Discovering Music
, by Todd, R. Larry
- ISBN: 9780197611159 | 019761115X
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 11/25/2022
Discovering Music offers the context that students need to appreciate music, in a concise format that is visually appealing. Written to inspire students to connect intellectually and emotionally with music from the Western canon and beyond, the text is supported by a suite of digital resources, including new "How to Listen" pedagogy that helps students deepen their listening experience.
The book opens with an introduction to the musical elements; the instruments of the orchestra; and a discussion of how to listen to music. New "Learn to Listen" pedagogy helps students experience and understand the elements of music. Then, each musical era is highlighted in individual parts, with a brief introduction to the key composers and developments that occurred in music and the related arts. "Interactive Listening Maps" offer guidance to students on how and why to listen to each work.
The book opens with an introduction to the musical elements; the instruments of the orchestra; and a discussion of how to listen to music. New "Learn to Listen" pedagogy helps students experience and understand the elements of music. Then, each musical era is highlighted in individual parts, with a brief introduction to the key composers and developments that occurred in music and the related arts. "Interactive Listening Maps" offer guidance to students on how and why to listen to each work.
R. Larry Todd is the Arts & Sciences Professor of Music, at Duke University. He has been recognized in
the New York Times as "the dean of Mendelssohn scholars” in the United States, having authored the definitive biographies of both Mendelssohn and his sister Fanny (both published by Oxford University Press). He is the series editor for the Routledge Studies in Musical Genres. He has served as a Guggenheim fellow and fellow of the National Humanities Center. Todd is also a performing pianist who has recorded and performed extensively.
the New York Times as "the dean of Mendelssohn scholars” in the United States, having authored the definitive biographies of both Mendelssohn and his sister Fanny (both published by Oxford University Press). He is the series editor for the Routledge Studies in Musical Genres. He has served as a Guggenheim fellow and fellow of the National Humanities Center. Todd is also a performing pianist who has recorded and performed extensively.
About the Author
Preface
Acknowledgments
PART I. The Elements of Music
The Listening Experience
Musical Elements: An Overview
What Is Classical Music?
timeline
CHAPTER 1. Pitch, Melody, and Key
Pitch
Notating Pitch
making connections: The Physics of Sound: The Octave
Melody
making connections: The Ancient Greeks and Consonances
Key
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 2. Rhythm, Meter, Texture, and Dynamics
Rhythmic Values
Tempo Markings
making connections: The Metronome
Pulse or Beat
Measures
Texture
Harmony
Tonality
Dynamics
making connections: The Sound of Silence
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 3. Timbre, Instruments, and Ensembles
Timbre
The Voice
The Family of Musical Instruments
Musical Ensembles
Benjamin Britten, The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra (1946)
check your knowledge
listening map 1: Benjamin Britten, The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra [1946]
CHAPTER 4. Musical Form
Binary and Ternary Form
making connections: Musical Form in Architecture and Painting
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 5. Learning How to Listen
Listening to Hamilton, "My Shot"
Mapping the Listening Experience
listening map 2: Lin-Manuel Miranda, Hamilton, "My Shot" [2015]
check your knowledge
Part I summary
PART II. The Middle Ages
Why Listen to Medieval Music?
timeline
Milestones of the Medieval Era
CHAPTER 6. Origins of Medieval Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 7. Music for the Christian Church
Gregorian Chant
The Divine Office and the Mass
Medieval Christmas Music: Viderunt omnes
check your knowledge
listening map 3: Anonymous, Viderunt omnes ("All the Ends of the Earth") [fifth century]
CHAPTER 8. Hildegard of Bingen
listening map 4: Hildegard of Bingen, O viridissima virga ("O Greenest Branch") [twelfth century]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 9. Léonin and the Rise of Polyphony
making connections: Gothic Cathedrals and Polyphonic Architecture
check your knowledge
listening map 5: Léonin, First Respond from Viderunt omnes ("All the Ends of the Earth") [twelfth century]
CHAPTER 10. Secular Medieval Music
Musical Instruments
Secular Medieval Song
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 11. Machaut and the Rise of Secular Polyphony
check your knowledge
listening map 6: Guillaume de Machaut, Puis qu'en oubli sui de vous ("Since you have forgotten me") [ca. 1365]
Part II summary
global connections:
Myanmar: Buddhist Chant and Ritual Music
making connections: Music for Celebrations
PART III. The Renaissance
Why Listen to Renaissance Music?
