Dr. Ambedkar And Untouchability: Fighting The

B. R. Ambedkar (1891-1956) rose from a community of untouchables to become a major figure in modern Indian history. He was the first Dalit, or low-caste Hindu, ever to be formally educated, studying in the United States and Britain, where he gained his Ph.D. Despite his achievements he remained true to his background and fought for the Dalits throughout his life. He is universally regarded as India's first and foremost Dalit leader.

Christophe Jaffrelot is director of CERI (the Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Internationales) at Sciences Po in Paris

Acknowledgements

vii

Maps

xi

Introduction: The First Dalit Leader of India

1

(7)

Maharashtra between Social Reform and anti-Brahmin Mobilisation

8

(11)

Maharashtra and its socio-political system

8

(3)

The questioning of the social order during the nineteenth century

11

(8)

Ambedkar: Son of a Mahar Soldier

19

(12)

Mahars, first of the last

20

(6)

The family environment: the army and Western education under princely patronage

26

(5)

Analysing and Ethnicising Caste to Eradicate it More Effectively

31

(21)

Inventing a golden age for the lower castes: the prestige of autochthony

38

(4)

How to resist Sanskritisation?

42

(10)

In the Political Arena, against Gandhi

52

(22)

Reserved seats or separate electorates?

53

(6)

Arm wrestling with Gandhi and the Poona Pact

59

(12)

Ambedkar and the Arya Samaj

71

(3)

Searching for an Electoral Strategy

74

(17)

The ILP, or how to defend workers without being a Marxist

74

(6)

The Scheduled Castes' Federation and caste politics

80

(4)

From the SCF to the RPI---a return to the ILP?

84

(7)

Opposition or Collaboration? Ambedkar's Pragmatism and Resilience

91

(15)

The British---objective allies?

91

(7)

Ambedkar, a Dalit leader in the establishment of post-1947 India

98

(8)

Shaping the Indian Constitution

106

(13)

The `False Manu'?

106

(2)

The revenge on Gandhi of a westernised democrat

108

(6)

The Hindu Code Bill and the break with Nehru

114

(5)

The `Solution' of Conversion

119

(24)

Conversion, a strategy of social emancipation?

120

(11)

The choice of Buddhism as an egalitarian creed

131

(12)

The Impact and Relevance of Ambedkar Today

143

(18)

The target of Gandhians and Hindu nationalists

144

(2)

Collaborator with the British and gravedigger of social reform?

146

(4)

The political legacy of Ambedkar: posterity or treason?

150

(11)

Conclusion

161

(6)

Notes

167

(31)

Select Bibliography

198

(5)

Index

203

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Dr. Ambedkar And Untouchability: Fighting The Indian Caste System

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Author Biography

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Dr. Ambedkar And Untouchability: Fighting The Indian Caste System

Summary

Author Biography

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