The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence

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ISBN: 9780716770503 | 0716770504
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 10/19/2005

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Edition after edition, Kathleen Stassen Berger'sThe Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescencere-emerges as the ideal textbook for the chronologically-organized development coursea perennial bestseller that always provides an authoritative portrait of the field, carefully crafted learning tools, and a narrative style and emphasis on cultural contexts that make the material relevant to its broad student audience. The new edition continues that tradition, incorporating the latest research, while providing deeper consideration of the impact of diversity on development, and a new generation of media tools.

Preface

xiii

Part I The Beginnings

Introduction

(30)

Defining Development

(1)

Five Characteristics of Development

(12)

Multidirectional

(1)

Multicontextual

(2)

Multicultural

(1)

Multidisciplinary

(2)

Plasticity

(1)

A Case to Study: My Nephew David

(1)

The Person Within the Contexts

(1)

Issues and Applications: ``My Name Wasn't Mary''

(2)

Developmental Study as a Science

(10)

Observation

(2)

The Experiment

(1)

The Survey

(1)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Ethnicity, Race, Culture, and Income

(1)

The Case Study

(1)

Studying Change Over Time

(4)

The Ecological-Systems Approach: A Synthesis

(1)

Cautions from Science

(7)

Correlation and Causation

(1)

Quantity and Quality

(1)

Ethics

(5)

Theories of Development

(30)

What Theories Do

(1)

Grand Theories

(22)

Psychoanalytic Theory

(3)

Behaviorism

(3)

Thinking Like a Scientist: What's a Mother For?

(3)

Cognitive Theory

(3)

Emergent Theories

(1)

Sociocultural Theory

(3)

Epigenetic Theory

(4)

In Person: My Beautiful, Hairless Babies

(2)

What Theories Contribute

(7)

The Nature-Nurture Controversy

(1)

Theoretical Perspectives on Hyperactivity and Homosexuality

(6)

Heredity and Environment

(32)

The Genetic Code

(5)

What Genes Are

(2)

The Beginnings of Life

(2)

Issues and Applications: Too Many Boys?

(1)

From One Cell to Many

(9)

New Cells, New Functions

(1)

Gene-Gene Interactions

(3)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Genetic Diversity

(1)

Twins and Clones

(2)

In Person: Enhancing Fertility

(2)

From Genotype to Phenotype

(6)

Exploring Genotype--Phenotype Interaction

(1)

Psychopathology

(1)

Addiction

(2)

Visual Acuity

(1)

Practical Applications

(1)

Chromosomal and Genetic Abnormalities

(12)

Not Exactly 46 Chromosomes

(1)

Single-Gene Disorders

(4)

Genetic Testing and Counseling

(6)

Prenatal Development and Birth

(34)

From Zygote to Newborn

(7)

Germinal: The First 14 Days

(2)

Embryo: From the Third Through the Eighth Week

(1)

Fetus: From the Ninth Week Until Birth

100

(4)

Risk Reduction

104

(13)

Determining Risk

105

(3)

Specific Teratogens

108

(2)

Issues and Applications: Should the Government Protect Fetuses from AIDS and Alcohol?

110

(2)

Knowledge and Responsibility

112

(1)

A Case to Study: ``What Do People Live to Do?''

113

(1)

A Case to Study: ``What Did That Say About Me?''

114

(1)

Low Birthweight

115

(2)

The Birth Process

117

(14)

The Newborn's First Minutes

118

(1)

Variations

119

(2)

Birth Complications

121

(2)

Mothers, Fathers, and a Good Start

123

(8)

Part II The First Two Years: Infants and Toddlers

The First Two Years: Biosocial Development

131

(34)

Body Changes

131

(7)

Body Size

131

(2)

A Case to Study: Toni's Well-Child Visit

133

(1)

Sleep

134

(4)

Brain Development

138

(8)

Connections in the Brain

138

(3)

Experience Enhances the Brain

141

(3)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Plasticity and Orphans

144

(2)

The Senses and Motor Skills

146

(8)

Sensation and Perception

149

(1)

Motor Skills

149

(4)

In Person: The Normal Berger Daughters

153

(1)

Public Health Measures

154

(11)

Immunization

155

(2)

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

157

(2)

Nutrition

159

(6)

The First Two Years: Cognitive Development

165

(26)

Sensorimotor Intelligence

165

(7)

Stages One and Two: Primary Circular Reactions

166

(1)

Stages Three and Four: Secondary Circular Reactions

167

(1)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Object Permanence Revisited

168

(1)

Stages Five and Six: Tertiary Circular Reactions

169

(1)

Piaget and Research Methodology

170

(2)

Information Processing

172

(6)

Affordances

172

(3)

Memory

175

(3)

Language: What Develops in Two Years?

