Digest of Social Experiments

, by Greenberg, David H.; Shroder, Mark

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ISBN: 9780877667223 | 0877667225
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 7/21/2004

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Supplemental Materials

Acknowledgments

xix

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

An Overview of Social Experimentation and the Digest

(22)

What is a Social Experiment?

(2)

Internal and External Validity

(1)

Categories of Social Experiments

(1)

What is a Quasi Experiment?

(1)

Reasons for Conducting Social Experiments

(1)

Are Experiments Ethical?

(1)

Alternatives to Social Experimentation

(1)

Threats to External Validity of Impact Estimates

(2)

Are Experiments Unduly Expensive?

(1)

What ``Optional Features'' Can Experiments Have?

(1)

How Might Social Experiments Be Used?

(1)

What is the History of Social Experiments?

(1)

What is the Future for Social Experiments?

(1)

Uses and Organization of This Book

(8)

PART 2 EXPERIMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES

Public Assistance Recipients---AFDC and TANF

(128)

Ford Administration

(5)

AFDC Job Counselors

(2)

Colorado Monthly Reporting Experiment and Pretest

(1)

WIN Job-Finding Clubs

(2)

Carter Administration

(10)

Massachusetts Work Experience Program

(2)

Louisville Immediate Job Search Assistance Experiment

(2)

WIN Services to Volunteers

(1)

Madison and Racine Quality Employment Experiment

(1)

Denver Postplacement Services Project

(1)

Louisville Group Job Search Experiment

(1)

Dayton Wage-Subsidy Voucher Experiment

(2)

First Reagan Administration

(19)

Monthly Reporting in the AFDC Program

(2)

Washington State Intensive Applicant Employment Services Evaluation (Quasi-experimental)

(1)

West Virginia Community Work Experience Demonstration

(1)

West Virginia Community Work Experience Program (CWEP) (Quasi-experimental)

(2)

Baltimore Options Program (Maryland Employment Initiatives)

(2)

San Diego Job Search and Work Experience Demonstration

(1)

Washington Community Work Experience Program

(2)

Arkansas Work Program

(1)

Maine Training Opportunities in the Private Sector (TOPS)

(2)

Virginia Employment Services Program (ESP)

(1)

Florida Trade Welfare for Work

(2)

New Jersey Grant Diversion Project

(2)

Second Reagan Administration

(16)

Cook County Job Search and Work Experience

(1)

Saturation Work Initiative Model (SWIM)

(2)

Pennsylvania Saturation Work Program (PSWP)

(2)

Illinois On-Line Cross-Match Demonstration

(2)

New York State Comprehensive Employment Opportunity Support Centers (CEOSC) Program

(1)

Teenage Parent Demonstration

(2)

Wisconsin Welfare Employment Experiment---Rock County

(1)

Child Assistance Program (CAP)

(2)

Greater Avenues for Independence (GAIN)

(1)

Washington State Family Independence Program (FIP) (Quasi-experimental)

(2)

G. H. W. Bush Administration

(37)

Child Day Care Recycling Fund Experiment---North Carolina

(2)

Community Group Participation and Housing Supplementation Demonstration (Bethel Self-Sufficiency Program)

(1)

Illinois Career Advancement Project

(1)

Cash Incentives in a Self-Sufficiency Program---Montgomery County, Maryland

(2)

New Chance

(1)

Ohio Transitions to Independence Demonstration---JOBS

(2)

Ohio Transitions to Independence Demonstration---Work Choice

(1)

Opportunity Knocks Program

(2)

Wisconsin Earned Income Disregard Demonstration

(1)

Wisconsin Medical Assistance Extension Demonstration

(1)

Ohio Learning, Earning, and Parenting Program (LEAP)

(2)

Alabama Avenues to Self-Sufficiency through Employment and Training Services (Assets) (Quasi-experimental)

(3)

AFDC Jobs Participants: Paths toward Self-Sufficiency

(2)

Project Independence---Florida

(1)

Wisconsin Learnfare

(2)

Partnership for Hope

(1)

National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies (NEWWS)

100

(3)

Link-Up

103

(1)

Maryland Primary Prevention Initiative (PPI)

104

(1)

To Strengthen Michigan Families (TSMF)

105

(2)

Utah Single-Parent Employment Demo Program (SPED)

107

(2)

California Work Pays Demonstration Program (CWPDP)

109

(1)

Georgia Preschool Immunization

110

(2)

First Clinton Administration

112

(33)

Iowa Family Investment Program

112

(2)

New Jersey Family Development Program

114

(2)

Colorado Personal Responsibility and Employment Program (CPREP)

116

(1)

Minnesota Family Investment Program (MFIP)

117

(3)

Post-Employment Services Demonstration (PESD)

120

(1)

