Documents in World History, Volume I From

Dramatically revised, this edition of Documents in World History gives professors a large variety of primary sources from all areas of the world. The book retains its global emphasis and includes more primary sources that balance the social and cultural history with standard selections, political coverage, and fuller coverage of the West.

Geographical Contents

ix

Topical Contents

xi

Preface

xiii

Introduction

1

(4)

Section One Early Civilizations

5

(30)

Mesopotamian Values: A Pessimistic View

7

(5)

The Gilgamesh Epic

Babylonian Law: How an Early State Regulated Its Subjects

12

(7)

Code of Hammurabi

Egypt: Religious Culture and the Afterlife

19

(6)

Book of the Dead

Visual Source

24

(1)

The Hebrew Bible

25

(10)

Isaiah; Psalms; Exodus

Section Two The Classical Period, 1000 B.C.E. to 500 C.E.

35

(138)

China

Key Chinese Values: Confucianism

36

(7)

The Analects

Legalism: An Alternative System

43

(6)

Han Feizi

Daoism

49

(5)

Daodejing

Women in Classical China: Ban Zhao

54

(7)

Lessons for Women

The Role of the State in the Economy

61

(7)

The Salt and Iron Debates

Visual Source

66

(2)

Classical India

``To Fight in a Righteous War''

68

(6)

Varna and Moral Duty in India

What the Buddha Taught: The Four Noble Truths

74

(7)

from the Buddha's First Sermon

Visual Source

79

(2)

Emperor Ashoka and ``Right Conduct''

81

(6)

The Doctrine of Dhamma

The State and The Economy in India: The Arthashastra

87

(6)

Kautilya: Treatise on Material Gain

Gender Relations in India: Four Types of Evidence

93

(8)

The Therigatha; Laws of Manu; The Mahabharata

Visual Source

99

(2)

Greece and Rome

The Greek Political Tradition

101

(4)

Plutarch on Sparta

Athenian Democracy and Culture

105

(5)

Pericles' Funeral Oration

Mediterranean Social and Family Structure

110

(4)

Aristotle, Politics and Economics

Principles of Roman Political Virtue: Plutarch

114

(4)

Moralia (Precepts of Statecraft)

The Roman Military and the Empire

118

(7)

Josephus

Women and the Law in Rome

125

(4)

Legal Codes

The Fall of Rome

129

(4)

Marcellinus

Global Contacts and World Religions

Whistling Arrows and Chinese Emperors

133

(7)

Sima Qian; silk statistics

Precious Commodities and Cultural Interchange

140

(12)

Rome, Arabia, India, and China

Visual Source

150

(2)

Monks and Monarchs: Buddhism Spreads to China, Korea, and Japan

152

(14)

Suetonius; Strabo; Pliny; Faxian

Visual Source

164

(2)

The Spread of Christianity

166

(7)

Justin, Anonymous Documents

Section Three The Post-Classical Period, 500-1500 C.E.: Expansions and Contacts

173

(171)

The Islamic Middle East

The Koran and the Family

175

(6)

Koran

The Islamic Religion

181

(5)

The Hadith

Religious and Political Organization in the Islamic Middle East

186

(7)

Al-Mawardi: Ordinance of Government

Visual Source

191

(2)

Arab Literature

193

(5)

The Thousand and One Nights

China and Japan

Peasant Life in Tang and Song China: Evidence from Poetry and Legal Documents

198

(10)

DuFu; Bo Zhuyi; Liu Zongyuan; Bi Rixiu

Visual Source

206

(2)

``The Noble and Magnificent City of Hangzhou'': Marco Polo in China

208

(5)

The Travels of Marco Polo

Valor and Fair Treatment: The Rise of the Samurai

213

(6)

The Tale of the Heike; Hojo Shigetoki

Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Russia

The Early Stages of the Byzantine Empire

219

(6)

Procopius on Justinian

Visual Source

Russia Converts to Christianity

225

(4)

Russian Primary Chronicle

Western Europe

Feudalism: Contemporary Descriptions and the Magna Carta

229

(6)

Fulbert, Bishop of Chartres on Feudalism; Feudal Contract; the Magna Carta

Medieval Theology: Thomas Aquinas Blends Faith and Reason

235

(8)

Summa Theologica

Visual Source

241

(2)

Ideals of Courtly Love: A New Definition of ``Relationships''

243

(5)

Andreas Capellanus: Art of Courtly Love

Chaucer and the Literary Traditions of the Middle Ages

248

(8)

Canterbury Tales

Merchants and the Rise of Commerce

256

(4)

The Gild Merchant of Southampton

Africa

Al-Bakri on West Africa

260

(6)

African Kingdoms and Islam

266

(7)

Ibn Battuta

Visual Source

271

(2)

The Americas

The Mayan Creation Story

273

(4)

Popol Vuh

Tribute under the Aztecs

277

(5)

Oviedo y Valdes, Historia General y Natural de la Indias

Visual Source

280

(2)

The Andean Kingdom of Chuquito in 1567

282

(3)

Waldeman Soriano Visita

Forces of Change

Merchants and Trade: Sources and Comparisons

285

(7)

Ibn Khaldun; Reginald of Durham on Saint Godric

Global Contacts: Travelers to Holy Places Buddhist, Christian, and Muslim Pilgrims

292

(14)

Sramana Huili, Xuanzang; Willibald, Anonymous Nun of Heidenheim; Ibn Jubayr; al-Umari

Visual Source

304

(2)

Global Contacts: Sailing to Calicut Chinese and Portuguese Voyages

306

(7)

Ma Huan; Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama

The Crusades: Christian and Muslim Views

313

(8)

Ekkeharsi; Count Stephen Bek-el-Oin; Vsamals Ibn-Mungidh

The Mongols

Chingis Khan and the Rise of the Mongols

321

(13)

Juvaini; Russian Chronicles; Rashid al-Din; William of Rubruck

Visual Source

332

(2)

The Mongol Empire Takes Shape

334

(10)

Asian and European Sources

Mongol Rule in Russia

344

(1)

Chronicles of Time

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Documents in World History, Volume I From Ancient Times to 1500

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials