Electromagnetic Radiation: Atomic, Molecular,

Combined with Volumes 29A and 29B, this volume is a comprehensive treatment of the key experimental methods of atomic, molecular, and optical physics, as well as an excellent experimental handbook for the field. Thewide availability of tunable lasers in the past several years has revolutionized the field and lead to the introduction of many new experimental methods that are covered in these volumes. Traditional methods are also included to ensure that the volumes will be a complete reference source for the field.

CONTRIBUTORS

xi

(2)

PREFACE

xiii

(2)

VOLUMES IN SERIES

xv

1. Laser-Produced Plasmas as Short-Wavelength Incoherent Optical Sources

1

(22)

JAMES F. YOUNG

1.1. Introduction

1

(5)

1.2. Black-Body Radiators

6

(1)

1.3. Laser-Produced Plasmas

7

(6)

1.4. Practical Considerations

13

(5)

References

18

(5)

2. Synchrotron Radiation

23

(22)

PETER D. JOHNSON

2.1. Introduction

23

(1)

2.2. Synchrotron Radiation Characteristics

24

(9)

2.3. Light Monochromatization

33

(7)

2.4. Applications

40

(2)

References

42

(3)

3. Continuous Wave Dye Lasers

45

(32)

ANDREW DIENES

DIEGO R. YANKELEVICH

3.1. Introduction

45

(1)

3.2. Basic Dye Laser Principles

46

(4)

3.3. Simple CW Dye Laser Theory

50

(6)

3.4. Actual CW Dye Lasers

56

(15)

3.5. Alignment of a CW Dye Laser

71

(2)

References

73

(4)

4. Semiconductor Diode Lasers

77

(26)

R. W. FOX

A. S. ZIBROV

L. HOLLBERG

4.1. Introduction

77

(1)

4.2. General Characteristics of Diode Lasers

77

(7)

4.3. Extended-Cavity Lasers

84

(5)

4.4. Electronics

89

(6)

4.5. Optical Coatings on Laser Facets

95

(2)

4.6. Diode Laser Frequency Noise and Stabilization

97

(2)

4.7. Extending Wavelength Coverage

99

(1)

References

100

(3)

5. Frequency Stabilization of Tunable Lasers

103

(34)

MIAO ZHU

JOHN L. HALL

5.1. Introduction

103

(3)

5.2. Optical Frequency References

106

(15)

5.3. Transducers

121

(3)

5.4. Loop Filter

124

(2)

5.5. Design Examples

126

(8)

5.6. Summary

134

(1)

References

134

(3)

6. Pulsed Lasers

137

(34)

MICHAEL G. LITTMAN

XIAO WANG

6.1. Introduction

137

(1)

6.2. Pulsed Lasers

138

(12)

6.3. Buyer's Guide

150

(3)

6.4. Builder's Guide

153

(16)

6.5. Summary

169

(1)

References

169

(2)

7. Techniques for Modelocking Fiber Lasers

171

(22)

IRL N. DULING III

7.1. Introduction

171

(1)

7.2. Cavity Building

171

(4)

7.3. Modelocking

175

(12)

7.4. Diagnostics

187

(3)

References

190

(3)

8. Characterization of Short Laser Pulses

193

(38)

T. FEURER

R. SAUERBREY

8.1. Introduction

193

(3)

8.2. Spatial Characterization and Focusing

196

(2)

8.3. Conventional Detectors for nsec to psec Pulses

198

(1)

8.4. Streak Camera

199

(4)

8.5. Autocorrelation and Cross-Correlation Techniques

203

(20)

8.6. Special Techniques for the VUV and X-Ray Regions

223

(4)

References

227

(4)

9. Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion Techniques

231

(48)

U. SIMON

F. K. TITTEL

9.1. Introduction

231

(2)

9.2. Second-Harmonic Generation

233

(14)

9.3. Sum- and Difference-Frequency Generation

247

(5)

9.4. Third-Harmonic Generation and Four-Wave Mixing

252

(3)

9.5. Optical Parametric Amplifiers (OPAs) and Oscillators (OPOs)

255

(11)

9.6. Raman Shifters

266

(2)

9.7. Up-Conversion Lasers

268

(2)

References

270

(9)

10. Optical Wavelength Standards

279

(32)

JURGEN HELMCKE

10.1. Introduction

279

(1)

10.2. Basic Scheme of an Optical Wavelength Standard

280

(8)

10.3. Iodine-Stabilized Lasers

288

(6)

10.4. Wavelength Standards Utilizing Narrow Resonances of Laser-Cooled Absorbers

294

(9)

10.5. Optical Frequency Measurement

303

(4)

10.6. Conclusions

307

(1)

References

307

(4)

11. Precise Wavelength Measurement of Tunable Lasers

311

(32)

MIAO ZHU

JOHN L. HALL

11.1. Introduction

311

(1)

11.2. The XXX-Meter (Scanning Michelson Interferometer)

312

(19)

11.3. The Fizeau Wavemeter

331

(6)

11.4. Plane-Parallel Interferometers with CCD Readout

337

(1)

11.5. Summary and Outlook

338

(1)

References

339

(4)

12. Optical Materials and Devices

343

(26)

SAMI T. HENDOW

12.1. Introduction

343

(1)

12.2. Optical Materials and Performance

343

(4)

12.3. Optical Components

347

(6)

12.4. Polarization-Controlling Components

353

(5)

12.5. Passive Optical Devices

358

(8)

References

366

(3)

13. Guided-Wave and Integrated Optics

369

(28)

LEON McCAUGHAN

13.1. Introduction

369

(1)

13.2. Optical Waveguides

369

(2)

13.3. Fibers

371

(10)

13.4. Guided-Wave Integrated Optics

381

(11)

13.5. Concluding Points

392

(1)

References

393

(4)

INDEX

397

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