Disposable Cities: Garbage, Governance and

Based on in-depth fieldwork in three cities, Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar and Lusaka, this book provides a critical analysis of the United Nations Sustainable Cities Program in Africa (SCP). Focusing on the SCP's policies for solid waste management, which was identified as the top priority problem by the SCP, the book examines the success of these pilot schemes and the SCP's record in building new relationships between people and government. It argues that the SCP has operated in a political vacuum, without recognition of the long and problematic histories and cultural politics of urban environmental governance in Eastern and Southern Africa. This book brings these cultural and political histories to the fore in its examination of the contemporary dynamics. In doing so, it not only provides an insightful analysis of the policies and outcomes for the SCP, but also puts forward a historically grounded critique of neoliberalism, good governance and sustainable development discourses.

List of Figures

vii

List of Tables

viii

Foreword

ix

Acknowledgments

xi

List of Abbreviations

xiii

Glossary of Foreign Words

xv

Toward a Political Ecology of African Cities

1

(16)

Introduction

1

(2)

African Cities

3

(10)

Neoliberalism

5

(2)

Sustainable Development

7

(1)

Good Governance

8

(2)

The Politics of Cultural Difference

10

(3)

Political Ecology and Urban Africa

13

(1)

Conclusion

14

(3)

The Sustainable Cities Program and African Cities

17

(22)

Introduction

17

(2)

The SCP Map of Operations

19

(5)

Tanzanian and Zambian Cases

21

(3)

The United Nations and African Urban Development

24

(4)

Top-down Donor-driven Bottom-up Localized Development

28

(6)

The Exclusive City

34

(2)

Conclusion

36

(3)

Dar es Salaam: Model City for the World

39

(32)

Introduction

39

(2)

Dar es Salaam

41

(6)

The Sustainable Dar es Salaam Program

43

(4)

Neoliberalism in Dar es Salaam

47

(5)

Sustainable Development in Dar es Salaam

52

(4)

Good Governance in Dar es Salaam

56

(6)

The Politics of Cultural Difference in Dar es Salaam

62

(6)

Conclusion

68

(3)

The Mirror that Zanzibar Holds up for the World

71

(34)

Introduction

71

(1)

It all Comes Together in Zanzibar

72

(9)

The Zanzibar Sustainable Program

75

(6)

Neoliberalism in Zanzibar

81

(7)

Sustainable Development in Zanzibar

88

(4)

Good Governance in Zanzibar

92

(6)

The Politics of Cultural Difference in Zanzibar

98

(4)

Conclusion

102

(3)

Lusaka: The Years of the Rule of Money

105

(34)

Introduction

105

(1)

Lusaka

105

(8)

The Sustainable Lusaka Program

109

(4)

Neoliberalism in Lusaka

113

(6)

Sustainable Development in Lusaka

119

(4)

Good Governance in Lusaka

123

(8)

The Politics of Cultural Difference in Lusaka

131

(5)

Conclusion

136

(3)

Conclusion

139

(10)

Introduction

139

(5)

Neoliberalism or ubinafsishaji: The Years of the Rule of Money and Garbage

140

(1)

Beyond Sustainability Rhetoric: Environment and Development in Urban Africa

141

(1)

``New Geographies of Governmentality'' in African Cities?

141

(1)

``New Culture'' and the Politics of Cultural Difference

142

(2)

(Post)Script: Postcolonial Geography and Urban Policy

144

(5)

Bibliography

149

(30)

Index

179

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Disposable Cities: Garbage, Governance and Sustainable Development in Urban Africa

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Table of Contents

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