Development of Cardiovascular Systems: Molecules to Organisms

, by Edited by Warren W. Burggren , Bradley B. Keller , Foreword by Constance Weinstein

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ISBN: 9780521560726 | 0521560721
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/13/1998

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This book is a unique overview of cardiovascular development from the cellular to the organ level across a broad range of species. The first section focuses on the molecular, cellular, and integrative mechanisms that determine cardiovascular development. The second section has eight chapters that summarise cardiovascular development in invertebrate and vertebrate systems. The third section discusses the effects of disease and environmental and morphogenetic influences on non-mammalian and mammalian cardiovascular development. It includes strategies for the management of congenital cardiovascular malformations in utero and postnatally. The book will interest graduate students and researchers who work in the fields of developmental biology, physiology, and molecular and paediatric cardiology.

List of contributors

(3)

Foreword

xiii

Constance Weinstein

Introduction: Why study cardiovascular development?

(6)

Warren W. Burggren

Bradley B. Keller

The primacy of the developing cardiovascular system

(1)

The rationale for this book

(1)

The scope and content of this book

(5)

Part I Molecular, cellular, and integrative mechanisms determining cardiovascular development

(94)

1 Genetic dissection of heart development

(11)

Jau-Nian Chen

Mark C. Fishman

Introduction

(1)

Drosophila: The power of genetic screens in invertebrates

(4)

The mouse: The power of gene knockout

(3)

The zebra fish: The power of genetic screens of a vertebrate

(3)

Summary

(1)

2 Cardiac membrane structure and function

(9)

Lynn Mahony

The developing sarcolemma

(2)

The transverse tubule system

(1)

Mitochondria

(1)

The sarcoplasmic reticulum

(1)

Resting and action potentials

(1)

Excitation-contraction coupling

(1)

Relaxation

(2)

Conclusion

(1)

3 Development of the myocardial contractile system

(8)

Anne M. Murphy

Mechanisms for diversity in contractile protein isoforms

(1)

The contractile process

(6)

Conclusions and future directions

(1)

4 Vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in the developing heart

(8)

Robert J. Tomanek

Anna Ratajska

Precoronary events

(1)

Precursor cells and early vascularization

(2)

The coronary arterial system

(1)

Postnatal vascular growth

(1)

Regulation of coronary vascularization

(2)

Unanswered questions

(1)

5 Extracellular matrix maturation and heart formation

(14)

Wayne Carver

Louis Terracio

Thomas K. Borg

Introduction

(3)

Cardiac cushion formation

(1)

Matrix receptors

(1)

Cardiac cushion maturation

(2)

Three-dimensional organization of heart cells

(1)

Myofibrillogenesis

(2)

Neonatal heart development

(1)

Proteoglycans

(3)

Conclusions and future directions

(2)

6 Endothelial cell development and its role in pathogenesis

(8)

Jackson Wong

Introduction

(1)

Endothelial cell development

(4)

The role of the extracellular matrix in pathogenesis

(3)

The unanswered questions

(1)

7 Embryonic cardiovascular function, coupling, and maturation: A species view

(23)

Bradley B. Keller

Introduction: Scope and definitions

(1)

Embryonic cardiovascular morphometry

(2)

Embryonic cardiovascular functional maturation: An overview

(1)

Atrial function

(5)

Ventricular function

(8)

Ventricular-vascular coupling

(4)

Functional consequences of ventricular growth acceleration

(1)

Functional consequences of ventricular growth deceleration

(1)

Cardiovascular consequences of autonomic nervous maturation

(1)

Embryonic cardiac mechanics

(1)

Significance and future directions of research

(1)

8 Hormonal systems regulating the developing cardiovascular system

(13)

Makoto Nakazawa

Fusae Kajio

Introduction

(1)

Catecholamines and their effects

(5)

Atrial natriuretic peptide and its effects

(2)

Endothelin-1

(1)

Conclusions and future directions

(4)

Part II Species diversity in cardiovascular development

101

(126)

9 Evolution of cardiovascular systems: Insights into ontogeny

101

(13)

Anthony P. Farrell

Introduction

101

(1)

Common solutions to common problems

102

(2)

The evolution of cardiovascular systems

104

(2)

Vertebrate cardiovascular evolution

106

(3)

Mammalian cardiac development

109

(2)

Forming a divided heart

111

(2)

The coronary circulation

113

(1)

Future directions

113

(1)

