Environanotechnology

Understanding and utilizing the interactions between environment and nanoscale materials is a new way to resolve the increasingly challenging environmental issues we are facing and will continue to face. Environanotechnology is the nanoscale technology developed for monitoring the quality of the environment, treating water and wastewater, as well as controlling air pollutants. Therefore, the applications of nanotechnology in environmental engineering have been of great interest to many fields and consequently a fair amount of research on the use of nanoscale materials for dealing with environmental issues has been conducted.The aim of this book is to report on the results recently achieved in different countries. It provides useful technological information for environmental scientists and will assist them in creating cost-effective nanotechnologies to solve critical environmental problems, including those associated with energy production. -Presents research results from a number of countries with various nanotechnologies in multidisciplinary environmental engineering fields -Gives a solid introduction to the basic theories needed for understanding how environanotechnologies can be developed cost-effectively, and when they should be applied in a responsible manner -Includes worked examples that put environmental problems in context to show the actual connections between nanotechnology and environmental engineering

Contributors	p. xi
Preface	p. xv
Responses of Ceriodaphnia dubia to Photocatalytic Nano-Titanium dioxide Particles	p. 1
Introduction	p. 2
Materials and Methods	p. 3
Results and Discussion	p. 8
Conclusion	p. 19
Acknowledgment	p. 19
References	p. 20
High Capacity Removal of Mercury(II) Ions by Poly(Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Nanoparticles	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
Materials and Methods	p. 25
Results and Discussion	p. 29
References	p. 36
CO₂ Response of Nanostructured CoSb₂O₆ Synthesized by a Nonaqueous Coprecipitation Method	p. 39
Introduction	p. 39
Experimental	p. 40
Results and Discussion	p. 41
Conclusion	p. 51
Acknowledgments	p. 53
References	p. 53
Capture of Carbon Dioxide by Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes	p. 55
Introduction	p. 55
Materials and Methods	p. 56
Results and Discussion	p. 56
Conclusions	p. 67
Acknowledgment	p. 67
References	p. 67
Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Regeneration of BTEX Adsorption in Aqueous Solutions via NaOCL-Oxidized Carbon Nanotubes	p. 71
Introduction	p. 71
Experimental/Materials and Methods	p. 75
Results and Discussion	p. 78
Conclusions	p. 94
Acknowledgment	p. 94
References	p. 95
Nanostructured Metal Oxide Gas Sensors for Air-Quality Monitoring	p. 99
Introduction	p. 99
The Gas-Sensing Mechanism	p. 101
Effect of Catalyst and Electrical Contact Materials	p. 104
Thin-Film Deposition Methods	p. 105
Influence of Film Structure on Sensor Response	p. 109
Integrated Solid-State Sensors	p. 120
Thick-Film Technology	p. 124
Innovative Metal Oxide Architectures	p. 127
Sensor Networks for Air Monitoring	p. 129
References	p. 130
Hydrogen Storage on Carbon Adsorbents: A Review	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
Fundamentals of Adsorption	p. 139
Carbon Adsorbents	p. 142
Concluding Remarks	p. 158
Acknowledgments	p. 158
References	p. 159
Treatment of Nanodiamonds in Supercritical Water	p. 165
Introduction	p. 165
Thermodynamics of Solid Graphite and Diamond Conversion in SCW	p. 167
Experimental Procedure	p. 168
Results and Discussion	p. 1698
Conclusions	p. 175
References	p. 176
Spectrophotometric Flow-Injection System Using Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Solid Preconcentrator for Copper Monitoring in Water Samples	p. 177
Introduction	p. 178
Experimental	p. 180
Results and Discussion	p. 185
Conclusions	p. 195
Acknowledgments	p. 196
References	p. 196
Application of Carbon Nanotubes as a Solid-Phase Extraction Material for Environmental Samples	p. 199
Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Compounds	p. 201
Enrichment of Metallic Species	p. 204
Conclusions	p. 208
References	p. 209
Fire-Retarded Environmentally Friendly Flexible Foam Materials Using Nanotechnology	p. 213
Introduction	p. 213
Analysis of the Various Stages in Which a Fire is Created	p. 214
How can Nanotechnology be Used to Help Control Fires?	p. 215
Can Such a Structure be Created in Practice?	p. 216
Do We Need Anything Else to Make the Foam Fire Resistant?	p. 218
Summary	p. 220
Acknowledgments	p. 220
References	p. 220
Simulation of Hydrogen Purification by Pressure-Swing Adsorption for Application in Fuel Cells	p. 221
Introduction	p. 221
PSA Model and Solution	p. 223
Experimental	p. 227
Results and Discussion	p. 228
Conclusion	p. 242
Acknowledgments	p. 243
References	p. 243
Removal of Fine Particles on Fibrous Filters: A Review	p. 245
References	p. 254
On the Relationship between Social Ethics and Environmental Nanotechnology	p. 259
Introduction	p. 259
General Overview	p. 260
Analysis	p. 268
Conclusions	p. 278
Acknowledgment	p. 280
References	p. 280
Subject Index	p. 283
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