The Economics of European Agriculture

The Economics of European Agriculture explains the Demand and Supply characteristics of agricultural markets, as well as government intervention in agriculture, with an emphasis on the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP).Bernadette Andreosso-O'Callaghan also analyses the fifth enlargement and its implications for agriculture in Europe, technology and innovation, and agricultural trade liberalization.

Bernadette Andreosso-O'Callaghan is Professor, College of Business, University of Limerick.

List of Figures

xi

List of Tables

xiii

Acknowledgements

xvi

Introduction

1

(3)

1 Concepts and Definitions

4

(37)

Objectives of this chapter

4

(1)

1.1 Definition and scope of the field of agricultural economics

4

(6)

1.2 Global trends in supply

10

(13)

1.3 The role of agriculture in economic development

23

(14)

Summary

37

(1)

Key terms and concepts

37

(1)

Notes

38

(1)

Bibliography

38

(3)

2 Demand and Supply - Market Mechanisms for Agricultural Products

41

(24)

Objectives of this chapter

41

(1)

Introductory remarks

41

(1)

2.1 The demand function - price and income elasticities of demand

42

(4)

2.2 Characteristics of supply

46

(5)

2.3 The market mechanism for agricultural products

51

(9)

2.4 The structure of EU agricultural holdings

60

(1)

2.5 Concluding remarks - the 'farm' problem

61

(1)

Key terms and concepts

62

(1)

Notes

62

(1)

Bibliography

63

(2)

3 Government Intervention in Agriculture

65

(24)

Objectives of this chapter

65

(1)

Introduction

65

(1)

3.1 The rationale for government intervention in agriculture

66

(1)

3.2 Agricultural support policies: methods and effects

67

(9)

3.3 Early European agricultural policies

76

(10)

Summary

86

(1)

Key terms and concepts

87

(1)

Notes

87

(1)

Bibliography

88

(1)

4 The Common Agricultural Policy

89

(42)

Objectives of this chapter

89

(1)

Introduction

89

(1)

4.1 Birth and mechanisms of the CAP

90

(10)

4.2 Critical appraisal of the CAP: relative success/failure of the policy

100

(12)

4.3 CAP reforms and the future of the policy

112

(14)

Conclusion

126

(1)

Key terms and concepts

127

(1)

Notes

128

(1)

Bibliography

129

(2)

5 Technology and Innovation

131

(35)

Objectives of this chapter

131

(1)

Introduction - technology and economic growth

131

(3)

5.1 Major innovations in European agriculture

134

(8)

5.2 Models of innovation diffusion and adoption

142

(8)

5.3 The importance of knowledge in agriculture

150

(2)

5.4 Agricultural innovation in the EU

152

(9)

Summary

161

(1)

Key terms and concepts

162

(1)

Notes

162

(1)

Bibliography

163

(3)

6 A Wider European Union: Enlargement to Central and Eastern Europe, Cyprus and Malta

166

(23)

Objectives of this chapter

166

(1)

Introductory remarks

166

(1)

6.1 Previous enlargements

167

(3)

6.2 Enlargement to the CEECs, to Cyprus and Malta

170

(16)

Summary

186

(1)

Key terms and concepts

187

(1)

Notes

187

(1)

Bibliography

188

(1)

7 The EU as an Agricultural Trade Partner

189

(31)

Objectives of this chapter

189

(1)

Introduction: overview of world trade patterns and comparative advantage of countries

189

(5)

7.1 The major agricultural trade partners of the EU

194

(4)

7.2 EU trade agreements with a number of selected developing countries

198

(13)

7.3 Tackling rural poverty and malnutrition in the developing world: EU cooperation with LDCs

211

(4)

Summary

215

(1)

Key terms and concepts

216

(1)

Notes

217

(1)

Bibliography

218

(2)

8 Agricultural Trade Liberalization

220

(32)

Objectives of this chapter

220

(1)

Introduction

220

(2)

8.1 The Uruguay Round of negotiations - the measurement of trade distortions

222

(10)

8.2 The 1992 Blair House pre-accord, the 'oilseeds' dispute and the Marrakech agreement

232

(4)

8.3 The CAP-GATT/WTO link

236

(1)

8.4 Estimating the effects of trade liberalization

237

(7)

8.5 The future - the November 2001 Doha agenda and beyond

244

(2)

Conclusions: contentious issues in the new round of negotiations

246

(2)

Key terms and concepts

248

(1)

Notes

248

(1)

Bibliography

249

(3)

Conclusions: The Future of EU and World Agriculture - The Challenges Ahead

252

(6)

Index

258

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The Economics of European Agriculture

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