The Education of John Adams

The Education of John Adams is the first biography of John Adams by a biographer with legal training. It examines his origins in colonial Massachusetts, his education, and his struggle to choose a career and define a place for himself in colonial society. It explores the flowering of his legal career and the impact that law had on him and his understanding of himself; his growing involvement with the American Revolution as polemicist, as lawyer, as congressional delegate, and as diplomat; and his commitment to defining and expounding ideas about constitutionalism and how it should work as the body of ideas shaping the new United States.

The book traces his part in launching the government of the United States under the U.S. Constitution; his service as the nation's first vice president and second president; and his retirement years, during which he was first a vexed and rejected ex-president and then became the revered Sage of Braintree. It describes the relationships that sustained him - with his wife, the brilliant and eloquent Abigail Adams; with his children; with such allies and supporters as Benjamin Rush and John Marshall; with such sometime friends and sometime adversaries as Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson; and with such foes as Alexander Hamilton and Timothy Pickering.

Bernstein establishes Adams as a key figure in the evolution of American constitutional theory and practice. This is the first biography to examine Adams's conflicted and hesitant ideas about slavery and race in the American context, raising serious questions about his mythic status as a friend of human equality and a foe of slavery. This book's foundation is the record left by Adams himself--in diaries, letters, essays, pamphlets, and books. The Education of John Adams concludes by re-examining the often-debated question of the relevance of Adams's thought to our own time.

R. B. Bernstein is Lecturer in Law and Politics at the City College of New York, where he has taught since 2011; he is also a distinguished adjunct professor of law at New York Law School, where he has taught since 1991. An expert on the American Revolution, the Constitution's origins, and the early
republic, he has written, edited, or coedited more than twenty-five books on these subjects. He is a graduate of Amherst College and the Harvard Law School and did his graduate work in history at New York University. He lives in Brooklyn, NY.

Preface: "Let us dare to read, think, speak and write"
1. "Something should be said of my origin":
From Braintree to Harvard (1735-1755)
2. "It is my Destiny to dig Treasures with my own fingers":
Law and Marriage (1755-1765)
3. "Britain and America are staring at each other":
Revolutionary Advocate (1761-1774)
4. "We must for the future stand upon our own Leggs or fall":
Continental Congress and Independence (1774-1777)
5. "May the Design of my Voyage be answered":
Revolutionary Diplomat, Polemicist, and Constitution-Maker (1777-1783)
6. "every phenomenon that occurs in the history of government":
American Minister and Constitutional Commentator (1783-1788)
7. "The most insignificant office":
Vice President (1788-1797)
8. "May none but wise and honest Men ever rule under this roof":
President John Adams (1797-1801)
9. "In dogmatizing, laughing, and scolding I find delight":
Retirement (1801-1812)
10. "What do we mean by the Revolution?"
The Sage of Quincy (1812-1826)
Epilogue: "Whether you or I were right Posterity must judge.": The Legacies of John Adams

Chronology
A Note on Sources
Notes
Further Reading