Vermont Welfare Restructuring Project (WRP)

121

(1)

Florida Family Transition Program (FTP)

122

(2)

Arkansas Welfare Waiver Demonstration

124

(1)

Cal-Learn

125

(2)

LA Jobs-First GAIN Evaluation

127

(2)

Teenage Parent Home Visitor Services Demonstration

129

(1)

Indiana Welfare Reform Evaluation

130

(2)

Ohio Children of Opportunity: Learnfare

132

(1)

Virginia Independence Program (VIP)

133

(2)

Delaware: A Better Chance

135

(1)

Connecticut Jobs First

136

(2)

San Diego School Attendance Demonstration Project (SADP)

138

(1)

The Achieving Change for Texans (ACT) II Experiments

139

(1)

Common Elements for the Three Experiments

139

(1)

Responsibilities, Employment, and Resources (RER)--Non-Choices

140

(1)

Time Limits Pilot

141

(1)

Responsibilities, Employment, and Resources (RER)--Choices

142

(1)

Wisconsin Self-Sufficiency First/Pay for Performance Program

143

(2)

Second Clinton Administration

145

(4)

Work-First Profiling Demonstration

145

(2)

W-2 Child Support Demonstration Evaluation

147

(2)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

149

(4)

New Visions: College as a Job Advancement Strategy

149

(1)

New Jersey Substance Abuse Research Demonstration (SARD)

150

(1)

Employment Retention and Advancement Project

150

(1)

Welfare to Work Housing Voucher Demonstration

151

(2)

Public Assistance Recipients---Food Stamps and Medicaid

153

(12)

Food Stamp Work Registration and Job Search Demonstration

153

(3)

Illinois Monthly Reporting Food Stamp Demonstration

156

(2)

Program for Prepaid Managed Health Care (PPMHC)

158

(1)

Food Stamp Employment and Training Program

159

(2)

San Diego Food Stamp Cash-Out Demonstration

161

(1)

Alabama Food Stamp Cash-Out Demonstration

162

(3)

Firms and Organizations

165

(12)

Power Customers

165

(3)

Southern California Edison Electricity Pricing Experiment

165

(1)

Niagara Mohawk Hourly Integrated Pricing Program (HIPP)

166

(2)

Employers

168

(2)

Wage-Subsidy Variation Experiment

168

(1)

Wilkes-Barre Job Search Voucher Project

169

(1)

Health Care Providers

170

(7)

NCHSR Nursing Home Incentives Demonstration

170

(2)

National Home Health Prospective Payment Demonstration---Phase I

172

(2)

National Home Health Prospective Payment Demonstration---Phase II

174

(3)

Middle-Class and Employee Populations

177

(16)

Power Customers

177

(4)

Introduction

177

(1)

Connecticut Peak Load Pricing Experiment

178

(1)

Los Angeles Peak Load Pricing Experiment for Electricity

179

(2)

Health Care Consumers

181

(5)

RAND Health Insurance Study

181

(4)

United Healthcare Gatekeeper Plan Experiment

185

(1)

Other

186

(7)

Minnesota Income Tax Compliance Experiment

186

(1)

Seed Money Experiment

187

(1)

Employee Monitoring (Quasi-experimental)

188

(2)

Lifelong Learning Demonstration

190

(1)

Retirement Plan Decisions Experiment

191

(2)

Low-Income Households (General)

193

(30)

New Jersey Income Maintenance Experiment

193

(2)

Rural Income Maintenance Experiment

195

(2)

Seattle-Denver Income Maintenance Experiment

197

(4)

Gary Income Maintenance Experiment

201

(1)

Housing Allowance Demand Experiment

202

(4)

Freestanding Housing Voucher Demonstration

206

(2)

National Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) Study

208

(3)

Emergency Food and Homelessness Intervention Project

211

(1)

Operation INC (Incubator for New Companies)

212

(1)

Project Hope (Head Start Opportunities for Parents through Employment)

213

(1)

North Dakota Self-Reliance Program

214

(1)

Wisconsin New Hope Project

215

(2)

Parents' Fair Share (PFS) Demonstration

217

(2)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

219

(4)

Moving to Opportunity (MTO)

219

(1)

Bridges to Work

220

(1)

Chicago Housing Voucher Lottery

220

(1)

Community Action Program of Tulsa County (CAPTC) American Dream Demonstration

220

(1)

Jobs-Plus (Quasi-experimental)

221

(2)

Lower-Income Homeowners

223

(6)

Counseling for Delinquent Mortgagors

223

(1)

Detroit Default Counseling Demonstration

224

(2)

Prepurchase Homeownership Counseling Demonstration

226

(3)

Low-Income Children and Their Families

229

(20)

Perry Preschool Program

229

(2)

Washington, D.C., Mobile Unit for Child Health Care

231

(1)

Carolina Abecedarian Project

232

(3)

New York Nurse Home Visitation Experiment: 15-Year Follow-Up

235

(2)

Increasing the Immunization of Preschool Children

237

(1)

Infant Health and Development Program

238

(2)

Memphis Nurse Home Visitation

240

(1)

Even Start Family Literacy Program

241

(2)

National Evaluation of the Comprehensive Child Development Program (CCDP)

243

(2)

Maryland Guardianship Assistance Program Demonstration

245

(1)

School Vouchers

246

(3)

Low-Income Youth

249

(38)

Public- versus Private-Sector Jobs Demonstration Project

249

(2)

Cambridge Job Factory

251

(1)

Career Advancement Voucher Demonstration Project

252

(3)

Wilkes-Barre YES Workshop Program

255

(1)

Alternative Youth Employment Strategies (AYES) Project

256

(3)

Cambridge Job Search Voucher Program

259

(2)

Summer Experimental Youth Transition Project

261

(1)

Jobstart

262

(2)

Summer Training and Education Program (Step)

264

(2)

New Orleans and Philadelphia Nonresidential Job Corps Centers

266

(1)

Alternative Schools

267

(2)

High-Risk Youth Demonstration Project---Yolo County, California

269

(1)

Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) Pilot

270

(1)

Brothers

271

(1)

Homeless Youth Self-Sufficiency Project

272

(1)

Success Connection

272

(2)

Austin Youth Leadership Development

274

(1)

School Dropout Demonstration Assistance Program

275

(3)

American Conservation and Youth Services Corps

278

(1)

Illinois Youth Employment and Training Initiative (YETI)

279

(1)

National Job Corps Study

280

(2)

Quantum Opportunity Program (QOP) Demonstration

282

(2)

Carrera Model

284

(1)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

285

(2)

Career Academies

285

(1)

Upward Bound

286

(1)

Center for Employment Training (CET) Replication Study

286

(1)

Low-Income Single/Teen Parents

287

(6)

Minority Female Single-Parent (MFSP) Demonstration

287

(2)

Young Families Can Project

289

(1)

Single-Parent Economic Independence Demonstration (SPEID)

290

(3)

Unemployed Workers

293

(38)

General Education in Manpower Training

293

(1)

Carbondale Job-Finding Club

294

(2)

Carbondale Handicapped Job-Finding Club

296

(1)

U.S. Employment Service Effectiveness of Counseling Pilot Study

297

(1)

Job Club Behavioral Supervision Test

298

(1)

Buffalo Dislocated Worker Demonstration Program

299

(2)

Claimant Placement and Work Test Demonstration

301

(3)

Delaware Dislocated Worker Pilot Program

304

(1)

Illinois Unemployment Insurance Incentive Program

305

(1)

Texas Worker Adjustment Demonstration

306

(2)

New Jersey Unemployment Insurance Reemployment Demonstration

308

(3)

Washington State Alternative Work Search Experiment

311

(2)

Nevada Concentrated Employment Program (CEP)

313

(1)

Pennsylvania Reemployment Bonus Demonstration

314

(2)

Reemploy Minnesota (REM)

316

(1)

Washington State Reemployment Bonus Experiment

317

(2)

Washington and Massachusetts Unemployment Insurance Self-Employment Work Search Demonstrations

319

(2)

Minority Male Opportunity and Responsibility Program

321

(2)

Maryland Unemployment Insurance Work Search Demonstration

323

(2)

Kentucky Worker Profiling and Reemployment Services (WPRS) Experiment

325

(2)

Job Search Assistance Demonstration

327

(2)

Experiment Ongoing at Publication

329

(2)

Individual Training Accounts

329

(2)

Homeless People

331

(10)

Homeless Employment Partnership (HEP)

331

(2)

Boston McKinney Demonstration Project

333

(1)

Philadelphia Micro-Enterprise Development Program

334

(1)

Critical Time Intervention

334

(1)

San Diego Homeless Research Demonstration

335

(1)

New Orleans Homeless Substance Abusers Project

336

(2)

HUD-VA Supported Housing Program (HUD-VASH)

338

(1)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

339

(2)

Phoenix, Arizona, Homeless Study

339

(1)

St. Louis, Missouri, Community Alternatives

339

(1)

Westchester County, New York, Homeless Study

339

(2)

Charged/Convicted Individuals

341

(6)

Living Insurance for Ex-Offenders (Life)

341

(2)

Transitional Aid Research Project (TARP)

343

(2)

Court Employment Project

345

(1)

Ex-Offender Research Project

346

(1)

Substance Abusers

347

(6)

Wildcat Experiment

347

(2)

Job Seekers' Workshop

349

(1)

Transition Project

350

(3)

Frail Elderly

353

(22)

