Engineering Ethics Concepts and Cases with CD-ROM

, by Harris, Charles E.; Pritchard, Michael S.; Rabins, Michael J.

Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.

ISBN: 9780534533977 | 0534533973
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 8/19/1999

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This text bridges the gap between theory and practice in engineering ethics. The authors provide real-life cases; structured methodology for analyzing cases; and examples of cases that have been analyzed to give students a true understanding of what is involved in practicing ethical engineering. Codes of Ethics are also provided and discussed.

Preface

PART ONE CRITICAL APPROACHES

(96)

Engineering Ethics: Making the Case

(27)

Introduction

(2)

Role Morality

(2)

What Is a Profession?

(2)

Professional Ethics

(3)

The NSPE Board of Ethical Review

(1)

Engineering Ethics as Preventive Ethics

(5)

The Importance of Thinking Ahead

(1)

Education in Preventive Ethics

(3)

Cases, Cases, Cases!

(4)

Chapter Summary

(4)

Cases to Consider

(3)

Framing the Problem

(29)

Introduction

(1)

Common Morality

(3)

Moral Justification

(2)

An Illustration: Research Involving Humans

(2)

Two Key Concepts: Universalizability and Reversibility

(1)

Analyzing a Case

(4)

A Sample Case

(3)

Factual Issues

(4)

Discerning Relevant Facts

(1)

Known and Unknown Facts

(1)

Conceptual Issues

(7)

Defining Concepts

(3)

Applying Concepts

(3)

General and Specific Moral Problems

(3)

Chapter Summary

(4)

Cases to Consider

(2)

Methods for Moral Problem Solving

(16)

Introduction

(1)

Line-Drawing

(4)

Conflicting Values: Creative Middle Way Solutions

(8)

Gilbane Gold

(3)

Standpoints of the Judge and the Agent

(1)

Chapter Summary

(2)

Cases to Consider

(2)

Organizing Principles

(22)

Introduction

(2)

Utilitarian Thinking

(1)

Three Utilitarian Approaches

(6)

The Cost/Benefit Approach

(2)

The Act Utilitarian Approach

(1)

The Rule Utilitarian Approach

(2)

The Ethics of Respect for Persons

(1)

Three Respect for Persons Approaches

(8)

The Golden Rule

(3)

The Self-Defeating Criterion

(1)

Rights

(4)

Convergence, Divergence, and Creative Middle Ways

(1)

Chapter Summary

(3)

Cases to Consider

(2)

PART TWO GENERIC CONCERNS

(76)

Responsible Engineers

(18)

Introduction

(1)

Concepts of Responsibility

100

(1)

The Minimalist View

101

(2)

Reasonable Care

103

(1)

Good Works

104

(3)

Do Engineers Need Virtues?

107

(1)

Impediments to Responsibility

108

(5)

Self-Interest

108

(1)

Fear

109

(1)

Self-Deception

109

(1)

Ignorance

110

(1)

Egocentric Tendencies

110

(1)

Microscopic Vision

110

(1)

Uncritical Acceptance of Authority

111

(1)

Groupthink

112

(1)

Chapter Summary

113

(4)

Cases to Consider

114

(3)

Honesty, Integrity, and Reliability

117

(28)

Introduction

117

(2)

Ways of Misusing the Truth

119

(2)

Lying

119

(1)

Deliberate Deception

120

(1)

Withholding Information

120

(1)

Failing to Adequately Promote the Dissemination of Information

120

(1)

Failure to Seek Out the Truth

120

(1)

Revealing Confidential or Proprietary Information

121

(1)

Allowing One's Judgment to Be Corrupted

121

(1)

Why Is Dishonesty Wrong?

121

(2)

Honesty on Campus

123

(2)

Integrity in Engineering Research and Testing

125

(3)

Integrity in the Use of Intellectual Property

128

(4)

Integrity and Client-Professional Confidentiality

132

(2)

Integrity and Expert Testimony

134

(1)

Integrity and Failure to Inform the Public

135

(2)

Conflicts of Interest

137

(5)

What Is a Conflict of Interest?

138

(1)

Conflicts of Interest and Accepting Gifts

139

(3)

Chapter Summary

142

(3)

Cases to Consider

143

(2)

Risk, Safety, and Liability in Engineering

145

(28)

Introduction

146

(1)

The Codes and Engineering Practice Regarding Risk and Safety

147

(1)

Difficulties in Estimating Risk

148

(5)

Detecting Failure Modes

148

(2)

Are There ``Normal Accidents''?

150

(3)

Normalizing Deviance

153

(1)

The Expert's Approach to Acceptable Risk: Identifying and Defining Acceptable Risk

154

(3)

Identifying Risk

154

(1)

Utilitarianism and Acceptable Risk

155

(1)

Risk as Maximizing Benefit

156

(1)

The Layperson's Approach to Acceptable Risk

157

(4)

Expert and Layperson

157

(1)

Informed Consent and Justice

158

(3)

The Government Regulator's Approach to Risk

161

(2)

The Engineer's Liability for Risk

163

(3)

The Standards of Tort Law

163

(2)

Protecting Engineers from Liability

165

(1)

Becoming a Responsible Engineer Regarding Risk

166

(2)

Chapter Summary

168

(5)

Cases to Consider

169

(4)

PART THREE SPECIAL TOPICS

173

(108)

Engineers as Employees

175

(31)

Introduction

176

(1)

The Codes and Employer-Employee Relationships

176

(2)

The Changing Legal Status of Employee Rights

178

(2)

The Public-Policy Exception

178

(1)

Statutory Protection

179

(1)

The Manager-Engineer Relationship

180

(3)

Differences in Perspective Between Managers and Engineers

180

(1)

Two Empirical Studies

181

(2)

Paradigmatic Engineering and Management Decisions

183

(5)

Functions of Engineers and Managers

183

(2)

Paradigmatic and Nonparadigmatic Examples

185

(3)

The Challenger Case

188

(3)

Loyalty: Uncritical and Critical

191

(3)

Responsible Organizational Disobedience

194

(5)

Disobedience by Contrary Action

194

(2)

Disobedience by Nonparticipation

196

(1)

Disobedience by Protest

197

(2)

Implementing Professional employee Rights

199

(3)

Chapter Summary

202

(4)

Cases to Consider

203

(3)

Engineers and the Environment

206

(27)

Introduction

207

(1)

Engineering Codes and the Environment

208

(2)

Code References to the Environment

208

(1)

Sustainable Development

209

(1)

Controversy over the Environment

210

(5)

Two Important Distinctions

210

(2)

Why the Reluctance to Be Concerned with the Environment?

212

(1)

Searching for a Criterion for ``Clean''

213

(2)

What Does the Law Say?

215

(4)

Federal Laws on the Environment

215

(2)

The Courts on the Environment

217

(1)

So, How Clean Is Clean?

218

(1)

Balancing Wealth and Health: A Criterion for ``Clean''

219

(2)

A Degree-of-Harm Criterion

219

(2)

The Anthropocentric Approach to Environmental Ethics

221

(4)

Animal Liberation and Engineering Ethics

222

(1)

The Environmental Movement and Engineering Ethics

223

(2)

The Scope of Professional Engineering Obligations to the Environment

225

(2)

Two Modest Proposals

227

(3)

Chapter Summary

230

(3)

Cases to Consider

231

(2)

International Engineering Professionalism

233

(32)

Introduction

234

(1)

Problems in International Professionalism

235

(4)

Values and Practices

236

(1)

Economic Conditions

237

(1)

Background Institutions

237

(1)

Corruption

238

(1)

Noncitizen Status

238

(1)

Vulnerability

238

(1)

Problems in Interpreting and Applying the Codes in the International Context

239

(5)

The Welfare Requirement

240

(1)

Bribery and Conflicts of Interest

241

(1)

The Environment

242

(1)

Nondiscrimination

242

(1)

The Reputation of the Profession

243

(1)

Promoting Knowledge and Avoiding Deception

243

(1)

Striking a Balance

244

(2)

Guidelines for Interpreting the Codes: (1) Human Rights

246

(4)

The Internationalization of Rights

246

(2)

Are Rights a Western Invention?

248

(2)

Guidelines for Interpreting the Codes: (2) Avoiding Paternalism and Exploitation

250

(3)

Guidelines for Interpreting the Codes: (3) Applying the Golden Rule

253

(3)

Bribery, Extortion, Grease Payments, and Gifts

256

(3)

Bribery

256

(1)

Extortion

257

(1)

Grease Payments

258

(1)

Gifts

259

(1)

Sweatshops in Asia

259

(3)

Chapter Summary

262

(3)

Cases to Consider

263

(2)

Engineering Professionalism and Ethics: Issues Old and New

265

(16)

Introduction

265

(1)

Professional Engineering Societies: Promoting Rather Than Enforcing Ethics

266

(4)

Limitations in Enforcing Ethics

266

(2)

Promoting Ethics

268

(2)

American Engineering Societies

270

(2)

State Registration Boards

272

(1)

The National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)

273

(2)

Universal Engineering Licensure and the Industry Exemption

275

(2)

Gender and Minority Issues

277

(1)

Chapter Summary

278

(3)

Cases to Consider

279

(2)

Cases

281

(78)

Bibliography

359

(8)

Videotapes for Use in Engineering Ethics

367

(4)

Index

371

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Engineering Ethics Concepts and Cases with CD-ROM

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