Engaged Philosophy

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ISBN: 9780802038906 | 0802038905
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 5/12/2007

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David Braybrooke is one of the most important figures in North American philosophy. His work in political philosophy is both prolific and significant and he has made a number of contributions to the philosophical corpus with books on topics as diverse as utilitarianism, natural law, and moral objectives. Engaged Philosophyis a collection of original essays written in honour of Braybrooke by some of his colleagues and students at Halifax?s Dalhousie University.The collection covers ideas and themes introduced by Braybrooke in his work and a wide range of Braybrooke?s interests, ranging from various topics in moral philosophy to issues in the philosophy of social science. It is divided into two main parts: ?Practical Engagement,? which explores some of the practical implications of Braybrooke?s work, and ?Theoretical Engagement,? which explores some of the theoretical issues at the heart of his work. Engaged Philosophyis an invaluable collection for anyone who has engaged with Braybrooke?s writings or is interested in the future directions North American philosophy might take.Contributors: Nathan Brett Bryson Brown Steven Burns Richard Campbell Sue Campbell Michael Hymers Edna Keeble Duncan MacIntosh Meredith Ralston Peter Schotch Susan Sherwin Sharon Sutherland Tom Vinci

Acknowledgments	p. xi
Introduction: About David Braybrooke
David Braybrooke, the Personal Story	p. 5
David Braybrooke, the Scholar	p. 11
Overview of Essays	p. 14
References	p. 20
Practical Engagement	p. 21
Teaching Class: Justice and Privatization in Education
Introduction	p. 23
Privatization and Costs	p. 26
Efficiency	p. 27
Benefits	p. 28
Two Normative Contrasts	p. 31
Exclusion	p. 31
Partiality	p. 32
The Public-Private Divide in the 'Real World'	p. 34
Education, Equality, and Choice	p. 35
The Demands of Justice	p. 37
Free-Market Choices	p. 38
The Priority of Justice	p. 40
Education as a Human Need	p. 42
Fair Opportunity	p. 45
Teaching Class	p. 47
Determining Health Care Needs after the Human Genome Project: Reflections on Genetic Tests for Breast Cancer
Introduction	p. 52
The World after the Human Genome Project	p. 55
The Case for Treating BRCA Testing as a Need	p. 57
Some Complicating Features of BRCA Testing	p. 61
Towards a Relational Understanding of Needs	p. 65
BRCA Testing Revisited	p. 69
The Mutual Limitation of Needs as Bases of Moral Entitlements: A Solution to Braybrooke's Problem
Introduction	p. 78
The Appeal of Needs	p. 78
Braybrooke's Problem	p. 80
Possible Solutions to Braybrooke's Problem	p. 83
Questioning the Empirical Assumptions of the Problem	p. 83
The Defeasibility of Needs	p. 84
Is the Location of Needs in Individuals or Groups?	p. 84
Do People Really Need Indefinitely Long Lives?	p. 87
Needs to Life Extension Not Really More Pressing Than So-Called Less Basic Needs	p. 88
Meeting Basic Needs versus Meeting the Needs the Meeting of Which Makes Life Worth Living	p. 89
Meeting Other People's Needs as Not Really Being a Cost to the Meeting of Our Own Needs Given That We Are Needs Altruists	p. 89
Needs as Relative to Projects Approved by Communities; Re-Choosing Needs	p. 90
The Conceptual Analysis of Needs; the Axiomatics of Needs	p. 92
Canadians and Global Beneficence: Human Security Revisited
Introduction	p. 102
The Ethics of State Responsibility	p. 106
