics

10

(2)

Reactions to the Changing Demographics

12

(1)

A Model of Cultural Competence

12

(1)

Basic Assumptions

13

(1)

Individual Cultural Competence Skill Areas

14

(4)

Defining Professional Standards

18

(1)

Why Become Culturally Competent?

18

(1)

The Fear and Pain Associated with Moving toward Cultural Competence

19

(4)

A Word to the Reader

23

(1)

Discussion Questions

24

(1)

Activity: Taking the Cultural Competency Survey

25

(1)

Summary

26

(2)

Chapter 3 Understanding Racism and Prejudice

28

(24)

Defining and Contextualizing Racism

29

(3)

Individual Racism and Prejudice

32

(5)

Institutional Racism

37

(6)

Cultural Racism

43

(2)

Discussion Questions and Activities

45

(4)

Summary

49

(3)

Chapter 4 Understanding Privilege and Racial Consciousness among Whites

52

(13)

White Privilege

53

(3)

A Model of Racial Attitude Types

56

(2)

A Model of White Racial-Identity Development

58

(1)

Identity Development in the College Classroom

59

(1)

Implications for White Teachers

60

(1)

Reflection Questions and a Technique for Solving Problems

61

(2)

Summary

63

(2)

Chapter 5 Understanding Culture and Cultural Differences

65

(24)

What Is Culture?

66

(1)

Race and Culture in the Definition of Group Differences

67

(1)

The Dimensions of Culture

68

(3)

Comparing Cultural Paradigms in America

71

(3)

A Case of Cross-Cultural Miscommunication

74

(2)

Are Educational Theories Culture-Bound?

76

(1)

Conflicting Values in Educational Theory

77

(5)

Conflicting Strategies about Multicultural Education

82

(3)

Reflection Questions and a Technique for Solving Problems

85

(1)

Summary

86

(1)

Introduction to Chapters 6, 7, 8, and 9

87

(2)

Chapter 6 Children, Parents, and Families of Color

89

(29)

Four Scenarios

90

(1)

Child Development

91

(9)

Parenting

100

(7)

Families of Color

107

(1)

Bicultural Families

108

(6)

Reflection Questions and a Technique for Solving Problems

114

(1)

Summary

115

(3)

Chapter 7 Psychological and Educational Issues

118

(29)

Racial Identity and Group Belonging

119

(6)

Assimilation and Acculturation

125

(7)

Stress

132

(1)

Providing Psychological Support in the Classroom

133

(2)

Isolated Students of Color

135

(5)

Isolated Teachers of Color

140

(1)

Interacting with Parents of Color

141

(3)

Reflection Questions and Creative Problem Solving

144

(1)

Summary

144

(3)

Chapter 8 Bias in the Curriculum and in the Classroom

147

(22)

The Impact of Social and Racial Attitudes

149

(2)

Cultural Aspects of Curriculum Delivery

151

(1)

Bias in Conceptualizing Ethnic Populations

152

(2)

Bias in Assessment

154

(2)

Who Are the Teachers?

156

(2)

Teacher Characteristics That Make a Difference

158

(1)

Curriculum Reform

159

(2)

Aspects of Curriculum Transformation

161

(2)

Child-Centeredness of the Curriculum

163

(2)

Textbook and Literature Bias

165

(1)

Is a Textbook Multiculturally Relevant?

166

(1)

Reflection Questions and Creative Problem Solving

166

(1)

Summary

167

(2)

Chapter 9 Critical Issues in Working with Culturally Different Students

169

(21)

Overcoming Anxiety

171

(1)

Preparing for Cross-Cultural Work

172

(1)

Finding Support for Cross-Cultural Teaching

173

(1)

How Is Cross-Cultural Teaching Different?

173

(1)

What Does Successful Cross-Cultural Teaching Look Like?

174

(2)

Bilingualism

176

(3)

Classroom Management and Interactional Style

179

(2)

Avoiding the Stereotyping of Individual Group Members

181

(3)

Immersion Experiences

184

(3)

Reflection Questions and Creative Problem Solving

187

(1)

Summary

187

(2)

Introduction to Chapters 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14

189

(1)

Chapter 10 Working with Latinola Students: An Interview with Aurora Cedillo

190

(18)

Demographics

190

(1)

Family and Cultural Values

191

(3)

Our Interviewee

194

(1)

The Interview

194

(14)

Chapter 11 Working with Native American Students: An Interview with Jack Lawson

208

(21)

Demographics

208

(1)

Family and Cultural Values

209

(3)

Our Interviewee

212

(1)

The Interview

212

(17)

Chapter 12 Working with African American Students: An Interview with William Cross

229

(30)

Demographics

229

(1)

Family and Cultural Values

230

(4)

Our Interviewee

234

(1)

The Interview

235

(24)

Chapter 13 Working with Asian American Students: An Interview with Valerie Ooka Pang

259

(18)

Demographics

259

(2)

Family and Cultural Values

261

(2)

Our Interviewee

263

(1)

The Interview

263

(14)

Chapter 14 Working with White Ethnic Students: An Interview with Rachel Israel

277

(18)

Demographics and Cultural Similarities

277

(3)

Our Interviewee

280

(1)

The Interview

280

(15)

References

295

(13)

Index

308

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Cultural Competence A Primer for Educators (with InfoTrac)

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials