The Enlargement of the European Union

This title includes the following features: A timely assessment of theenlargement of the European Union which is due to take place in 2004; Amulti-disciplinary approach with contributions from lawyers, economists,political scientists; Theoretical and practical exploration of the realities ofthe enlargement process

Marise Cremona has been with the Centre for Commercial Law Studies since 1992 and became Deputy Director and Professor of European Commercial Law there in 2001. She teaches and researches in European Union Law, specialising in the field of European Community, and Union, external policy. Since 1989 she has had a particular interest in EU relations with central and eastern Europe, and has been engaged in legal training programme and consultancy work in the candidate States and other States of the region.

Table of Cases

ix

Table of Treaties and Legislation

xi

List of Tables

xvii

List of Figures

xix

Notes on Contributors

xxi

Introduction

1

(8)

Marise Cremona

An Unprecedented Enlargement

1

(1)

The Institutional and Constitutional Dimension

2

(3)

Inclusion and Exclusion

5

(2)

The External Dimension of Enlargement

7

(2)

Pre-accession

9

(34)

Marc Maresceau

Introduction

9

(2)

Origin of the `Pre-accession Strategy' Concept

11

(3)

Europe Agreements becoming a Key Component of the EU Pre-accession Strategy

14

(3)

The 1994 Essen European Council: The Pre-accession Strategy Launched

17

(2)

The First Pre-accession Initiatives

19

(6)

Consolidation and Intensification of Pre-accession Strategies

25

(15)

`While Maintaining the Momentum of European integration'

40

(3)

Preparing for Accession to the European Union: How to Establish Capacity for Effective and Credible Application of EU Rules

43

(36)

Phedon Nicolaides

Introduction and Summary

43

(2)

What is the Significance of Effective Implementation of EU Rules?

45

(2)

Why is Effective Implementation of EU Rules an Issue in the Current Enlargement of the European Union?

47

(1)

How does the EU Ensure Effective Implementation of its Rules?

48

(4)

Are the Currently Used Methods Sufficient to Guide the Candidate Countries?

52

(1)

Why is there a Shift towards Performance Indicators?

53

(3)

So, What is Effective Policy Implementation?

56

(4)

How to Achieve Effective and Efficient Policy Implementation?

60

(1)

How to Achieve Effective and Efficient Policy Implementation in the Context of Integration Processes?

61

(2)

How much Detail should the Implementing Measures Contain?

63

(1)

Should the Candidate Countries Adopt the Proposed Institutional Approach to Building Capacity for Effective Policy Implementation?

64

(2)

Conclusion

66

(13)

The `Eastern Enlargements' of the European Union

79

(26)

Andras Inotai

Some Common Features of the Candidate Countries

80

(9)

Reflections on the 'Eastern' Enlargement of the European Union

89

(16)

The Evolution and Application of EU Membership Conditionality

105

(36)

Karen E. Smith

Why Set Conditions for Membership?

106

(3)

What are the EU's Membership Conditions?

109

(12)

The Application of Membership Conditionality vis-a-vis the CEECs

121

(9)

The Application of Membership Conditionality vis-a-vis Mediterranean States

130

(3)

The Future of Membership Conditionality

133

(4)

Conclusion

137

(4)

Strategies for Democratization and European Integration in the Balkans

141

(20)

Milada Anna Vachudova

Introduction

141

(3)

Democratization in the Balkans after 1989

144

(5)

Ousting Nationalists and Supporting Moderates

149

(8)

The European Union as an External Actor

157

(3)

Conclusion: Bringing the CFSP and Enlargement to the Balkans

160

(1)

The Impact of Enlargement: External Policy and External Relations

161

(48)

Marise Cremona

Introduction

161

(1)

The Effect of Accession on the External Policies of the New Members

162

(22)

The Effect of Accession on the External Policies of the European Community and European Union

184

(21)

Conclusions

205

(4)

The Impact of Enlargement on the Constitution of the European Union

209

(44)

Bruno de Witte

Introduction: Enlargement as Constitutional Agenda-setter for the European Union

209

(2)

Decision-making Capacity

211

(16)

Fundamental Values

227

(14)

Differentiation

241

(9)

Conclusion

250

(3)

Index

253

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The Enlargement of the European Union

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials