Cultural Diversity

With CULTURAL DIVERSITY: A PRIMER FOR THE HUMAN SERVICES, you'll find the tools you need to become a successful and effective counselor. This innovative book covers a range of topics ranging from the general principles of cultural diversity, to how to work with clients from various cultures. This is the perfect text to prepare you for a successful counseling career!

Introduction

1

(7)

What It Means to Be Culturally Competent

8

(18)

Reactions to the Changing Demographics

9

(1)

A Model of Cultural Competence

10

(10)

Basic Assumptions

10

(2)

Assessing Agency Cultural Competence

12

(1)

Individual Cultural Competence Skill Areas

13

(1)

Awareness and Acceptance of Differences

13

(1)

Self-Awareness

14

(1)

Dynamics of Difference

15

(1)

Knowledge of the Client's Culture

15

(1)

Adaptation of Skills

16

(1)

Defining Professional Standards

16

(4)

Why Become Culturally Competent?

20

(1)

The Fear and Pain Associated With Moving Toward Cultural Competence

21

(3)

A Word to the Reader

24

(2)

Understanding Racism and Prejudice

26

(21)

Defining and Contextualizing Racism

27

(2)

Individual Racism and Prejudice

29

(5)

Traits and Tendencies Supporting Racism and Prejudice

29

(2)

Psychological Theories of Prejudice

31

(2)

Implications for Providers

33

(1)

Institutional Racism

34

(6)

Determining Institutional Racism

35

(1)

Consciousness, Intent, and Denial

36

(1)

A Case Study

37

(2)

Implications for Providers

39

(1)

Cultural Racism

40

(2)

Implications for Providers

41

(1)

A Self-Assessment

42

(5)

Exercise 1

42

(1)

Exercise 2

43

(1)

Exercise 3

43

(1)

Exercise 4

44

(1)

Exercise 5

45

(2)

Understanding Culture and Cultural Differences

47

(19)

What Is Culture?

48

(1)

Culture Versus Race in the Definition of Group Differences

49

(1)

The Dimensions of Culture

50

(2)

Comparing Cultural Paradigms in America

52

(4)

Nature and the Environment

53

(1)

Time Orientation

53

(1)

People Relations

54

(1)

Work and Activity

54

(1)

Human Nature

55

(1)

A Case of Cross-Cultural Miscommunication

56

(2)

Are Theories of Helping Culture-Bound?

58

(1)

Key Aspects of the Helping Process

58

(4)

Verbal Expressiveness and Self-Disclosure

59

(1)

Long-Term Goals

59

(1)

Changing the Client Versus Changing the Environment

60

(1)

Definitions of Mental Health

61

(1)

Conflicting Strategies Over Cross-Cultural Service Models

62

(4)

Ethnic Children, Parenting, and Families

66

(25)

Three Scenarios

67

(1)

Ethnic Children

68

(8)

Temperament at Birth

68

(1)

Development of Racial Identity

69

(1)

Racial Identity and Self-Esteem

69

(1)

The Usefulness of a Dual Perspective

70

(1)

Clarifying the Question

71

(2)

Formation of Adolescent Identity

73

(1)

Academic Performance and Learning Styles

74

(2)

Ethnic Parenting

76

(5)

Creating a Buffer Zone

76

(1)

Preparing the Child Cognitively for Racism

77

(2)

Preparing the Child Emotionally for Racism

79

(2)

Ethnic Families

81

(3)

Family Therapy With African Americans

82

(1)

Kinship Bonds

82

(1)

Role Flexibility

82

(2)

Religion

84

(1)

Bicultural Families

84

(7)

Bicultural Couples

85

(2)

Patterns of Bicultural Marital Discord

87

(1)

Bicultural Children

88

(2)

Adopted Children

90

(1)

Mental Health Issues

91

(20)

Ethnic Identity and Group Belonging

92

(4)

The Inner Dynamics of Ethnic Identity

93

(1)

Models of Ethnic Identity Development

94

(2)

Assimilation and Acculturation

96

(4)

Views of Acculturation

97

(1)

Immigration and Acculturation

98

(1)

Acculturation and Community Breakdown

99

(1)

Stress

100

(1)

Unresolved Trauma and Historic Grief

101

(3)

Drug and Alcohol Use

104

(7)

Comparing Latinos/as and Asian Americans

108

(1)

The Cultural Meaning of Recovery

109

(2)

Bias in Service Delivery

111

(20)

The Impact of Social, Political, and Racial Attitudes

114

(1)

Who Are the Providers?

115

(5)

Underrepresentation in the Professions

115

(1)

Dissatisfaction Among Providers of Color

116

(2)

The Use of Paraprofessionals

118

(1)

The Use of Traditional Healers

118

(2)

Cultural Aspects of Mental Health Service Delivery

120

(11)

Bias in Conceptualizing Ethnic Populations

120

(3)

Bias in Assessment

123

(3)

Bias in Diagnosis

126

(1)

Cultural Variations in Psychopathology

126

(1)

Cultural Attitudes Toward Mental Health

126

(1)

Cultural Differences in Symptoms, Disorders, and Pathology

127

(1)

The Case of Suicide

128

(3)

Critical Issues in Working With Culturally Different Clients

131

(10)

Preparing for Cross-Cultural Work

131

(2)

How Is Cross-Cultural Helping Different?

133

(1)

Assessing Culturally Different Clients

134

(1)

Establishing Rapport and the First Session

135

(2)

Additional Suggestions for Preparation and Support

137

(1)

Avoiding the Stereotyping of Individual Group Members

138

(2)

Introduction to Chapters 9--12

140

(1)

Working With Latino/a Clients: An Interview With Inez Souza

141

(18)

The Interview

142

(17)

Working With Native American Clients: An Interview With Jack Lawson

159

(15)

The Interview

160

(14)

Working With African American Clients: An Interview With Jimmie Turner

174

(15)

The Interview

175

(14)

Working With Asian American Clients: An Interview With Dan Hocoy

189

(17)

The Interview

190

(16)

Working With Whites and White Ethnic Clients

206

(17)

Racial Consciousness Among Whites

207

(6)

White Privilege

207

(2)

A Model of Racial Attitude Types

209

(2)

A Model of White Identity Development

211

(1)

Identity Development in the Classroom

212

(1)

White Ethnics

213

(10)

Some Personal Reflections on White Ethnicity

215

(3)

The Nature of White Ethnic Identity

218

(1)

White Ethnic Culture

219

(2)

Mental Health Issues

221

(1)

White Ethnic Identity Conflicts and Ethnotherapy

221

(2)

References

223

(12)

Index

235

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials