Encyclopedia Of Media And Politics

, by Schaefer, Todd M.; Birkland, Thomas A.

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ISBN: 9781568028354 | 1568028350
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/30/2007

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The topics covered include: - Business and institutional aspects of the media; - Evolution and impact of different media including; - Newspapers; - Broadcast and cable television; - New technologies.- Coverage of and relations with the White House, Congress, political parties, and other political institutions; - Legislation and court cases affecting the media; - Important debates, such as those over media bias and election coverage; - Profiles of organizations and agencies, such as the Federal Communications Commission; - Profiles of influential media outlets; - Biographies of important figures.

About This Book

Articles and Contributors

xiii

Chronology of Major Media and Political Events, 1690--2006

xxi

Introduction: The Intersection of Media and Politics

xxv

Doris A. Graber

ABC

(1)

Abell, Arunah Shepherdson

(1)

Accuracy in Media

(1)

Action for Children's Television

(1)

Adams, John

(1)

Advocacy journalism

(1)

African Americans and the media

(3)

Agenda setting

(1)

Agnew, Spiro T.

(1)

Ailes, Roger

(1)

Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798

(1)

Alternative media

(2)

American Society of Newspaper Editors

(1)

American Spectator

(1)

Anderson, Jack

(1)

Apple, R. W., Jr.

(1)

Arledge, Roone

(1)

Asian Americans and the media

(2)

Associated Press

(1)

Attack journalism

(1)

Atwater, Lee

(1)

Background

(1)

Bandwagon effect

(1)

Bantam Books v. Sullivan (1963)

(1)

Bennett, James Gordon

(1)

Bernays, Eddie

(1)

Bernstein, Carl

(1)

Block, Herbert Lawrence

(1)

Blumenthal, Sidney

(1)

Bly, Nelly

(1)

Bradlee, Ben

(1)

Branzburg v. Hayes (1972)

(1)

Bridges v. California (1941)

(1)

Brinkley, David

(1)

Broder, David S.

(1)

Brokaw, Tom

(1)

Bryant, William Cullen

(1)

Buchanan, Pat

(2)

Buckley, William F., Jr.

(1)

Cable Communication Policy Act of 1984

(1)

Cable television

(3)

Camel News Caravan

(1)

Campaigns, elections, and the media

(3)

Cartoons, editorial

(2)

Carville, James

(1)

Cater, Douglass

(1)

CBS

(1)

Censorship

(1)

Center for Investigative Reporting

(1)

Center for Media and Public Affairs

(1)

Center for Media Literacy

(1)

Chancellor, John

(1)

Children and the media

(3)

Chomsky, Noam

(1)

Christian Broadcasting Network

(1)

Christian Science Monitor

(1)

Civil society and the media

(2)

CNN

(1)

Cohen, Richard

(1)

Commentary

(1)

Commercial speech

(1)

Communications Act of 1934

(1)

Communications Decency Act of 1996

(1)

Communications Satellite Act of 1962

(1)

Competition

(1)

Corporation for Public Broadcasting

(1)

CQ Weekly

(1)

Credibility gap

(1)

Crisis journalism

(2)

Cronkite, Walter

(1)

Cross-ownership

(1)

C-SPAN

(2)

Daisy girl commercial

(1)

Davis, Richard Harding

(1)

Day, Benjamin Henry

(1)

Deaver, Michael K.

(1)

Documentaries

(1)

Donahue, Phil

(1)

Donaldson, Sam

(1)

Editorials

(1)

Embedding

(1)

Endorsements

(1)

Equal time rule

(1)

Ethics and the media

(3)

Evening network news

(1)

Exit polls

(3)

Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting

(1)

Fairness doctrine

(2)

Fallows, James

(1)

Federal Communications Commission

(1)

Federal Communications Commission v. Pacifica Foundation (1978)

(1)

Federal Radio Commission

(1)

Federalist Papers

(1)

Fenno, John

(1)

Fireside chats

(1)

First Amendment

(4)

Fleischer, Ari

(1)

Fourth estate

(1)

Fox Broadcasting Corporation

(1)

Framing

(1)

Franken, Al

(1)

Franklin, Benjamin

(1)

Franklin, James

(1)

Freedom Forum

(1)

Freedom of Information Act of 1966

(1)

Freneau, Philip Morin

(2)

Gag orders

(1)

Gannett

(1)

Gannett Co. v. DePasquale (1979)

(1)

Gatekeeping

(1)

Gazette of the United States

(1)

Gergen, David

(1)

Gitlow v. New York (1925)

(1)

Globalization of communication

(3)

Graham, Katharine

102

(1)

Greeley, Horace

103

(2)

Haig v. Agee (1981)

105

(1)

Hamilton, Alexander

105

(1)

Hard and soft news

106

(1)

Hart, Gary

107

(1)

Hearst, William Randolph

108

(1)

Hewitt, Don

109

(1)

History of American journalism

109

(3)

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr.

112

(1)

Horse race journalism

112

(1)

Hustler v. Falwell (1988)

113

(2)

Imus, Don

115

(1)

Investigative reporting

115

(1)

Issue coverage

116

(1)

Jefferson, Thomas

117

(1)

Jennings, Peter

118

(1)

Kennedy-Nixon debates

119

(1)

Kilpatrick, James J.

120

(1)

Kissinger, Henry

120

(1)

Knight Ridder

121

(1)

Koppel, Ted

121

(1)

Kristol, William

122

(1)

Krock, Arthur

122

(3)

Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia (1978)

125

(1)

Late night talk shows

125

(1)

Latinos and the media

126

(2)

Lawrence, David, Jr.

128

(1)

Lewis, Anthony

129

(1)

Libel law

130

(1)

Liddy, G. Gordon

130

(1)

Limbaugh, Rush

131

(1)

Lippmann, Walter

132

(1)

Los Angeles Times

133

(1)

Luce, Henry R.

133

(2)

Magazines

135

(2)

Matalin, Mary

137

(1)

McCarthy, Joseph

138

(1)

McClellan, Scott

138

(1)

McClure, S. S.

139

(1)

McCurry, Mike

139

(1)

McGrory, Mary

139

(1)

McLaughlin, John

140

(1)

Media and Congress

140

(3)

Media and the courts

143

(2)

Media and the presidency

145

(4)

Media bias

149

(4)

Media consultants

153

(1)

Media diplomacy

154

(1)

Media elitism

154

(4)

Media feeding frenzies

158

(1)

Memoirs v. Massachusetts (1966)

159

(1)

Mencken, H. L.

160

(1)

Miller v. California (1973)

161

(1)

Minority portrayals

161

(1)

Mother Jones

162

(1)

Moyers, Bill

163

(1)

Muckraking

163

(1)

Mudd, Roger

164

(1)

Murdoch, Rupert

164

(1)

Murrow, Edward R.

165

(1)

Muskie incident

166

(1)

Myers, Dee Dee

166

(1)

Nast, Thomas

167

(1)

Nation

168

(1)

National Association of Broadcasters

168

(1)

National Gazette

169

(1)

National Journal

169

(1)

National Public Radio

169

(1)

National Review

170

(1)

National security

170

(1)

Native Americans and the media

171

(2)

NBC Universal

173

(1)

Near v. Minnesota (1931)

174

(1)

New journalism

175

(1)

New media

175

(4)

New Republic

179

(1)

News analysis

179

(1)

News blackouts

180

(1)

Newsgathering process

180

(1)

News magazines

181

(1)

News management

181

(2)

Newspapers

183

(3)

Newsworthiness

186

(2)

New York Evening Post

188

(1)

New York Sun

189

(1)

New York Times

189

(1)

New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)

190

(1)

New York Times v. United States (1971)

190

(1)

Nixon, Richard M.

191

(2)

Objectivity

193

(1)

Obscenity and pornography

194

(2)

Office of Communications

196

(1)

Office of Telecommunications Policy

197

(1)

Off the record

197

(1)

Op-Ed

197

(1)

Ownership of media

198

(5)

Pack journalism

203

(1)

Paine, Thomas

203

(1)

PBS

204

(1)

Penny press

205

(1)

Pentagon Papers

205

(1)

Pew Research Center for the People and the Press

206

(1)

Phillips, David Graham

206

(1)

Political content in advertising

206

(3)

Political correspondents

209

(1)

Political participation and the media

210

(2)

Political parties and the press

212

(3)

Political satire

215

(1)

Politics and film

216

(3)

Polls and the media

219

(1)

Pool journalism

220

(1)

Presidential debates

221

(3)

Presidential press conferences

224

(3)

Presidential radio addresses

227

(1)

Press secretaries

227

(1)

Prior restraint

228

(1)

Privacy

229

(2)

Privacy Protection Act of 1980

231

(1)

Propaganda

231

(1)

Pseudo-crisis

232

(1)

Pseudo-events

232

(1)

Public Broadcasting Act of 1967

232

(1)

Public/Civic journalism

233

(1)

Public diplomacy

234

(3)

Public Telecommunications Act of 1978

237

(1)

Pulitzer, Joseph

237

(1)

Pulitzer Prize

238

(1)

Pundit shows

239

(2)

Radio

241

(2)

Radio Act of 1927

243

(1)

Raspberry, William

243

(1)

Rather, Dan

244

(1)

Raymond, Henry Jarvis

244

(1)

Reagan, Ronald

245

(1)

Reasoner, Harry

246

(1)

Red Lion Broadcasting Co., Inc. v. FCC (1969)

246

(1)

Reese, Matt

247

(1)

Reid, Whitelaw

247

(1)

Religion and the media

248

(2)

Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union (1997)

250

(1)

Reporting events

251

(1)

Reston, James B.

252

(1)

Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia (1980)

252

(1)

Right of access

252

(1)

Right-of-rebuttal rule

253

(1)

Robertson, Pat

254

(1)

Roll Call

254

(1)

Rollins, Ed

254

(1)

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

255

(1)

Roth v. United States (1957)

256

(1)

Rusher, William

256

(1)

Safire, William

257

(1)

Salinger, Pierre

257

(1)

Sarnoff, David

258

(1)

Sawyer, Diane

258

(1)

Scandal

259

(3)

Schieffer, Bob

262

(1)

Schorr, Daniel

262

(1)

Scripps, E. W.

263

(1)

Sedition Act of 1918

263

(1)

Sevareid, Eric

264

(1)

Shaw, Bernard

265

(1)

Sheppard v. Maxwell (1966)

265

(1)

Sihield laws

265

(1)

Shields, Mark

266

(1)

Shrum, Bob

266

(1)

Sinclair, Upton

267

(1)

Smith, Howard K.

268

(1)

Socialization

269

(1)

Social responsibility

269

(1)

Sound bite

270

(1)

Special interest groups and political advertising

270

(2)

Spin

272

(1)

Spin doctors

272

(1)

Stanley v. Georgia (1969)

273

(1)

Steffens, Lincoln

273

(1)

Stephanopoulos, George

274

(1)

Sunday news shows

275

(2)

Tabloids

277

(1)

Talk radio

278

(1)

Talk shows

279

(1)

Telecommunications Act of 1996

280

(1)

Telegraph

280

(1)

Television, broadcast

281

(3)

Terrorism and the media

284

(2)

Thomas, Helen

286

(1)

Thomas confirmation hearings

286

(1)

Time pressures

287

(1)

Town meetings

288

(1)

Trippi, Joe

288

(1)

Turner, Ted

289

(1)

Twain, Mark

290

(1)

United Press International

291

(1)

USA Today

291

(1)

U.S. Information Agency

292

(1)

Village Voice

293

(1)

Voice of America

293

(2)

Wall Street Journal

295

(1)

Walters, Barbara

295

(1)

War and the media

296

(4)

Washington Post

300

(1)

Watchdog role

300

(1)

Watergate

301

(1)

White, William Allen

302

(1)

White House press corps

303

(1)

Will, George

303

(1)

Willie Horton ad

304

(1)

Wire services

304

(1)

Women in politics and the media

305

(2)

Woodward, Bob

307

(2)

Yellow journalism

309

(1)

Young v. American Mini Theatres (1976)

310

(1)

Zenger, John Peter

311

(1)

Ziegler, Ron

312

(1)

Zuckerman, Mort

312

(1)

Zurcher v. Stanford Daily (1978)

313

(17)

Appendix

Constitution of the United States

317

(9)

Communications in the United States

326

(4)

Credits for Photographs and Illustrations

330

(3)

Index

333

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Encyclopedia Of Media And Politics

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