10 Morphogenesis of vertebrate hearts

114

(13)

Jose M. Icardo

The origin of the heart and early morphogenesis

114

(3)

Heart induction

117

(1)

Heart differentiation

118

(2)

Differentiation and morphogenesis

120

(1)

The cardiac loop

120

(5)

Unanswered questions and some critiques

125

(2)

11 Invertebrate cardiovascular development

127

(18)

Brian R. McMahon

George B. Bourne

Ka Hou Chu

Introduction

127

(1)

Annelida

127

(3)

Arthropoda

130

(7)

Mollusca

137

(3)

Echinodermata

140

(2)

Hemichordata

142

(1)

Urochordata

142

(2)

Concluding remarks

144

(1)

12 Piscine cardiovascular development

145

(21)

Peter J. Rombough

Introduction

145

(1)

Morphogenesis

145

(8)

Physiology

153

(8)

Adaptive responses

161

(3)

Concluding remarks

164

(2)

13 Amphibian cardiovascular development

166

(17)

Warren W. Burggren

Regina Fritsche

Introduction

166

(1)

Cardiovascular anatomy of amphibians

166

(5)

Hemodynamic maturation

171

(8)

Diffusive versus convective oxygen delivery in early amphibian embryos: Do vertebrate embryos need hearts?

179

(1)

Developmental plasticity of the amphibian cardiovascular and respiratory systems

180

(2)

A perspective on future research

182

(1)

14 Reptilian cardiovascular development

183

(10)

Stephen J. Warburton

Introduction

183

(1)

Structural development of the circulatory system

184

(4)

Extraembryonic vessels

188

(1)

Erythrocyte and hemoglobin function

188

(1)

Cardiovascular responses to hypoxia

189

(1)

Reptilian development and insights into vertebrate embryonic cardiovascular function

190

(3)

15 Avian cardiovascular development

193

(18)

Hiroshi Tazawa

Ping-Chun Lucy Hou

Introduction

193

(1)

Embryogenesis and development of the chick heart

194

(2)

Developmental pattern of cardiovascular variables

196

(8)

Model analysis of cardiovascular shunts and cardiac output in the late embryo

204

(4)

Concluding remarks and perspective

208

(3)

16 Mammalian cardiovascular development: Physiology and functional reserve of the fetal heart

211

(16)

Kent L. Thornburg

George D. Giraud

Mark D. Reller

Mark J. Morton

Functional adaptations of fetal ventricles

211

(5)

Adaptations of the fetal coronary tree

216

(6)

Summary and future directions

222

(5)

Part III Environment and disease in cardiovascular development

227

(58)

17 Oxygen, temperature, and pH influences on the development of nonmammalian embryos and larvae

227

(13)

Bernd Pelster

Introduction

227

(1)

Hypoxia

227

(7)

Temperature

234

(4)

Salinity and pH

238

(1)

Conclusion

238

(2)

18 Modeling gas exchange in embryos, larvae, and fetuses

240

(19)

Alan W. Pinder

Introduction

240

(4)

Gas exchange models for developing vertebrates

244

(13)

Summary and a perspective

257

(2)

19 Principles of abnormal cardiac development

259

(9)

Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot

Robert E. Poelmann

Introduction

259

(1)

The paradox of the double-outlet right ventricle

259

(7)

Future directions

266

(2)

20 In utero and postnatal interventions for congenital cardiovascular malformations

268

(13)

V. Mohan Reddy

Frank L. Hanley

Introduction

268

(1)

Fetal cardiovascular physiology

268

(2)

Transitional circulation

270

(3)

Myocardial development

273

(1)

Postnatal intervention

273

(4)

In utero interventions

277

(4)

21 Applying the science of cardiovascular development to congenital cardiovascular malformations

281

(4)

Edward B. Clark

Introduction

281

(1)

Cardiac development and the genetic etiology of congenital cardiovascular malformations

282

(1)

Cardiovascular development and surgical therapy

282

(1)

Cardiovascular development and opportunities for prevention of congenital cardiovascular malformations

283

(2)

Epilogue: Future directions in developmental cardiovascular sciences

285

(2)

Bradley B. Keller

Warren W. Burggren

References

287

(64)

Systematic index

351

(2)

Subject index

353

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Development of Cardiovascular Systems: Molecules to Organisms

Summary

Table of Contents

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Development of Cardiovascular Systems: Molecules to Organisms

Summary

Table of Contents

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