Current Topics in Developmental Biology

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ISBN: 9780121531768 | 0121531767
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/18/2006

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In keeping with the tradition of excellence of past volumes of the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, this volume provides a comprehensive survey of major issues at the forefront of modern developmental biology and regenerative medicine. Astonishing discoveries are presented in thoughtful and forward-looking articles.

Contributors	p. ix
BMP Signaling in the Cartilage Growth Plate
Introduction	p. 2
Signaling Pathways Regulating Chondrogenesis	p. 5
Overview of the BMP Signaling Pathway	p. 8
Regulation of TGF-[Beta]/BMP Signaling	p. 10
Expression of TGF-[Beta] Superfamily Members, Their Receptors, and Inhibitors in Precartilaginous and Cartilaginous Elements	p. 14
TGF-[Beta]s and BMPs in Chondrogenesis	p. 16
Downstream Effectors of BMP Signaling: Smads and p38	p. 25
Interactions with Other Signaling Pathways	p. 28
Perspectives	p. 32
Acknowledgments	p. 35
References	p. 35
The CLIP-170 Orthologue Bik1p and Positioning the Mitotic Spindle in Yeast
Introduction	p. 50
Structure of the Bik1 Protein	p. 50
Bik1p Interactions with Other Proteins	p. 60
Phenotypes and Activities	p. 61
Role of Bik1p in Spindle Positioning	p. 63
Models for Plus-End Binding	p. 70
Regulation of CLIP-170 and Bik1p by Phosphorylation	p. 75
Bik1p at the Kinetochore	p. 76
Bik1p in Genomic Studies	p. 76
Concluding Remarks and Perspective	p. 78
Acknowledgments	p. 79
References	p. 79
Aggregate-Prone Proteins Are Cleared from the Cytosol by Autophagy: Therapeutic Implications
Proteinopathies	p. 90
Intracytoplasmic Aggregate-Prone Proteins Are Cleared by Autophagy	p. 93
Autophagy Induction Has Additional Antiapoptotic Consequences	p. 95
A New mTOR-Independent Autophagy Pathway	p. 95
A Protective Role for Aggregates: Autophagy Upregulation	p. 97
Conclusions	p. 98
Acknowledgments	p. 98
References	p. 99
Wnt Signaling: A Key Regulator of Bone Mass
Introduction	p. 104
The Wnt Signaling Pathway	p. 105
LRP5 and -6: Structure and Function	p. 108
Human Genetic Evidence for the Role of Wnt Signaling in Bone Metabolism	p. 110
How Is the HBM Mutation Constitutively Activating LRP5 and Wnt Signaling?	p. 111
Mouse Genetics Confirms the Essential Role of the Wnt/[Beta]-Catenin Pathway in Bone	p. 112
How Is Wnt Signaling Affecting Bone Homeostasis?	p. 115
Effects of Wnts on Osteoblasts	p. 116
Is the Wnt Pathway the Final Common Pathway of Bone Morphogens?	p. 117
Is Wnt Signaling the Pathway Linking Mechanosensing to Bone Remodeling?	p. 119
Pharmacological Manipulation of Wnt Signaling in Bone	p. 120
Conclusion and Perspectives	p. 121
References	p. 121
Eukaryotic DNA Replication in a Chromatin Context
Chromatin Structure Regulates Access to the DNA	p. 130
Replication Origins and Origin-Binding Proteins	p. 137
Assembly of the Prereplication Complex on Chromatin	p. 144
Origin Activation and Replication	p. 150
Replication Elongation Through Chromatin	p. 154
Conclusions	p. 162
Acknowledgments	p. 162
References	p. 163
The Regulatory Network Controlling the Proliferation-Meiotic Entry Decision in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germ Line
Introduction	p. 186
Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Proliferation and Initiation of Meiotic Development	p. 187
Summary of the Core Regulatory Pathway Controlling the Proliferation-Meiotic Development Decision	p. 192
Control of the Adult Pattern of Proliferation and Meiotic Entry	p. 196
Regulation of the Activity of the GLD-1 and GLD-2 Pathways	p. 200
Additional Components and Pathways Regulating the Proliferation-Meiotic Entry Decision	p. 206
Conclusions	p. 210
Acknowledgments	p. 211
References	p. 211
Regulation of Angiogenesis by Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors
Introduction	p. 218
Mechanisms of Angiogenesis	p. 219
The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Family	p. 221
The Role of HIF in Developmental Angiogenesis	p. 228
The Role of HIF in Adult Tissues	p. 231
HIF and Ischemic Injury	p. 232
HIF and Cancer	p. 234
Conclusions	p. 240
Acknowledgments	p. 241
References	p. 241
Index	p. 259
Contents of Previous Volumes	p. 273
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