Humanism
Rebirth
timeline
Classical Revival
Artists as Individual Creators
Transition to Modernity
CHAPTER 12. The Development of Renaissance Music
makin.g connections: The Renaissance Rediscovers Classical Antiquity
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 13. Guillaume Dufay and the Franco-Flemish Style
making connections: Brunelleschi's Dome
listening map 7: Guillaume Dufay, Mass Se la face ay pale, Kyrie [ca. 1450]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 14. Josquin Desprez
making connections: Lorenzo the Magnificent
check your knowledge
listening map 8: Josquin Desprez, Ave Maria [ca. 1485]
CHAPTER 15. Palestrina and the Counter-Reformation
making connections: Martin Luther and the Reformation
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 16. New Currents: National Styles
The Italian Madrigal
making connections: Art Imitates Life: The Shocking Music of Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of Venosa
The English Madrigal
listening map 9: Thomas Weelkes, "As Vesta Was from Latmos Hill Descending" [1601]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 17. The Rise of Instrumental Music
making connections: The English Reformation
listening map 10: William Byrd, "Pavana Lachrymae" for harpsichord solo, based on John Dowland's lute song "Flow My Tears" [ca. 1600]
check your knowledge
Part III summary
global connections:
Bali: Gamelan Music
making connections: The Gamelan and the West
PART IV. The Baroque
Why Listen to Baroque Music?
Baroque Art and Architecture
The Musical Legacy of the Baroque
timeline
CHAPTER 18. Elements of Baroque Music
The Development of Tonality
The Basso Continuo
Melody, Rhythm, and Dynamics in Baroque Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 19. Claudio Monteverdi and the Rise of Italian Opera
making connections: St. Mark's Basilica, Venice
making connections: Orfeo and the Rise of the Orchestra
listening map 11: Claudio Monteverdi, Orfeo, Act III, "Possente spirto" ("O Powerful Spirit"), excerpt [1607]
Barbara Strozzi and the Chamber Cantata
listening map 12: Barbara Strozzi, "Voglio morire" ("I Wish to Die") from L'Amante segreto (The Secret Lover) [1651]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 20. The Spread of Opera
Opera in France
making connections: Music as Royal Power: Lully at the Court of Louis XIV
Henry Purcell and English Opera
check your knowledge
listening map 13: Henry Purcell, Dido and Aeneas, Act III, "When I Am Laid in Earth" [1689]
CHAPTER 21. Baroque Instrumental Music
The Violin Family
The Harpsichord
The Organ
New Musical Genres
Arcangelo Corelli
The Baroque Concerto
listening map 14: Arcangelo Corelli, Trio Sonata in A Minor, Op. 3 No. 10 [1689]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 22. Antonio Vivaldi
listening map 15: Antonio Vivaldi, Spring from The Four Seasons, Op. 8 No. 1, First Movement [ca. 1725]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 23. Johann Sebastian Bach's Life and Career
Bach's Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Move to Cöthen
Final Years in Leipzig
making connections: Bach's Children and Wives
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 24. Bach's Instrumental Music
Bach and the Fugue
making connections: Fugues beyond Music
listening map 16: J. S. Bach, “Little” Fugue in G Minor for Organ [ca. 1708-1717]
Bach's Concertos
check your knowledge
listening map 17: J. S. Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, First Movement [1721 or earlier]
CHAPTER 25. Bach's Sacred Music
Bach's Cantatas
making connections: A Tale of Two Churches
listening map 18: J. S. Bach, Cantata No. 140, Wachet auf (Sleepers, Awake!), First Movement [1731]
Bach's Other Religious Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 26. George Frideric Handel
making connections: Handel versus Bach: Two Baroque Titans Compared
Handel's Life and Career
listening map 19: G.F. Handel, Water Music: Alla Hornpipe [1717]
Handel and Italian Opera
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 27. Handel and the English Oratorio
making connections: Handel, the Duke of Cumberland, and Bonnie Prince Charlie
making connections: Handel's Messiah and Jonathan Swift
listening map 20: G.F. Handel, Messiah, Aria, "Rejoice Greatly, O Daughter of Zion" [1742]
listening map 21: G.F. Handel, Messiah, "Hallelujah" Chorus [1742]
making connections: Standing Up for Handel
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 28. The End of the Baroque
check your knowledge
Part IV summary
global connections:
Japan: The Koto
making connections: Musical Representations of Spring
PART V. The Classical Period
Why Listen to Music from the Classical Period?
The Enlightenment
timeline
The Revival of Antiquity
CHAPTER 29. Music in the Classical Period
Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges
LISTENING MAP 22: Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges, Violin Concerto in A major, Op. 5 No. 2, Rondeau [ca. 1775]
Melody in Classical Music
making connections: Balance in Neoclassical Art and Architecture
Dynamics in Classical Music
Rhythm in Classical Music
Harmony and Texture in Classical Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 30. Genres and Forms in Classical Music
New Instrumental Genres
Sonata Form
Theme and Variations Form
Minuet and Trio
listening map 23 W.A. Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music), K. 525, First Movement, Allegro [1787]
listening map 24 Franz Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 94 in G Major ("Surprise"), Second Movement (Andante) [1791]
Rondo Form
listening map 25 W.A. Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music), K. 525, Third Movement (Allegretto) [1787]
making connections: The Rise of the Minuet
listening map 26 Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata in C Minor, Op. 13 ("Pathétique"), Third Movement (Allegro) [1798]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 31. Joseph Haydn
Haydn's Life and Music
making connections: The Esterházys and Haydn
Haydn and the Classical Orchestra
making connections: Haydn in England
Haydn and the String Quartet
listening map 27 Franz Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 94 in G Major ("Surprise"), Fourth Movement (Allegro Molto) [1791]
Haydn's Influence
listening map 28 Franz Joseph Haydn, String Quartet in G Major, Op. 76 No. 3 ("Emperor"), Second Movement (Poco adagio, cantabile) [1797]
making connections: The Politics of Haydn's "Emperor's Hymn"
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 32. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Mozart's Life and Career
making connections: Mozart as Freemason
making connections: Mozart and Posterity
Mozart and the Classical Concerto
Maria Theresia von Paradis: "The Blind Enchantress"
listening map 29 Maria Theresia von Paradis, "Morgenlied eines armen Mannes" ("The Morning Song of a Poor Man") [1786]
Mozart and Italian Opera
listening map 230 W.A. Mozart, Piano Concerto No. 23 in A Major, K. 488, First Movement (Allegro) [1786]
Mozart and German Opera
listening map 31 W.A. Mozart, The Marriage of Figaro, K. 492, Act I, Scene 2, Figaro, "Se vuol ballare" ("If you want to dance") [1786]
listening map 32: W.A. Mozart, The Magic Flute, K. 620, Act II, Scene?3, Queen of the Night, "Der Hölle Rache" ("Vengeance of Hell") [1791]
Mozart's Legacy
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 33. Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven's Early Period
making connections: Beethoven and Haydn
Beethoven's Middle Period
listening map 33 Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 27 No. 2 ("Moonlight"), First Movement (Adagio sostenuto) [1801]
making connections: Napoleon as Romantic Figure
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony in C minor
making connections: Finding Meaning in Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
listening map 34 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, First Movement (Allegro con brio) [1808]
listening map 35: Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Second Movement (Andante con moto) [1808]
listening map 36 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Third Movement (Allegro) [1808]
Beethoven's Late Period
listening map 37 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Fourth Movement (Allegro) [1808]
Beethoven's Death and Funeral
Beethoven's Legacy
check your knowledge
Part V summary
global connections:
Thailand: Music of the Khaen
making connections: Free-Reed Instruments
PART VI. The Romantic Period
Why Listen to Romantic Music?
Romantic Movements
timeline
CHAPTER 34. Music in the Romantic Period
Melody in Romantic Music
Dynamics and Expression Marks in Romantic Music
Tempo and Rhythm in Romantic Music
Harmony and Tonality in Romantic Music
Forms and Genres in Romantic Music
Timbre and Tone Color in Romantic Music
making connections: Romantic Content in Program Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 35. Art Song
making connections: Lyric Poetry and Us
Schubert's Life
Schubert's Lieder
making connections: Goethe and Music
Schubert's "Erlking"
listening map 38 Franz Schubert, "Erlkönig" ("The Erlking") [1815]
Robert Schumann
Schumann's Dichterliebe, Op. 48
Clara Schumann
listening map 39 Robert Schumann, "Im wunderschönen Monat Mai" ("In the Lovely Month of May"), from Dichterliebe (Poet's Love) [1840]
Clara Schumann, "Liebst du um Schönheit" ("If You Love for Beauty")
listening map 40: Clara Schumann, "Liebst du um Schönheit" ("If You Love for Beauty") [1841]
making connections: Clara Schumann as Composer
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 36. Piano Music
making connections: The Age of the Virtuoso
Frédéric Chopin
making connections: A Double Portrait by Delacroix
listening map 41 Frédéric Chopin, Nocturne in E-Flat Major for Piano, Op. 9 No. 2 [1831]
listening map 42: Frédéric Chopin, Prelude in D Minor for Piano, Op. 28 No. 24 [1839]
Franz Liszt
making connections: Lisztomania
Fanny Hensel
listening map 43: Franz Liszt, Petrarch Sonnet No. 104 [1858]
listening map 44: Fanny Hensel, “Il Saltarello Romano” ("The Roman Saltarello") in A Minor, Op. 6 No. 4 [1841]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 37. Orchestral Music
Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy
making connections: Mendelssohn as Conductor
listening map 45: Felix Mendelssohn, Overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream, Op. 21 [1826]
Hector Berlioz
making connections: The Romantics and Opium
listening map 46: Hector Berlioz, Fantastic Symphony, Finale, "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath" [1830]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 38. Romantic Opera
Italian Romantic Opera
French Romantic Opera
listening map 47: Giuseppe Verdi, Rigoletto, Act III, Canzone, “La donna č mobile” ("Woman Is Fickle") [1851]
German Romantic Opera
making connections: Musical Cues in Wagner and Beyond
listening map 48: Richard Wagner, Das Rheingold, concluding scene, "The Gods' Entrance into Valhalla" [1854]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 39. Musical Nationalism and Realism
Nationalism in Music
making connections: Nationalism in Art
Antonín Dvorák
making connections: Jeanette Thurber and Music Patronage, Americanized
Russian Music
listening map 49: Antonín Dvorák, Symphony No. 9 ("From the New World"), Second Movement, Largo [1893]
Harry T. Burleigh
LISTENING MAP 50: Harry T. Burleigh, Deep River (1916)
listening map 51: Modest Mussorgsky, Pictures at an Exhibition, "The Great Gate of Kiev" (1874), orchestrated by Maurice Ravel [1922]
making connections: The Afterlife of La Bohčme
listening map 52: Georges Bizet, Carmen, Act 1, Habanera [1875]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 40. Late Nineteenth-Century Romanticism
Johannes Brahms
LISTENING MAP 53: Johannes Brahms, Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 77, Third Movement
Pyotr Tchaikovsky
LISTENING MAP 54: Tchaikovsky, Romeo and Juliet [1880]
Program Music of the Late Nineteenth Century
Gustav Mahler
LISTENING MAP 55: Gustav Mahler, Songs of a Wayfarer, No. 2 [1896]
Part VI summary
global connections: North India: Rhythm in Hindustani Music
MAKING CONNECTIONS: Rhythmic Patterns
PART VII. The Modern Era
Why Listen to Music from the Modern Era?
Modernist Innovations
timeline
CHAPTER 41. Music in the Twentieth Century
Alternatives to Tonality
Arnold Schoenberg and the Rejection of Tonality
making connections: Atonality and Soundtracks
New Experiments with Rhythm and Timbre
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 42. The Modernist Revolution
Claude Debussy
making connections: The Eiffel Tower as Modernist Icon
making connections: Symbolism
listening map 56: Claude Debussy, Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun [1894]
Igor Stravinsky
making connections: The Ballets Russes
listening map 57: Igor Stravinsky, The Rite of Spring, "Introduction" and "Augurs of Spring: Dance of the Adolescents" [1913]
Arnold Schoenberg
making connections: Wassily Kandinsky and German Expressionism
listening map 58: Arnold Schoenberg, Pierrot lunaire, No. 5, "Valse de Chopin" [1912]
Alban Berg and Anton von Webern
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 43. Neoclassicism
Sergei Prokofiev
making connections: Music in the Soviet Union
Stravinsky and Neoclassicism
listening map 59: Sergei Prokofiev, "Classical" Symphony, First Movement [1917]
listening map 60: Igor Stravinsky, Symphony of Psalms, Second Movement (Psalm 40:1-3) [1930]
making connections: Stravinsky as Lecturer
Béla Bartók
making connections: Palindromes and Musical Symmetries
check your knowledge
listening map 61: Béla Bartók, Music for String Instruments, Percussion and Celesta, Third Movement [1936]
CHAPTER 44. National Styles
English Music
Dmitri Shostakovich and Russian Music
check your knowledge
listening map 62: Dmitri Shostakovich, Symphony No. 5, Second Movement [1937]
CHAPTER 45. American Music: Beginnings to Aaron Copland
Amy Beach
Charles Ives
listening map 63: Amy Beach, Romance for Violin and Piano, Op. 23 [1893]
listening map 64: Charles Ives, General William Booth Enters into Heaven [1914]
William Grant Still
listening map 65: William Grant Still, "Afro-American" Symphony, Third Movement ("Humor") [1930]
making connections: The Harlem Renaissance and the "New Negro"
George Gershwin
making connections: Rhapsody in Blue: An Icon of American Music
Aaron Copland
listening map 66: Aaron Copland, Appalachian Spring, Section 7: Variations on the Shaker melody "Simple Gifts" [1944]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 46. Jazz
The Rise of Jazz: Ragtime and Blues
making connections: Robert Johnson and the Blues as Literature
listening map 67: Bessie Smith, "Lost Your Head Blues" [1926]
Early Jazz: New Orleans and Beyond
The Birth of Swing Music
Duke Ellington
listening map 68: Duke Ellington, "Mood Indigo" [1930]
The Birth of Bebop
listening map 69: Charlie Parker, "Constellation" [1948]
Cool and Free Jazz
listening map 70: Miles Davis, Bitches Brew ("Miles Runs the Voodoo Down," opening section) [1969]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 47. Film Music, Musicals, and Contemporary Popular Styles
The Rise of Film Music
listening map 71: John Williams, "Imperial March" from The Empire Strikes Back [1980]
Musicals
Contemporary Popular Styles
making connections: The Many Roles of Leonard Bernstein
listening map 72: Leonard Bernstein, West Side Story, Balcony Scene, "Tonight" [1957]
making connections: The '60s: Music of Protest
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 48. The Eclipse of Modernism: New Frontiers
The New Order: Total Serialism
New Resources in Sound
making connections: An Early Electronic Studio
listening map 73: Edgard Varčse, Počme électronique (Electronic Poem), opening 2'36" [1958]
Further Developments in Electronic Music
listening map 74: John Cage, 4'33" [1951]
making connections: Across the Arts: John Cage, Robert Rauschenberg, and Merce Cunningham
Women and Contemporary Music
listening map 75: Ellen Taaffe Zwilich, Concerto grosso, First Movement [1985]
Postmodernism
making connections: Minimalism in the Visual Arts
listening map 76: John Adams, Short Ride in a Fast Machine [1986]
Into the Twenty-First Century
The Future
listening map 77: Sofia Gubaidulina, Violin Concerto No. 2 ("In tempus praesens"), opening section [2007]
LISTENING MAP 78: Caroline Shaw, The Orangery [2015]
check your knowledge
Part VII summary
making connections: BRAZILIAN MUSIC AND THE WORLD
Glossary
Credits
Index
Preface
Acknowledgments
PART I. The Elements of Music
The Listening Experience
Musical Elements: An Overview
What Is Classical Music?
timeline
CHAPTER 1. Pitch, Melody, and Key
Pitch
Notating Pitch
making connections: The Physics of Sound: The Octave
Melody
making connections: The Ancient Greeks and Consonances
Key
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 2. Rhythm, Meter, Texture, and Dynamics
Rhythmic Values
Tempo Markings
making connections: The Metronome
Pulse or Beat
Measures
Texture
Harmony
Tonality
Dynamics
making connections: The Sound of Silence
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 3. Timbre, Instruments, and Ensembles
Timbre
The Voice
The Family of Musical Instruments
Musical Ensembles
Benjamin Britten, The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra (1946)
check your knowledge
listening map 1: Benjamin Britten, The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra [1946]
CHAPTER 4. Musical Form
Binary and Ternary Form
making connections: Musical Form in Architecture and Painting
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 5. Learning How to Listen
Listening to Hamilton, "My Shot"
Mapping the Listening Experience
listening map 2: Lin-Manuel Miranda, Hamilton, "My Shot" [2015]
check your knowledge
Part I summary
PART II. The Middle Ages
Why Listen to Medieval Music?
timeline
Milestones of the Medieval Era
CHAPTER 6. Origins of Medieval Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 7. Music for the Christian Church
Gregorian Chant
The Divine Office and the Mass
Medieval Christmas Music: Viderunt omnes
check your knowledge
listening map 3: Anonymous, Viderunt omnes ("All the Ends of the Earth") [fifth century]
CHAPTER 8. Hildegard of Bingen
listening map 4: Hildegard of Bingen, O viridissima virga ("O Greenest Branch") [twelfth century]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 9. Léonin and the Rise of Polyphony
making connections: Gothic Cathedrals and Polyphonic Architecture
check your knowledge
listening map 5: Léonin, First Respond from Viderunt omnes ("All the Ends of the Earth") [twelfth century]
CHAPTER 10. Secular Medieval Music
Musical Instruments
Secular Medieval Song
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 11. Machaut and the Rise of Secular Polyphony
check your knowledge
listening map 6: Guillaume de Machaut, Puis qu'en oubli sui de vous ("Since you have forgotten me") [ca. 1365]
Part II summary
global connections:
Myanmar: Buddhist Chant and Ritual Music
making connections: Music for Celebrations
PART III. The Renaissance
Why Listen to Renaissance Music?
Humanism
Rebirth
timeline
Classical Revival
Artists as Individual Creators
Transition to Modernity
CHAPTER 12. The Development of Renaissance Music
makin.g connections: The Renaissance Rediscovers Classical Antiquity
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 13. Guillaume Dufay and the Franco-Flemish Style
making connections: Brunelleschi's Dome
listening map 7: Guillaume Dufay, Mass Se la face ay pale, Kyrie [ca. 1450]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 14. Josquin Desprez
making connections: Lorenzo the Magnificent
check your knowledge
listening map 8: Josquin Desprez, Ave Maria [ca. 1485]
CHAPTER 15. Palestrina and the Counter-Reformation
making connections: Martin Luther and the Reformation
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 16. New Currents: National Styles
The Italian Madrigal
making connections: Art Imitates Life: The Shocking Music of Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of Venosa
The English Madrigal
listening map 9: Thomas Weelkes, "As Vesta Was from Latmos Hill Descending" [1601]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 17. The Rise of Instrumental Music
making connections: The English Reformation
listening map 10: William Byrd, "Pavana Lachrymae" for harpsichord solo, based on John Dowland's lute song "Flow My Tears" [ca. 1600]
check your knowledge
Part III summary
global connections:
Bali: Gamelan Music
making connections: The Gamelan and the West
PART IV. The Baroque
Why Listen to Baroque Music?
Baroque Art and Architecture
The Musical Legacy of the Baroque
timeline
CHAPTER 18. Elements of Baroque Music
The Development of Tonality
The Basso Continuo
Melody, Rhythm, and Dynamics in Baroque Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 19. Claudio Monteverdi and the Rise of Italian Opera
making connections: St. Mark's Basilica, Venice
making connections: Orfeo and the Rise of the Orchestra
listening map 11: Claudio Monteverdi, Orfeo, Act III, "Possente spirto" ("O Powerful Spirit"), excerpt [1607]
Barbara Strozzi and the Chamber Cantata
listening map 12: Barbara Strozzi, "Voglio morire" ("I Wish to Die") from L'Amante segreto (The Secret Lover) [1651]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 20. The Spread of Opera
Opera in France
making connections: Music as Royal Power: Lully at the Court of Louis XIV
Henry Purcell and English Opera
check your knowledge
listening map 13: Henry Purcell, Dido and Aeneas, Act III, "When I Am Laid in Earth" [1689]
CHAPTER 21. Baroque Instrumental Music
The Violin Family
The Harpsichord
The Organ
New Musical Genres
Arcangelo Corelli
The Baroque Concerto
listening map 14: Arcangelo Corelli, Trio Sonata in A Minor, Op. 3 No. 10 [1689]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 22. Antonio Vivaldi
listening map 15: Antonio Vivaldi, Spring from The Four Seasons, Op. 8 No. 1, First Movement [ca. 1725]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 23. Johann Sebastian Bach's Life and Career
Bach's Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Move to Cöthen
Final Years in Leipzig
making connections: Bach's Children and Wives
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 24. Bach's Instrumental Music
Bach and the Fugue
making connections: Fugues beyond Music
listening map 16: J. S. Bach, “Little” Fugue in G Minor for Organ [ca. 1708-1717]
Bach's Concertos
check your knowledge
listening map 17: J. S. Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major, First Movement [1721 or earlier]
CHAPTER 25. Bach's Sacred Music
Bach's Cantatas
making connections: A Tale of Two Churches
listening map 18: J. S. Bach, Cantata No. 140, Wachet auf (Sleepers, Awake!), First Movement [1731]
Bach's Other Religious Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 26. George Frideric Handel
making connections: Handel versus Bach: Two Baroque Titans Compared
Handel's Life and Career
listening map 19: G.F. Handel, Water Music: Alla Hornpipe [1717]
Handel and Italian Opera
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 27. Handel and the English Oratorio
making connections: Handel, the Duke of Cumberland, and Bonnie Prince Charlie
making connections: Handel's Messiah and Jonathan Swift
listening map 20: G.F. Handel, Messiah, Aria, "Rejoice Greatly, O Daughter of Zion" [1742]
listening map 21: G.F. Handel, Messiah, "Hallelujah" Chorus [1742]
making connections: Standing Up for Handel
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 28. The End of the Baroque
check your knowledge
Part IV summary
global connections:
Japan: The Koto
making connections: Musical Representations of Spring
PART V. The Classical Period
Why Listen to Music from the Classical Period?
The Enlightenment
timeline
The Revival of Antiquity
CHAPTER 29. Music in the Classical Period
Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges
LISTENING MAP 22: Joseph Bologne, Chevalier de St. Georges, Violin Concerto in A major, Op. 5 No. 2, Rondeau [ca. 1775]
Melody in Classical Music
making connections: Balance in Neoclassical Art and Architecture
Dynamics in Classical Music
Rhythm in Classical Music
Harmony and Texture in Classical Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 30. Genres and Forms in Classical Music
New Instrumental Genres
Sonata Form
Theme and Variations Form
Minuet and Trio
listening map 23 W.A. Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music), K. 525, First Movement, Allegro [1787]
listening map 24 Franz Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 94 in G Major ("Surprise"), Second Movement (Andante) [1791]
Rondo Form
listening map 25 W.A. Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music), K. 525, Third Movement (Allegretto) [1787]
making connections: The Rise of the Minuet
listening map 26 Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata in C Minor, Op. 13 ("Pathétique"), Third Movement (Allegro) [1798]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 31. Joseph Haydn
Haydn's Life and Music
making connections: The Esterházys and Haydn
Haydn and the Classical Orchestra
making connections: Haydn in England
Haydn and the String Quartet
listening map 27 Franz Joseph Haydn, Symphony No. 94 in G Major ("Surprise"), Fourth Movement (Allegro Molto) [1791]
Haydn's Influence
listening map 28 Franz Joseph Haydn, String Quartet in G Major, Op. 76 No. 3 ("Emperor"), Second Movement (Poco adagio, cantabile) [1797]
making connections: The Politics of Haydn's "Emperor's Hymn"
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 32. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Mozart's Life and Career
making connections: Mozart as Freemason
making connections: Mozart and Posterity
Mozart and the Classical Concerto
Maria Theresia von Paradis: "The Blind Enchantress"
listening map 29 Maria Theresia von Paradis, "Morgenlied eines armen Mannes" ("The Morning Song of a Poor Man") [1786]
Mozart and Italian Opera
listening map 230 W.A. Mozart, Piano Concerto No. 23 in A Major, K. 488, First Movement (Allegro) [1786]
Mozart and German Opera
listening map 31 W.A. Mozart, The Marriage of Figaro, K. 492, Act I, Scene 2, Figaro, "Se vuol ballare" ("If you want to dance") [1786]
listening map 32: W.A. Mozart, The Magic Flute, K. 620, Act II, Scene?3, Queen of the Night, "Der Hölle Rache" ("Vengeance of Hell") [1791]
Mozart's Legacy
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 33. Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven's Early Period
making connections: Beethoven and Haydn
Beethoven's Middle Period
listening map 33 Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sonata in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 27 No. 2 ("Moonlight"), First Movement (Adagio sostenuto) [1801]
making connections: Napoleon as Romantic Figure
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony in C minor
making connections: Finding Meaning in Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
listening map 34 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, First Movement (Allegro con brio) [1808]
listening map 35: Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Second Movement (Andante con moto) [1808]
listening map 36 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Third Movement (Allegro) [1808]
Beethoven's Late Period
listening map 37 Ludwig van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Fourth Movement (Allegro) [1808]
Beethoven's Death and Funeral
Beethoven's Legacy
check your knowledge
Part V summary
global connections:
Thailand: Music of the Khaen
making connections: Free-Reed Instruments
PART VI. The Romantic Period
Why Listen to Romantic Music?
Romantic Movements
timeline
CHAPTER 34. Music in the Romantic Period
Melody in Romantic Music
Dynamics and Expression Marks in Romantic Music
Tempo and Rhythm in Romantic Music
Harmony and Tonality in Romantic Music
Forms and Genres in Romantic Music
Timbre and Tone Color in Romantic Music
making connections: Romantic Content in Program Music
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 35. Art Song
making connections: Lyric Poetry and Us
Schubert's Life
Schubert's Lieder
making connections: Goethe and Music
Schubert's "Erlking"
listening map 38 Franz Schubert, "Erlkönig" ("The Erlking") [1815]
Robert Schumann
Schumann's Dichterliebe, Op. 48
Clara Schumann
listening map 39 Robert Schumann, "Im wunderschönen Monat Mai" ("In the Lovely Month of May"), from Dichterliebe (Poet's Love) [1840]
Clara Schumann, "Liebst du um Schönheit" ("If You Love for Beauty")
listening map 40: Clara Schumann, "Liebst du um Schönheit" ("If You Love for Beauty") [1841]
making connections: Clara Schumann as Composer
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 36. Piano Music
making connections: The Age of the Virtuoso
Frédéric Chopin
making connections: A Double Portrait by Delacroix
listening map 41 Frédéric Chopin, Nocturne in E-Flat Major for Piano, Op. 9 No. 2 [1831]
listening map 42: Frédéric Chopin, Prelude in D Minor for Piano, Op. 28 No. 24 [1839]
Franz Liszt
making connections: Lisztomania
Fanny Hensel
listening map 43: Franz Liszt, Petrarch Sonnet No. 104 [1858]
listening map 44: Fanny Hensel, “Il Saltarello Romano” ("The Roman Saltarello") in A Minor, Op. 6 No. 4 [1841]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 37. Orchestral Music
Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy
making connections: Mendelssohn as Conductor
listening map 45: Felix Mendelssohn, Overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream, Op. 21 [1826]
Hector Berlioz
making connections: The Romantics and Opium
listening map 46: Hector Berlioz, Fantastic Symphony, Finale, "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath" [1830]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 38. Romantic Opera
Italian Romantic Opera
French Romantic Opera
listening map 47: Giuseppe Verdi, Rigoletto, Act III, Canzone, “La donna č mobile” ("Woman Is Fickle") [1851]
German Romantic Opera
making connections: Musical Cues in Wagner and Beyond
listening map 48: Richard Wagner, Das Rheingold, concluding scene, "The Gods' Entrance into Valhalla" [1854]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 39. Musical Nationalism and Realism
Nationalism in Music
making connections: Nationalism in Art
Antonín Dvorák
making connections: Jeanette Thurber and Music Patronage, Americanized
Russian Music
listening map 49: Antonín Dvorák, Symphony No. 9 ("From the New World"), Second Movement, Largo [1893]
Harry T. Burleigh
LISTENING MAP 50: Harry T. Burleigh, Deep River (1916)
listening map 51: Modest Mussorgsky, Pictures at an Exhibition, "The Great Gate of Kiev" (1874), orchestrated by Maurice Ravel [1922]
making connections: The Afterlife of La Bohčme
listening map 52: Georges Bizet, Carmen, Act 1, Habanera [1875]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 40. Late Nineteenth-Century Romanticism
Johannes Brahms
LISTENING MAP 53: Johannes Brahms, Violin Concerto in D major, Op. 77, Third Movement
Pyotr Tchaikovsky
LISTENING MAP 54: Tchaikovsky, Romeo and Juliet [1880]
Program Music of the Late Nineteenth Century
Gustav Mahler
LISTENING MAP 55: Gustav Mahler, Songs of a Wayfarer, No. 2 [1896]
Part VI summary
global connections: North India: Rhythm in Hindustani Music
MAKING CONNECTIONS: Rhythmic Patterns
PART VII. The Modern Era
Why Listen to Music from the Modern Era?
Modernist Innovations
timeline
CHAPTER 41. Music in the Twentieth Century
Alternatives to Tonality
Arnold Schoenberg and the Rejection of Tonality
making connections: Atonality and Soundtracks
New Experiments with Rhythm and Timbre
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 42. The Modernist Revolution
Claude Debussy
making connections: The Eiffel Tower as Modernist Icon
making connections: Symbolism
listening map 56: Claude Debussy, Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun [1894]
Igor Stravinsky
making connections: The Ballets Russes
listening map 57: Igor Stravinsky, The Rite of Spring, "Introduction" and "Augurs of Spring: Dance of the Adolescents" [1913]
Arnold Schoenberg
making connections: Wassily Kandinsky and German Expressionism
listening map 58: Arnold Schoenberg, Pierrot lunaire, No. 5, "Valse de Chopin" [1912]
Alban Berg and Anton von Webern
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 43. Neoclassicism
Sergei Prokofiev
making connections: Music in the Soviet Union
Stravinsky and Neoclassicism
listening map 59: Sergei Prokofiev, "Classical" Symphony, First Movement [1917]
listening map 60: Igor Stravinsky, Symphony of Psalms, Second Movement (Psalm 40:1-3) [1930]
making connections: Stravinsky as Lecturer
Béla Bartók
making connections: Palindromes and Musical Symmetries
check your knowledge
listening map 61: Béla Bartók, Music for String Instruments, Percussion and Celesta, Third Movement [1936]
CHAPTER 44. National Styles
English Music
Dmitri Shostakovich and Russian Music
check your knowledge
listening map 62: Dmitri Shostakovich, Symphony No. 5, Second Movement [1937]
CHAPTER 45. American Music: Beginnings to Aaron Copland
Amy Beach
Charles Ives
listening map 63: Amy Beach, Romance for Violin and Piano, Op. 23 [1893]
listening map 64: Charles Ives, General William Booth Enters into Heaven [1914]
William Grant Still
listening map 65: William Grant Still, "Afro-American" Symphony, Third Movement ("Humor") [1930]
making connections: The Harlem Renaissance and the "New Negro"
George Gershwin
making connections: Rhapsody in Blue: An Icon of American Music
Aaron Copland
listening map 66: Aaron Copland, Appalachian Spring, Section 7: Variations on the Shaker melody "Simple Gifts" [1944]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 46. Jazz
The Rise of Jazz: Ragtime and Blues
making connections: Robert Johnson and the Blues as Literature
listening map 67: Bessie Smith, "Lost Your Head Blues" [1926]
Early Jazz: New Orleans and Beyond
The Birth of Swing Music
Duke Ellington
listening map 68: Duke Ellington, "Mood Indigo" [1930]
The Birth of Bebop
listening map 69: Charlie Parker, "Constellation" [1948]
Cool and Free Jazz
listening map 70: Miles Davis, Bitches Brew ("Miles Runs the Voodoo Down," opening section) [1969]
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 47. Film Music, Musicals, and Contemporary Popular Styles
The Rise of Film Music
listening map 71: John Williams, "Imperial March" from The Empire Strikes Back [1980]
Musicals
Contemporary Popular Styles
making connections: The Many Roles of Leonard Bernstein
listening map 72: Leonard Bernstein, West Side Story, Balcony Scene, "Tonight" [1957]
making connections: The '60s: Music of Protest
check your knowledge
CHAPTER 48. The Eclipse of Modernism: New Frontiers
The New Order: Total Serialism
New Resources in Sound
making connections: An Early Electronic Studio
listening map 73: Edgard Varčse, Počme électronique (Electronic Poem), opening 2'36" [1958]
Further Developments in Electronic Music
listening map 74: John Cage, 4'33" [1951]
making connections: Across the Arts: John Cage, Robert Rauschenberg, and Merce Cunningham
Women and Contemporary Music
listening map 75: Ellen Taaffe Zwilich, Concerto grosso, First Movement [1985]
Postmodernism
making connections: Minimalism in the Visual Arts
listening map 76: John Adams, Short Ride in a Fast Machine [1986]
Into the Twenty-First Century
The Future
listening map 77: Sofia Gubaidulina, Violin Concerto No. 2 ("In tempus praesens"), opening section [2007]
LISTENING MAP 78: Caroline Shaw, The Orangery [2015]
check your knowledge
Part VII summary
making connections: BRAZILIAN MUSIC AND THE WORLD
Glossary
Credits
Index
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