The Essential Calhoun

John C. Calhoun was a major actor in the political history of nineteenth-century America. His dramatic career will always be of interest. However, Calhoun is equally important as a political thinker who continues to elicit widespread interest from the most diverse points of the ideological spectrum. The Essential Calhoun is designed to present a full-fledged selection of speeches and writings taken from the entire forty-year span of his public career and from many varieties of occasions, public and private. For the first time, it is possible to appreciate Calhoun fully and to seriously examine his thought within the compass of a single volume.
Calhoun is known to posterity as the premier defender of the Old South and slavery and as the theorist of the concurrent majority. His contemporaries knew him as much else, including a political economist and foreign policy authority. As the range of writings shows, he was a valuable and often prophetic commentator who remains as timely as the Budget Crisis of 1990 and the Gulf War.
Calhoun's thought testifies to a deep and abiding concern with moral and ethical issues that confront a government resting on the consent of the people. The fundamental question with which he wrestles in all his works is how to achieve and maintain a proper balance between power and liberty in a democratic society. By providing the most representative compendium of his thought, The Essential Calhoun invites the reader to engage in this exercise of applying the moral imagination realistically to the public business in America. Historians, American studies specialists, economists, and political scientists will find this volume indispensable.

Foreword
Acknowledgments and Note to Readers
Introduction
On Government and the Concurrent Majority	p. 1
From A Disquisition on Government	p. 2
Letter to Baron F. von Gerolt	p. 43
On the Constitution of the United States	p. 51
From A Discourse on the Constitution and Government of the United States	p. 52
From The South Carolina Exposition	p. 59
From a Public Letter to Governor James Hamilton	p. 60
From the Speech in Reply to Daniel Webster on the Force Bill	p. 63
From the Speech on the Bill to Regulate the Deposits of Public Money	p. 64
On Statesmanship and Republican Virtue	p. 73
From the First Speech on the Compensation Law	p. 74
Speeches on the Bill for the Admission of Michigan	p. 75
Remarks on the Bill for the Relief of the Heirs of General William Hull	p. 96
On America and the American People	p. 105
Speeches on the Military Academies Bill	p. 105
Speech at Abbeville, South Carolina	p. 108
From the Speech on the Distribution of the Proceeds of the Public Lands	p. 112
From a Letter to Anna Maria Calhoun Clemson	p. 113
From the Speech on His Resolutions in Reference to the War with Mexico	p. 114
On War and Foreign Relations	p. 121
Speech on the Military Situation	p. 122
From the Speech on the Proposed Abrogation of Joint Occupancy of Oregon	p. 126
From the Speech on the War Appropriation Bill	p. 129
Speech on the Proposed Occupation of Yucatan	p. 133
On Taxation and Public Expenditure	p. 163
Speech at Montgomery, Alabama	p. 164
Speech on the Loan Bill	p. 170
On Free Trade	p. 189
Letter to Micah Sterling	p. 189
Speech before the Passage of the Tariff Bill	p. 191
On Banks and the Currency	p. 219
Speech on the Bill to Continue the Charter of the Bank of the United States	p. 220
Speech on His Amendment to Separate the Government and the Banks	p. 245
On the Rights of the States	p. 273
From The Fort Hill Address	p. 274
Letter to John McLean	p. 277
Remarks on the President's Message on South Carolina	p. 280
Speech Introducing Resolutions Declaratory of the Nature and Power of the Federal Government	p. 285
Public Letter to Citizens of Edgefield District, South Carolina	p. 293
On the Executive Branch	p. 303
Speech on the President's Protest	p. 304
Public Letter to Citizens of Albemarle County, Virginia	p. 319
From the Speech in Support of the Veto Power	p. 322
Public Letter to a Northern Friend	p. 324
On American Parties and Politics	p. 333
From the Speech on the Bill to Reduce Certain Tariff Duties	p. 335
Public Letter to Democratic Citizens of New York City	p. 336
Public Letter to the Indiana Democratic Committee	p. 340
From a Letter to Wilson Lumpkin	p. 341
On the Conflict of the Sections	p. 369
From The Fort Hill Address	p. 370
From the Speech on the Force Bill	p. 371
Resolutions on Abolition and the Union	p. 373
Speech on the Bill to Grant Preemption Rights to Actual Settlers on the Public Lands	p. 375
From Remarks on the Deposit Bill	p. 379
Letter to Thomas C. Reynolds	p. 380
Public Letter to a Committee of Citizens of St. Clairsville, Ohio	p. 381
Speech on the Slavery Question	p. 382
From the Speech on the Bill to Extend the Missouri Compromise Line	p. 389
From the Speech on the Compromise	p. 390
On Himself	p. 419
Letter to Thomas J. Johnson	p. 420
From the Speech in Reply to Webster on the Subtreasury Bill	p. 421
Letter to A. D. Wallace	p. 422
The Public Man	p. 423
Duty	p. 428
South Carolina	p. 429
Personal	p. 432
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The Essential Calhoun

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