178

(13)

The Universal Sequence

178

(2)

The Language Explosion and Early Grammar

180

(2)

Theories of Language Learning

182

(5)

A Note for Caregivers

187

(4)

The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development

191

(32)

A Case to Study: Parents on Autopilot

192

(1)

Emotional Development

192

(4)

The First Year

192

(1)

The Second Year

193

(3)

Theories About Infant Psychosocial Development

196

(7)

Psychoanalytic Theory

196

(1)

Behaviorism

197

(1)

Cognitive Theory

198

(1)

Epigenetic Theory

198

(2)

Sociocultural Theory

200

(3)

The Development of Social Bonds

203

(12)

Synchrony

203

(2)

Thinking Like a Scientist: The Still-Face Technique

205

(1)

Attachment

206

(4)

Social Referencing

210

(2)

Infant Day Care

212

(3)

Conclusions in Theory and Practice

215

(8)

A Practical Approach for Toni

216

(1)

A Practical Approach for Jacob

216

(7)

Part III The Play Years

The Play Years: Biosocial Development

223

(30)

Body Changes

223

(4)

Growth Patterns

223

(2)

Eating Habits

225

(2)

Brain Development

227

(7)

Speed of Thought

227

(2)

Planning and Analyzing

229

(2)

Emotions and the Brain

231

(3)

Motor Skills and Hazards

234

(7)

Gross Motor Skills

234

(1)

Fine Motor Skills

235

(2)

Avoidable Injuries

237

(3)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Pool Fences Required?

240

(1)

Child Maltreatment

241

(12)

Maltreatment Noticed and Defined

242

(1)

Warning Signs of Maltreatment

243

(2)

A Case to Study: The Neglect of Neglect

245

(1)

Consequences of Maltreatment

246

(1)

Three Levels of Prevention, Again

247

(6)

The Play Years: Cognitive Development

253

(32)

Piaget: Children as Thinkers

254

(3)

Obstacles to Logical Operations

254

(1)

Conservation and Logic

255

(1)

Limitations of Piaget's Research

256

(1)

Vygotsky: Children as Learners

257

(4)

Children as Apprentices

258

(1)

Language as a Tool

259

(2)

Children's Theories

261

(5)

Theory-Theory

262

(1)

Theory of Mind

263

(3)

Language

266

(9)

Vocabulary

267

(1)

In Person: Fast-Mapping: Mommy the Brat

268

(2)

Grammar

270

(1)

Learning Two Languages

271

(4)

Early-Childhood Education

275

(10)

Child-Centered Programs

275

(3)

Teacher-Directed Programs

278

(1)

Intervention Programs

279

(1)

Quality Matters

280

(5)

The Play Years: Psychosocial Development

285

(40)

Emotional Development

285

(10)

Initiative Versus Guilt

286

(2)

Emotional Regulation

288

(4)

Cognition and Emotions

292

(3)

Play

295

(5)

Rough-and-Tumble Play

296

(1)

Creativity

297

(1)

Aggression

298

(2)

Parents

300

(11)

Parenting Style

301

(3)

Punishment

304

(2)

Issues and Applications: Planning Punishment

306

(1)

The Challenge of Media

307

(4)

Becoming Boys and Girls

311

(14)

The Development of Gender Awareness

311

(1)

Theories of Gender Differences

312

(1)

In Person: Berger and Freud

313

(5)

Conclusion: Gender and Destiny

318

(7)

Part IV The School Years

The School Years: Biosocial Development

325

(32)

A Case to Study: Two Hispanic Children: Typical or Unique?

326

(1)

A Healthy Time

327

(6)

Size and Shape

327

(1)

Overweight Children

328

(3)

Chronic Illness

331

(2)

Brain Development

333

(10)

Advances in Middle Childhood

333

(2)

Motor Skills

335

(1)

Issues and Applications: Not Enough Places to Play

336

(3)

Measuring the Mind

339

(4)

Children with Special Needs

343

(14)

A Case to Study: Billy: Dynamo or Dynamite?

