Encyclopedia of American Public Policy

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ISBN: 9781576070239 | 1576070239
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 7/1/1999

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Public policy rules our lives, from federal environmental regulations and state testing of doctors to city dog licensing and municipal parking restrictions. Cutting through the complexities of this vast and often misunderstood subject, this unique reference work illuminates important concepts, terms, actors, legislation, and milestones of American public policy.

Foreword

(2)

Preface

xiii

(2)

Introduction

Encyclopedia of American Public Policy

Key Concepts

(50)

Accountability

(1)

Administrative Agencies

(1)

Administrative Law

(1)

Administrative Procedure Act of 1946

(1)

Advisory Committees

(1)

Agenda Building

(1)

Allocational Policy

(1)

Amendments

(1)

American Values

(1)

Amicus Curiae

(1)

Annual Budget

(1)

Appropriations Committee

(1)

Articles of Confederation

(1)

Backdoor Spending

(1)

Balance of Payments

(1)

Bill (Legislative)

(1)

Block Grants

(1)

Cabinet

(1)

Capitalism

(1)

Casework

(1)

Categorical Grants

(1)

Cloture

(1)

Coalitions

(1)

Code of Federal Regulations

(1)

Committee System, Congressional

(1)

Communitarianism

(1)

Community Organizations

(1)

Conference Committee

(1)

Congress, United States

(2)

Conservatism

(1)

Corporatism

(1)

Cost-benefit Analysis

(1)

Decision Analysis

(1)

Democracy

(1)

Demographic Change

(1)

Direct Democracy

(1)

Distributive Policy

(1)

Diversity

(1)

Division of Labor (U.S. Congress)

(1)

Domestic Policy Council

(1)

Dual Federalism

(1)

Due Process

(1)

Econometric Approach

(1)

Elitist Model

(1)

Evaluation

(1)

Federal Advisory Committee Act of 1972

(1)

Federal Register

(1)

Federal System

(1)

Federalism

(1)

Federalist Papers, The

(1)

Gerrymandering

(1)

Goal Specification

(1)

Government in the Sunshine Act of 1976

(1)

Government Performance and Results Act of 1993

(1)

Horizontal Federalism

(1)

Ideology

(1)

Implementation

(1)

Incrementalism

(1)

Independent Regulatory Agencies

(1)

Indirect Costs and Benefits

(1)

Indirect Democracy

(1)

Industrialized Nation

(1)

Institutional Agenda

(1)

Intended Consequences

(1)

Interest Groups

(1)

Iron Triangle

(1)

Isolationism

(1)

Issue Attention Cycle

(1)

Issue Networks

(1)

Judicial Review

(1)

Legislative Staff

(1)

Legislature

(1)

Legitimacy

(1)

Liberalism

(1)

Local Government

(1)

Majority Building

(1)

Multiculturalism

(1)

National Performance Review

(1)

New Federalism

(1)

Nontarget Groups

(1)

Open Society

(1)

Oversight

(1)

Partisan Analysis

(1)

Perception

(1)

Picket Fence Federalism

(1)

Pluralism

(1)

Policy Adoption

(1)

Policy Advocacy

(1)

Policy Analysis

(1)

Policy Choices

(1)

Policy Cycle

(1)

Policy Outcomes

(1)

Policy Outputs

(1)

Political Behavior

(1)

Political Culture

(1)

Political Machine

(1)

Political Parties

(1)

Political Resources

(1)

Political Socialization

(1)

Pork Barrel Legislation

(1)

President

(1)

Protectionism

(1)

Public Bureaucracy

(1)

Public Choice Theory

(1)

Public Interest Research Groups

(1)

Public Management

(1)

Public Opinion

(1)

Public Organizations

(1)

Public Policy

(1)

Public Sector

(1)

Redistributive Policy

(1)

Regulation

(1)

Representation

(1)

Rulemaking

(1)

Standard Operating Procedures

(1)

Sunset Laws

(1)

Supreme Court

(1)

Target Groups

(1)

Two-party System

(1)

Typologies

(1)

Vertical Federalism

(2)

Agriculture

(8)

Agribusiness

(1)

Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933

(1)

Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938

(1)

Agricultural Credits Act of 1923

(1)

Agricultural Marketing Act of 1929

(1)

Agricultural Policy

(1)

Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of 1937

(1)

California Veterans' Farm and Home Purchase Act of 1921

(1)

Chavez, Cesar Estrada

(1)

Cooperative Marketing Act of 1923

(1)

Farm Bill of 1996

(1)

Farm Credit Act of 1933

(1)

Farm Subsidies

(1)

Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916

(1)

Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act of 1934

(1)

LaFollette, Robert M.

(1)

McNary-Haugen Bill

(1)

Smith-Lever Act of 1914

(1)

Civil Rights

(16)

Affirmative Action

(1)

American Association of Retired Persons

(1)

American Civil Liberties Union

(1)

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

(1)

Anthony, Susan B.

(1)

Brown v. Board of Education

(1)

Civil Rights Act of 1991

(1)

Civil Rights Acts

(1)

Civil Rights Movement

(2)

Civil Rights Policy

(1)

Confiscation Act of 1861

(1)

De Facto Segregation

(1)

De Jure Segregation

(1)

DuBois, W.E.B.

(1)

Emancipation Proclamation

(1)

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

(1)

Equal Protection

(1)

Equal Rights Amendment

(1)

Fifteenth Amendment

(1)

Fourteenth Amendment

(1)

Friedan, Betty

(1)

Gay and Lesbian Rights

(1)

Glass Ceiling

(1)

Jackson, Jesse

(1)

Jim Crow Laws

(1)

King, Martin Luther, Jr.

(1)

Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson

(1)

Motor Voter Act of 1993

(1)

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

(1)

Nineteenth Amendment

(1)

Pro-choice Groups

(1)

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

(1)

Thirteenth Amendment

(1)

Women's Movement

(2)

Commerce and Transportation

(8)

Act to Regulate Commerce of 1887

(1)

Elkins Act of 1903

(1)

Esch-Cummins Transportation Act of 1920

(1)

Federal Maritime Commission

(1)

Free Trade

(1)

Hepburn Act of 1906

(1)

Industrial Policy

(1)

Interstate and Defense Highway Act of 1956

(1)

Interstate Commerce Commission

(1)

Mann-Elkins Act of 1910

(1)

National Association of Manufacturers

(1)

National Railroad Passenger Corporation

(1)

National Transportation and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966

(1)

Railroad Revitalization and Reform Act of 1976

(1)

Small Business Administration

(1)

Transportation Policy

(2)

Communications

(8)

Communications Act of 1934

(1)

Communications Decency Act of 1996

(1)

Communications Policy

(1)

Corporation for Public Broadcasting

(1)

Fairness Doctrine

(1)

Federal Communications Commission

(1)

Freedom of Information Act

(1)

Internet

(1)

Media Power

(1)

National Association of Broadcasters

(1)

National Cable Television Association

(1)

National Endowment for the Arts

(1)

New York Times v. Sullivan

(1)

Public Broadcasting Act of 1967

(1)

Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission

(2)

Crime

(10)

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1993

(1)

Capital Punishment

(1)

Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1994

(1)

Correctional Policy

(1)

Crime Control Bill of 1994

(1)

Criminal Justice Policy

(1)

Decriminalization

(1)

Department of Justice

(1)

Drug Enforcement Administration

(1)

Exclusionary Rule

(1)

Federal Bureau of Investigation

(1)

Federal Gun Control Act of 1968

(1)

Gideon v. Wainwright

(1)

Mapp v. Ohio

(1)

Miranda v. Arizona

(1)

Mothers Against Drunk Driving

(1)

National Rifle Association

(1)

Plea Bargaining

(1)

Police Culture

(1)

Police Discretion

(1)

Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act of 1970

(2)

Economics

101

(22)

American Dream Restoration Act

101

(1)

Balanced Budget Amendment

102

(1)

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985

102

(1)

Banking Act of 1935

102

(1)

Budget and Accounting Act of 1921

103

(1)

Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974

103

(1)

Budget Deficit

103

(1)

Budget Enforcement Act of 1990

104

(1)

Budget, Federal

104

(1)

Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914

105

(1)

Congressional Budget Office

105

(1)

Council of Economic Advisers

106

(1)

Deficit Reduction Act of 1984

106

(1)

Department of Treasury

106

(1)

Deregulation

107

(1)

Dingley Tariff Act of 1897

108

(1)

Earned Income Tax Credit

108

(1)

Economic Development Administration

108

(1)

Economic Policy

109

(1)

Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981

110

(1)

Economic Stagnation

110

(1)

Enterprise Zones

111

(1)

Family Reinforcement Tax Relief Act of 1996

111

(1)

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

111

(1)

Federal Reserve Board

112

(1)

Federal Revenue Sharing

112

(1)

Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation

113

(1)

Federal Trade Commission

113

(1)

Flat Tax

113

(1)

Galbraith, John Kenneth

113

(1)

General Accounting Office

114

(1)

General Services Administration

114

(1)

Gramm-Rudman Act of 1985

114

(1)

Income Tax of 1894

115

(1)

Internal Revenue Service

115

(1)

Kemp, Jack

115

(1)

Keynesian Economics

115

(1)

McCulloch v. Maryland

116

(1)

National Banking Act of 1864

116

(1)

National Debt

116

(1)

National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933

117

(1)

New Deal

117

(1)

Office of Management and Budget

118

(1)

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Acts

118

(1)

Planning, Programming, Budgeting System

119

(1)

Program Budgeting

119

(1)

Proposition 13

120

(1)

Public Corporations

120

(1)

Revenue and Expenditure Control Act of 1968

120

(1)

Tax Equity and Financial Responsibility Act of 1982

120

(1)

Tax Policy

120

(3)

Education

123

(10)

"America 2000: An Education Strategy"

124

(1)

American Federation of Teachers

124

(1)

Basic Education Opportunity Grant

124

(1)

Bilingual Education

125

(1)

Boards of Education

125

(1)

Charter Schools

125

(1)

Department of Education

126

(1)

Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981

126

(1)

Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

126

(1)

Education Policy

126

(2)

Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965

128

(1)

G. I. Bill

128

(1)

Head Start

129

(1)

Higher Education

129

(1)

Land Ordinance of 1785

129

(1)

Lemon v. Kurtzman

129

(1)

National Defense Education Act of 1958

129

(1)

National Education Association

130

(1)

National Endowment for the Humanities

130

(1)

National Science Foundation Act of 1950

130

(1)

Serrano v. Priest

130

(1)

Vocational Rehabilitation Acts

131

(1)

Vouchers

131

(2)

Energy

133

(8)

Atomic Energy Act of 1946

134

(1)

Atomic Energy Commission

135

(1)

Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards

135

(1)

Department of Energy

136

(1)

Energy Policy

137

(1)

Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975

137

(1)

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

138

(1)

Groves, Leslie

138

(1)

Jackson, Henry

138

(1)

Lilienthal, David

139

(1)

Low-Level Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1980

139

(1)

Nuclear Energy Policy

139

(1)

Three Mile Island

140

(1)

Entitlement Programs

141

(8)

Aid to Families with Dependent Children

141

(1)

Cash Benefit Programs

142

(1)

Entitlement Programs

142

(1)

Family Support Act of 1988

143

(1)

Food Stamp Act of 1964

143

(1)

Harrington, Michael

143

(1)

Medicaid

144

(1)

Medicare

144

(1)

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick

144

(1)

Poverty Policy

145

(1)

Poverty Programs

145

(1)

Social Security Act of 1935

146

(1)

Supplemental Security Income

146

(1)

Townshend Movement

147

(1)

Welfare Policy

147

(2)

Environment

149

(18)

Acid Rain

150

(1)

Air Pollution Policy

150

(1)

Air Quality Act of 1967

151

(1)

Carson, Rachel

151

(1)

Chlorofluorocarbons

152

(1)

Clean Air Acts

152

(1)

Clean Water Act of 1972

153

(1)

Comprehensive Environmental Response Act of 1980

154

(1)

Conservation

154

(1)

Department of Interior

155

(1)

Endangered Species Act of 1973

156

(1)

Environmental Impact Statement

156

(1)

Environmental Policy

157

(1)

Environmental Protection Agency

158

(1)

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

158

(1)

Federal Water Pollution Control Act and Amendments

159

(1)

Forest Service

159

(1)

Friends of the Earth

159

(1)

Global Warming

160

(1)

Green Index

160

(1)

Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972

161

(1)

Montreal Protocols

161

(1)

Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act of 1965

161

(1)

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

161

(1)

Natural Resources Defense Council

162

(1)

NIMBY

162

(1)

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976

162

(1)

Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974

162

(1)

Sierra Club

163

(1)

Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936

163

(1)

Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965

163

(1)

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977

164

(1)

Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976

164

(1)

Tradable Emissions Allowances

164

(1)

Transboundary Pollution

165

(1)

Uranium Mill Tailings Reclamation Act of 1980

165

(2)

Health

167

(20)

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

168

(1)

ACTUP

168

(1)

Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health

169

(1)

Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration

169

(1)

American Cancer Society

169

(1)

American Health Security Act

169

(1)

American Hospital Association

170

(1)

American Medical Association

170

(1)

Anti-tobacco Policy

171

(1)

Catastrophic Health Insurance

171

(1)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

172

(1)

Cipallone v. Liggett Group

172

(1)

Common Sense Legal Reform Act

172

(1)

Comprehensive Health Manpower Training Act of 1971

172

(1)

Comprehensive Smoking Education Act of 1984

173

(1)

Consumer Product Safety Act of 1972

173

(1)

Council for Tobacco Research

173

(1)

Department of Health and Human Services

174

(1)

Diagnosis-related Groups

174

(1)

Emergency Health Personnel Act of 1973

175

(1)

Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

175

(1)

Fauci, Anthony S.

175

(1)

Federal Emergency Management Agency

175

(1)

Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards Act of 1968

176

(1)

Food and Drug Administration

176

(1)

Galbraith v. R.J. Reynolds Industries

176

(1)

Hammond, E. Cuyler

177

(1)

Hazardous Substances Labeling Act of 1960

177

(1)

Health Care Industry

177

(1)

Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973

178

(1)

Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974

178

(1)

Health Policy

178

(2)

Health Professionals Educational Assistance Acts of 1963 and 1976

180

(1)

Health Systems Agencies

180

(1)

Kennedy-Corman Bill of 1974

180

(1)

Kerr-Mills Act of 1960

181

(1)

Marsee v. U.S. Tobacco

181

(1)

Mississippi v. American Tobacco et al.

181

(1)

Nader, Ralph

182

(1)

National Health Insurance

182

(1)

National Institutes of Health

183

(1)

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

183

(1)

Occupational Safety and Health Policy

183

(1)

Pepper, Claude

184

(1)

Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921

184

(1)

Shilts, Randy

184

(3)

Housing

187

(6)

Department of Housing and Urban Development

187

(1)

Federal Housing Administration

188

(1)

Habitat for Humanity

189

(1)

Home Owners Refinancing Act of 1933

189

(1)

Homelessness

189

(1)

Homestead Act of 1862

190

(1)

Housing and Community Development Act of 1974

190

(1)

Housing Policy

190

(1)

National Affordable Housing Act of 1990

191

(2)

Labor

193

(18)

American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations

193

(1)

Child Labor Laws

194

(1)

Civil Service

195

(1)

Civil Service Reform Act of 1978

195

(1)

Civil Works Emergency Relief Act of 1934

196

(1)

Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969

196

(1)

Comparable Worth

196

(1)

Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973

197

(1)

Department of Labor

197

(1)

Earnings Gap

198

(1)

Economic Opportunity Act of 1964

198

(1)

Emergency Relief Appropriations Act of 1935

199

(1)

Employment Act of 1946

199

(1)

Employment Policy

199

(1)

Equal Pay Act of 1963

200

(1)

Federal Emergency Relief Act of 1933

201

(1)

Griggs v. Duke Power Company

201

(1)

Hawthorne Effect

201

(1)

Help Through Industrial Training Act of 1982

201

(1)

Hine, Lewis W.

202

(1)

Immigration and Naturalization Service

202

(1)

Immigration Policy

202

(1)

Industrial Accident Commission of California

203

(1)

Job Creation and Wage Enhancement Act

204

(1)

Job Training Programs

204

(1)

Labor Policy

204

(2)

Manpower Development and Training Act of 1962

206

(1)

Mills, C. Wright

206

(1)

Mine Safety and Health Administration

206

(1)

Model Cities Program

207

(1)

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

207

(1)

National Labor Relations Board v. Jones and Laughlin Steel Corp.

208

(1)

Oakland Project

208

(1)

Office of Personnel Management

208

(1)

Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes Act of 1943

209

(1)

Smith-Hughes Act of 1917

209

(2)

Bibliography

211

(6)

Index

217

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Encyclopedia of American Public Policy

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

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5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

Encyclopedia of American Public Policy

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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