Introduction

353

(22)

Continued Care

354

(1)

BRI Protective Services

355

(1)

BRH Home Aide

356

(1)

Chronic Disease

357

(1)

Worcester Home Care

358

(1)

NCHSR Day Care/Homemaker Demonstration

359

(1)

Wisconsin Community Care Organization (CCO)---Milwaukee

360

(2)

Georgia Alternative Health Services (AHS)

362

(1)

Home Health Care Team

363

(1)

Project Open

364

(1)

San Diego Long-Term Care

365

(1)

Florida Pentastar

366

(1)

South Carolina Community Long-Term Care

367

(1)

National Long-Term Care (Channeling) Demonstration

368

(2)

Neighborhood Team Experiment

370

(2)

Team Approach to Outpatient Geriatric Evaluation Experiment

372

(3)

Nonelderly People with Disabilities

375

(14)

Training in Community Living

375

(1)

Job Path

376

(2)

Harbinger Mental Health Project

378

(1)

Structured Training and Employment Transitional Services (STETS) Demonstration

379

(2)

Transitional Employment Training Demonstration (TETD)

381

(2)

Project NetWork

383

(3)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

386

(3)

Consumer-Operated Services Program

386

(1)

Employment Intervention Demonstration Program

386

(1)

State Partnership Initiatives

387

(2)

Multiple Groups

389

(8)

National Supported Work Demonstration (NSWD)

389

(2)

AFDC Homemaker-Home Health Aide Demonstrations

391

(6)

PART 3 EXPERIMENTS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES

Africa

397

(6)

Teacher Incentives---Kenya (Quasi-experimental)

397

(2)

School Meals---Kenya (Quasi-experimental)

399

(1)

Deworming Drug Take-Up---Kenya (Quasi-experimental)

400

(3)

Asia-Pacific

403

(6)

Women as Policy Makers---India

403

(1)

Matriculation Awards Pilot---Israel

404

(1)

Assisting the Long-Term Unemployed---Australia

405

(1)

Matriculation Awards---Israel (Quasi-experimental)

406

(3)

Canada

409

(10)

Manitoba Basic Annual Income Experiment

409

(2)

Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP)

411

(1)

SSP Entry Effects

412

(1)

SSP Plus

413

(3)

Earnings Supplement Project

416

(1)

Experiments Ongoing at Publication

417

(2)

Community Employment Innovation Project

417

(1)

Learn$ave

418

(1)

Continental Europe

419

(14)

Intensified Employment Services---Sweden

419

(1)

Counseling and Monitoring I---Netherlands

420

(2)

Labour Market Training (LMT)---Norway

422

(1)

Job Training---Denmark

423

(1)

Bergen Worker Sickness---Norway

424

(1)

Bergen Pain---Norway

425

(2)

Counseling and Monitoring II---Netherlands

427

(1)

Targeted Negative Income Tax---Germany

428

(1)

Zurich Bike Messengers---Switzerland

429

(2)

Undergraduate Student Achievement---Netherlands

431

(2)

Latin America

433

(6)

Paces (Programa de Ampliacion de Cobertura de la Educacion Secundaria)---Colombia

433

(1)

School Facility Improvements---Bolivia (Quasi-experimental)

434

(2)

Progresa (Programa de Educacion, Salud, y Alimentacion)--- Mexico (Quasi-experimental)

436

(1)

Proempleo---Argentina

437

(2)

United Kingdom

439

(20)

Electricity Pricing

439

(2)

Restart

441

(1)

13-Week Review

442

(2)

30-Month-Plus Restart

444

(1)

Supportive Caseloading

445

(1)

Jobplan

446

(1)

1--2--1/Workwise

447

(1)

Lone Parent Caseworker Pilots

448

(1)

1--2--1 for the Very Long Term Unemployed

449

(1)

Benefits Agency Visiting Officer/NDLP

450

(1)

New Deal 25 Plus

451

(1)

Intensive Gateway Trailblazers (IGT)/NDYP

452

(1)

In-Work Training Grant (IWTG)

453

(1)

Experiment Ongoing at Publication

454

(5)

Employment Zones

454

(5)

PART 4 TRENDS

The Social Experiment Market (from Journal of Economic Perspectives)

459

(14)

The Products

461

(4)

Policy Objectives

461

(2)

Product Design

463

(2)

Buyers and Sellers

465

(1)

Funding Sources

465

(1)

Suppliers of Experimental Evaluations

466

(1)

Remaining Questions

466

(7)

Market Concentration

467

(1)

The Scope of Future Experimentation

468

(1)

Geographic Concentration

468

(1)

Social Experiments and Economists

469

(4)

A Postscript

473

(2)

About the Authors

475

(2)

Index

477

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Digest of Social Experiments

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials