Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine: Contemporary Readings in Bioethics
, by Steinbock, Bonnie; London, Alex John; Arras, John
- ISBN: 9780073535869 | 0073535869
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 3/29/2013
Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine: Contemporary Readings in Bioethics, Eighth Edition, is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art anthology that covers both traditional and emerging issues in the field of biomedical ethics. Engaging case studies preface longer, reflective papers written by leading scholars. Each of the book's seven parts begins with a helpful introduction that raises important questions and skillfully contextualizes the positions and key points of the articles that follow. This eighth edition has been thoroughly updated to include the most important recent contributions to contemporary debates, and all selections have been subjected to the editors' exacting standards for both scholarly quality and teachability.
PrefaceThe ContributersIntroduction: Moral Reasoning in the Medical ContextBioethics: Nature and ScopeSources of Bioethical Problems and ConcernsChallenges to Ethical TheoryMoral Theories and PerspectivesReligious Ethics"Rights-Based" ApproachesCommunitarian EthicsFeminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Introduction: Moral Reasoning in the Medical ContextBioethics: Nature and ScopeSources of Bioethical Problems and ConcernsChallenges to Ethical TheoryMoral Theories and PerspectivesReligious Ethics"Rights-Based" ApproachesCommunitarian EthicsFeminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Sources of Bioethical Problems and ConcernsChallenges to Ethical TheoryMoral Theories and PerspectivesReligious Ethics"Rights-Based" ApproachesCommunitarian EthicsFeminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Moral Theories and PerspectivesReligious Ethics"Rights-Based" ApproachesCommunitarian EthicsFeminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
"Rights-Based" ApproachesCommunitarian EthicsFeminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Feminist EthicsVirtue EthicsNonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Nonmoral ConsiderationsModes of Moral ReasoningPART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
PART ONE: Foundations of the Health Professional-Patient RelationshipSection 1: Autonomy, Paternalism, and Medical ModelsHippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Hippocratic OathThe Refutation of Medical Paternalism | Alan GoldmanCase Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Beneficience Today, or Autonomy (Maybe) Tomorrow?Commentary | Bernice S. ElgerCommentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Commentary | Jean-Claude ChevroletWhy Doctors Should Intervene | Terrence F. AckermanFour Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship | Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Linda L. EmanuelSection 2: Informed Consent and Truth-TellingCase Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Antihypertensives and the Risk of Temporary Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent | John D. ArrasErrors in Medicine: Nurturing Truthfulness | Françoise BaylisBioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Bioethics in a Different Tongue: The Case of Truth-Telling | Leslie J. Blackhall, Gelya Frank, Sheila Murphy and Vicki MitchelSection 3: Conflicting Professional Roles and ResponsibilitiesCase Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Vitaly Tarasoff et al. v. The Regents of the University of California et al., Defendants and RespondentsCase Study: Please Don't TellCommentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Commentary | Leonard FleckCommentary | Marcia AngellCase Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Disclosing Misattributed Paternity | Lainie Friedman RossThe Lessons of SARS | Ezekiel J. EmanuelThe Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Limits of Conscientious Objections—May Pharmacists Refuse to Fill Prescriptions for Emergency Contraception? | Julie Cantor and Ken BaumCase Study: Why Physicians Participate in Executions | Atul Gawande"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
"To Comfort Always": Physician Participation in Executions | Ken BaumRecommended Supplmentary ReadingPART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
PART TWO: Allocation, Social Justice, and Health PolicySection 1: Justice, Health, and Health CareCase Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: The Young Invincibles | David AmsdenAn Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care | President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchEqual Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Equal Opportunity and Health Care | Norman DanielsGrowth Hormone Therapy for the Disability of Short Stature | David B. AllenThe Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Genome Project, Individual Differences, and Just Health Care | Norman DanielsFoundational Ethics of the Health Care System: The Moral and Practical Superiority of Free Market Reforms | Robert M. SadeThe Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Realistic Moral Right to a Basic Minimum of Accessible Health Care | Paul T. MenzelWhy the United States Is Not Number One in Health | Ichiro KawachiOpportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Opportunity Is Not the Key | Gopal SreenivasanSection 2: Allocating Scarce ResourcesCase Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Bone Marrow Transplants for Advanced Breast Cancer: The Story of Christine Demeurers | Alex John LondonJustice and the High Cost of Health | Ronald DworkinResponsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Responsibility in Health Care: A Liberal Egalitarian Approach | Alexander W. Cappelen and Ole Frithjof NorheimLast-Chance Therapies and Managed Care: Pluralism, Fair Procedures, and Legitimacy | Norman Daniels and James SabinPrinciples for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Principles for Allocation of Scarce Medical Interventions | Govind Persad, Alan Wertheimer, and Ezekiel J. EmanuelSection 3: Organ Transplantation: Gifts Versus MarketsThe Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Case for Allowing Kidney Sales | Janet Radcliffe-Richards, Abdallah S. Daar, Ronald D. Guttman, Raymond Hoffenberg, Ian Kennedy, Margaret Lock, Robert A. Sells, Nicholas L. Tilney, for the International Forum for Transplant EthicsAn Ethical Market in Human Organs | Charles A. Erin and John HarrisBody Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Body Values: The Case against Compensating for Transplant Organs | Donald Joralemon and Phil CoxSection 4: Poverty, Health, and Justice Beyond National BordersResponsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Responsibilities for Poverty-Related Illness | Thomas W. PoggeWhat's Wrong with the Global Migration of Health Care Professionals? | James DwyerDo We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Do We Owe the Global Poor Assistance or Rectification? | Mathias RisseRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
PART THREE: Forgoing Life-Sustaining Treatment and EuthanasiaSection 1: Decisional Capacity and the Right to Refuse TreatmentCase Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: State of Tennessee Department of Human Services v. Mary C. NorthernTranscript of Proceedings: Testimony of Mary C. NorthernDeciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Deciding for Others: Competency | Allen Buchanan and Dan W. BrockCase Study: A Chronicle: Dax's Case as It Happened | Keith BurtonConfronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Confronting Death: Who Chooses, Who Controls? | Dax Cowart and Robert BurtSection 2: Advance DirectivesEnough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Enough: The Failure of the Living Will | Angela Fagerlin and Carl E. SchneiderTesting the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios | Norman L. CantorSection 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 3: Choosing for Once-Competent PatientsCase Study: Erring on the Side of Theresa Schiavo: Reflections of the Special Guardian ad Litem | Jay WolfsonCase Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: In the Matter of Claire C. ConroyThe Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis | John D. ArrasNutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Nutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections | U.S. Bishops' Pro-Life CommitteeQuality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach | Rebecca S. Dresser and John A. RobertsonThe Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Limits of Legal Objectivity | Nancy K. RhodenSection 4: Choosing for Never-Competent PatientsCase Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Termination of Life-Support for a Never-Competent Patient: The Case of Sheila Pouliot | Alicia R. OuelletteExtreme Prematurity and Parental Rights After Baby Doe | John A. RobertsonParental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Parental Refusal of Medical Treatment for a Newborn | John J. Paris, Michael D. Schreiber, and Michael P. MorelandSection 5: Physician-Assisted DeathCase Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Death and Dignity: A Case of Individualized Decision Making | Timothy E. QuillVoluntary Active Euthanasia | Dan W. BrockPhysician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Physician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View | John D. ArrasCase Study: ‘To Thine Own Self Be True’: On The Loss of Integrity as a Kind of Suffering | Henri WijsbekEuthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Euthanasia: The Way We Do It, the Way They Do It:End-of-Life Practices in the Developed World | Margaret P. BattinIs There a Duty to Die? | John Hardwig"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
"For Now Have I My Death": The "Duty to Die" versus the Duty to Help the Ill Stay Alive | Felicia Nimue AckermanRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
PART FOUR: Life, Death, and Moral StatusSection 1: The Significance of DeathThe Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Whole-Brain Concept of Death Remains Optimum Public Policy | James L. BernatPersonal Statement of Edmund D. Pellegrino, M.D.An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
An Alternative to Brain Death | Jeff McMahan"Human Non-Person": Terri Schiavo, Bioethics, and Our Future | Wesley J. SmithHow Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
How Much of the Brain Must Be Dead? | Baruch A. BrodySection 2: The Morality of AbortionThe Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion | Pope John Paul IIOn the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion | Mary Anne WarrenWhy Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Why Abortion Is Immoral | Don MarquisA Defense of Abortion | Judith Jarvis ThomsonSection 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 3: Embryonic Stem-Cell ResearchEmbryo Ethics—The Moral Logic of Stem-Cell Research | Michael J. SandelAcorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Acorns and Embryos | Robert P. George and Patrick LeePART FIVE: ReproductionSection 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 1: Procreative ResponsibilityCase Study: Melissa Rowland | Susan M. HaackMelissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Melissa Rowland and the Rights of Pregnant Women | Howard Minkoff and Lynn M. PaltrowThe Rights and Responsibilities of Pregnant Women | Susan M. HaackReproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Reproductive Freedom and Prevention of Genetically Transmitted Harmful Conditions | Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel WiklerPrenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A Challenge to Practice and Policy | Adrienne AschDisability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Disability, Prenatal Testing, and Selective Abortion | Bonnie SteinbockCase Study: Molly and Adam Nash: Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Save a Sibling | Bonnie SteinbockSection 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 2: Assisted ReproductionThe Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty | John RobertsonInstruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Instruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation | Vatican, Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithWhat are Families For? Getting to an Ethics of Reproductive Technology | Thomas H. MurrayCase Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Grade A: The Market for a Yale Woman's Eggs | Jessica CohenPayment for Egg Donation | Bonnie SteinbockSection 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 3: Reproductive CloningThe Case against Cloning-to-Produce-Children | The President's Council on BioethicsReproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Reproductive Cloning: Another Look | Bonnie SteinbockEven If It Worked, Cloning Wouldn't Bring Her Back | Thomas H. MurrayRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Recommended Supplementary ReadingPART SIX: Experimentation on Human SubjectsSection 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 1: Born in Scandal: The Origins of U.S. Research EthicsThe Nuremburg CodeCase Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: The Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital Case | John D. ArrasCase Study: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment | James H. JonesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research | The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral ResearchSection 2: The Ethics of Randomized Clinical TrialsEthical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Ethical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients: Examples from the Field of Gynecologic Oncology | Maurie MarkmanOf Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Randomized Clinical Trial | Samuel Hellman and Deborah S. HellmanA Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
A Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients | Benjamin FreedmanSection 3: Deprivation and Less Than the Best Standard of CareCase Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: The Willowbrook Hepatitis Studies | David J. Rothman and Sheila M. RothmanUnethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries | Peter Lurie and Sidney M. WolfeCase Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Case Study: Children and "Minimal Risk" Research: The Kennedy-Krieger Lead Paint Study | Alex John LondonAZT Trials and Tribulations | Robert A. Crouch and John D. ArrasThe Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Ambiguity and the Exigency: Clarifying "Standard of Care" Arguments in International Research | Alex John LondonRisk Standards for Pediatric Research: Rethinking the Grimes Ruling | David WendlerRecommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Recommended Supplementary ReadingPART SEVEN: Emerging TechnologiesSection 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 1: Behavioral GeneticsUsing Genetics to Understand Human Behavior: Promises and Risks | Steven E. HymanMy Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
My Genome, My Self | Steven PinkerSection 2: Enhancing Humans and Remaking NatureThe Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Designer Baby Myth | Steven PinkerGenetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings | Julian SavulescuThe Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
The Case Against Perfection: What's Wrong with Designer Children, Bionic Athletes, and Genetic Engineering | Michael J. SandelThe Intrinsic Scientific Value of Reprogramming Life | Mark A. BedauSection 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Section 3: NeuroethicsNeuroethics: A Guide for the Perplexed | Martha J. FarahRecommended Supplementary Reading
Recommended Supplementary Reading
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