343

(1)

Developmental Psychopathology

344

(1)

Pervasive Developmental Delays

345

(2)

Learning Disabilities

347

(2)

Attention-Deficit Disorders

349

(2)

Educating Children with Special Needs

351

(6)

The School Years: Cognitive Development

357

(38)

Building on Piaget and Vygotsky

357

(9)

Logical Principles

358

(2)

The Same in Every Nation?

360

(2)

Moral Development

362

(4)

Information Processing

366

(8)

Memory

367

(2)

Control Processes

369

(1)

Metacognition

370

(1)

The Pragmatics of Language

371

(3)

Teaching and Learning

374

(21)

Around the World

375

(2)

Assessment

377

(3)

Curriculum Wars and Assumptions

380

(2)

In Person: When Did You Learn Tsunami?

382

(7)

Culture and Education

389

(6)

The School Years: Psychosocial Development

395

(36)

The Peer Group

395

(11)

The Culture of Children

396

(3)

Variations in Social Acceptance

399

(3)

Bullies and Their Victims

402

(2)

Issues and Applications: Can Bullying Be Stopped?

404

(2)

Families and Children

406

(10)

Children Need Families

406

(1)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Shared and Nonshared Environments

407

(2)

Families Are Not the Same

409

(3)

Sources of Trouble for Families

412

(3)

Issues and Applications: Divorce and Remarriage

415

(1)

The Nature of the Child

416

(3)

Psychoanalytic Theory

417

(1)

Research on Middle Childhood

417

(2)

Coping and Overcoming

419

(12)

Resilience and Stress

419

(4)

Social Support and Religious Faith

423

(8)

Part V Adolescence

Adolescence: Biosocial Development

431

(34)

Puberty Begins

432

(7)

Hormones

433

(2)

The Timing of Puberty

435

(3)

Too Early, Too Late

438

(1)

The Transformations of Puberty

439

(6)

Bigger and Stronger

439

(1)

Other Body Changes

440

(1)

Body Rhythms

441

(1)

A Case to Study: The Early Bird Is a Grown-Up

442

(1)

Sexual Maturation

443

(2)

Brain Development in Adolescence

445

(4)

Caution Versus Thrill Seeking

446

(2)

Connections: Some Faster, Some Lost, Some Enduring

448

(1)

Health Hazards

449

(16)

Injury and Death

450

(1)

Sex Too Early

450

(4)

Drug Use

454

(4)

Diet and Disease

458

(2)

A Case to Study: ``Too Thin, As If That's Possible''

460

(5)

Adolescence: Cognitive Development

465

(30)

Adolescent Egocentrism

465

(7)

Self-Important Thinking

466

(2)

In Person: Bethany and Jim

468

(1)

Teaching and Learning in Middle School

469

(3)

Thinking Processes During the Teen Years

472

(9)

Formal Operational Thought

472

(3)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Religious Freedom for All?

475

(1)

Intuitive, Emotional Thought

476

(5)

Teaching and Learning in High School

481

(6)

High-Stakes Testing

481

(2)

Student Motivation

483

(2)

Violence in Schools

485

(2)

Postformal Thought

487

(8)

Emotions and Logic

487

(1)

Cognitive Flexibility

488

(1)

Thinking Like a Scientist: Stereotype Threat

488

(1)

Teaching and Learning in College

489

(6)

Adolescence: Psychosocial Development

495

Identity

495

(10)

Multiple Selves

496

(1)

Paths to Identity

496

(2)

A Case to Study: ``Give Him a Break''

498

(1)

Arenas of Identity: Change and Progress

499

(6)

Social Support

505

Support from Adults

505

(4)

Peer Relationships

509

(1)

In Person: The Berger Women Have Weird Rituals

510

(4)

Teenage Sexual Activity

514

(6)

Sadness and Anger

520

(1)

Less Confidence

520

(5)

More Destruction

525

(2)

Conclusion

527

Appendix A Supplemental Charts, Graphs, and Tables

(1)

Appendix B More About Research Methods

(1)

Appendix C Suggestions for Research Assignments

(1)

Glossary

(1)

References

(1)

Name Index

(1)

Subject Index

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The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence

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The Developing Person Through Childhood and Adolescence

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