'Freedom from Fear' and 'Freedom from Want'	p. 111
The Ethics of Individual Responsibility	p. 117
Rethinking Human Security	p. 122
Braybrooke on Public Policy: Precautionary and Fair; Feasible and Ameliorative
Introduction to Braybrooke's Strategy	p. 126
Approaches to Making Public Policy	p. 131
The Rational-Deductive, Comprehensively Rational, Synoptic, or Economics Model	p. 131
Satisficing, or Environmental Heuristics: Simon's Alternative	p. 134
Some of Simon's Successors	p. 139
Incrementalism	p. 142
Braybrooke's Citizen Management	p. 145
Braybrooke's Disjointed Incrementalism	p. 147
Virtues of Disjointed Incrementalism for the Individual	p. 148
Virtues of Disjointed Incrementalism in a Social Process	p. 150
Braybrooke's Cautions	p. 152
Policy Applications Compared	p. 153
Conclusion	p. 160
Life of Pi and the Existence of Tigers
Introduction	p. 166
Author's Note	p. 168
Toronto and Pondicherry	p. 170
A Digression on Belief	p. 173
The Tiger in the Lifeboat	p. 175
Ockham's Razor	p. 177
Ministry of Transport Investigators	p. 182
Which Is the Better Story?	p. 185
Is the Tiger REAL?	p. 187
Theoretical Engagement	p. 191
David Braybrooke's Philosophy of Social Science
Introduction	p. 193
Traditional Philosophy of Social Science	p. 195
Braybrooke's Contribution	p. 201
Feminist Epistemologies	p. 210
Conclusions	p. 220
Empathy and Egoism
Introduction	p. 221
Sherman's Account of Empathy	p. 225
Default Egoism in Sherman	p. 227
Imagining Empathic Selves	p. 231
Moral Sentiment	p. 234
Common Purpose and Relational Interests	p. 237
Re-imagining the Self	p. 241
The Problem of Moral Judgement
The Problem	p. 249
Moral Realism: The Default Position	p. 252
Externalist Moral Realism	p. 254
Internalist Moral Realism	p. 256
The Belief-Desire Theory of Moral Judgment	p. 259
Two Objections Briefly Considered	p. 263
The Opposition between Reason and Emotion	p. 264
Moral Claims and Epistemic Contexts
Moore's Open Question	p. 273
Deflationism	p. 277
Contextualism: Default and Challenge	p. 279
Contextualism	p. 283
Ethical Contexts and Meta-ethical Contexts	p. 287
Conclusion	p. 299
Braybrooke and the Formal Structure of Moral Justification
Introduction	p. 301
Braybrooke on the Open-Question Argument	p. 303
Explorations	p. 306
Three Conceptions of Meta-ethics	p. 310
A Side Trip to Epistemology	p. 312
The Main Line of Advance Resumed	p. 315
An Alternative Briefly Considered	p. 321
David Braybrooke on the Track of PPE
Introduction	p. 323
How Track Came About	p. 325
The Basic Set-up	p. 327
How to Apply Moral Philosophy	p. 327
Actions	p. 328
When Good Actions Go Badly	p. 332
Rules	p. 334
Utilitarianism	p. 336
Where's the Politics?	p. 339
Bootstrapping Norms: From Cause to Intention
Introduction	p. 343
Rules in Logic on the Track of Social Change	p. 347
Some Worries	p. 350
The Bootstrap Argument	p. 353
The Roots of Normativity	p. 358
Evolutionary Advantage	p. 358
Naturalism	p. 359
Metalanguage	p. 359
The Bootstrap	p. 360
Interpretation of Self and Others	p. 362
Another-Literary-Side of David Braybrooke: The Comic Dialectician	p. 365
A (Summer's) Day	p. 365
Excerpt from Faculty Council Minutes, 29 September 1983	p. 368
Excerpt from Faculty Minutes, 11 October 1983	p. 369
An Open Letter from David Braybrooke	p. 369
David Braybrooke's Publications 1955-2005	p. 373
Books	p. 373
Journal Articles	p. 374
Chapters in Books	p. 378
Book Reviews	p. 384
Notes on Contributors	p. 387
References	p. 391
Index	p. 413
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Engaged Philosophy

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