Designer Surfaces

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ISBN: 9780444530486 | 0444530487
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 7/15/2008

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This book presents an approach to the design and fabrication of optical elements that are based on the use of one- or two-dimensional randomly rough surfaces to reflect or transmit light in specified ways. The reader is provided with an introduction to analytical methods for the solution of direct problems in rough surface scattering, and fabrication techniques. These can be useful in contexts outside the scope of this book. The advantages and disadvantages of this stochastic approach compared to the diffractive optics approach are discussed. Finally, experimental results that verify the predictions of the theories developed in this book are presented. - authority of authors - the only book on the topic - derivations are given in detail, with many figures illustrating results

Dedication	p. v
Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
References for Chapter 1	p. 3
One-Dimensional Surfaces	p. 5
Perfectly Conducting Surfaces	p. 6
Scattering Theory	p. 6
The Scattered Field	p. 8
The Mean Differential Reflection Coefficient	p. 12
The Equations Satisfied by the Source Functions	p. 14
The Kirchhoff Approximation and its Geometrical Optics Limit	p. 16
A Surface that Produces a Prescribed Angular Dependence of the Mean Intensity of the Field Scattered from It	p. 20
A Stationary Surface	p. 20
A Nonstationary Surface	p. 24
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 28
Computer Simulations	p. 29
The Kirchhoff Approximation	p. 35
Results	p. 35
A Band-Limited Uniform Diffuser	p. 36
A Lambertian Diffuser	p. 43
A Surface that Suppresses Single-Scattering Processes	p. 46
Penetrable Surfaces	p. 49
Scattering Theory	p. 50
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 53
Computer Simulations	p. 54
The Kirchhoff Approximation	p. 61
Results	p. 62
A Band-Limited Uniform Diffuser	p. 62
A Lambertian Diffuser	p. 67
A Surface that Suppresses Single-Scattering Processes	p. 69
A Random Surface that Suppresses Leakage	p. 71
Surface Plasmon Polaritons	p. 72
Leakage	p. 74
The Incident Field	p. 75
The Scattered Field	p. 77
The Random Surface	p. 82
Generation of a One-Dimensional Random Surface	p. 84
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 88
An Approximate Analytical Solution	p. 89
Numerical Simulations	p. 91
Results	p. 93
Surfaces that Display Enhanced Backscattering for Only a Single Specified Angle of Incidence	p. 94
Surfaces that Synthesize Infrared Absorption Spectra	p. 100
Random Surfaces	p. 102
The Scattered Field	p. 102
The Mean Scattered Intensity	p. 105
Determination of f([gamma]) from [vertical bar]F([nu])[vertical bar]	p. 108
The Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 111
Example	p. 118
Deterministic Surfaces	p. 122
Surfaces that Produce Specified Thermal Emissivities	p. 128
Scattering Theory	p. 129
The Reflectivity	p. 133
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 133
Example	p. 133
Control of the Coherence of the Light Scattered	p. 135
Coherence of Light	p. 135
Schell-Model Sources	p. 136
An Incident Beam of General Form	p. 137
Design of a Surface that Acts as a Schell-Model Source	p. 139
Example	p. 144
Evolution of the Scattered Field	p. 145
A Gaussian Incident Beam	p. 148
Evolution of the Scattered Field	p. 148
Examples	p. 149
Transformations of the Incident Beam	p. 150
Surfaces that Produce a Prescribed Angular Dependence	p. 154
Scattering Theory	p. 155
The Scattered and Transmitted Fields	p. 157
The Mean Differential Reflection and Transmission Coefficients	p. 160
The Equations Satisfied by the Source Functions	p. 164
The Kirchhoff Approximation and its Geometrical Optics Limit	p. 165
The Inverse Problem	p. 168
Solution of the Transmission Problem	p. 172
Computer Simulations	p. 172
The Kirchhoff Approximation	p. 174
Example: A Band-Limited Uniform Diffuser	p. 175
Replacement of Ensemble Averaging by the Use of a Broadband Incident Field in Calculations	p. 179
The Incident Field	p. 180
The Scattered Field	p. 182
Examples	p. 185
The Intensity of the Scattered Field	p. 185
The Differential Reflection Coefficient	p. 186
Fabrication of One-Dimensional Surfaces	p. 191
Experimental Results	p. 193
References for Chapter 2	p. 196
Two-Dimensional Surfaces	p. 201
The Design of Two-Dimensional Randomly Rough Surfaces	p. 202
The Scattering Problem	p. 202
The Incident and Scattered Fields	p. 203
The Mean Differential Reflection Coefficient	p. 206
The Equations Satisfied by the Source Functions	p. 210
The Kirchhoff Approximation and its Geometrical Optics Limit	p. 211
The Design of a Two-Dimensional Randomly Rough Surface that Acts as a Band-Limited Uniform Diffuser Within a Rectangular Domain of Scattering Angles	p. 215
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 218
Results	p. 222
Experimental Results	p. 222
The Design of Two-Dimensional Randomly Rough Surfaces that Produce a Scattered Field with Circular Symmetry	p. 224
The Random Surface and its Statistical Properties	p. 224
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 227
Results	p. 233
Discussion	p. 237
The Design of Two-Dimensional Randomly Rough Surfaces, Formed from Triangular Facets, that Scatter Light in a Prescribed Fashion	p. 241
The Random Surface and its Statistical Properties	p. 241
Construction of the Surface	p. 249
The Kirchhoff Approximation	p. 252
Results: Non-Normal Incidence	p. 254
Results: Normal Incidence	p. 260
Random Diffusers that Extend the Depth of Focus	p. 275
Diffusers that Produce a Prescribed Distribution of the Mean Intensity Along the Optical Axis	p. 276
Three-Dimensional Distribution of the Mean Intensity in the Neighborhood of the Focus	p. 281
Example	p. 282
A Two-Dimensional Randomly Rough Surface that Acts as a Gaussian Schell-Model Source	p. 284
The Cross-Spectral Density in Fourier Space for a Gaussian Schell-Model Source	p. 286
A Surface Formed from Triangular Facets	p. 289
Solution of the Scattering Problem	p. 294
Results	p. 296
A Gaussian Random Surface	p. 296
The Mean Intensity of the Scattered Field	p. 299
Results	p. 301
Fabrication of Circularly-Symmetric Surfaces	p. 302
References for Chapter 3	p. 304
Conclusions and Outlook	p. 307
References for Chapter 4	p. 309
The Kernels in the Integral Equations (2.8.77)-(2.8.80)	p. 311
The Matrix Elements Entering Eqs. (2.8.77)-(2.8.80)	p. 313
The Singularity in G[subscript l](r[vertical bar]r')	p. 315
Subject Index	p. 321
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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