Ethics: Contemporary Readings

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ISBN: 9780415256810 | 041525681X
Cover: Nonspecific Binding
Copyright: 12/16/2003

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Ethics: Contemporary Readingsis designed for anyone interested in the subject, presenting carefully selected classic and contemporary articles. The book includes pieces by the leading figures in the field and provides an excellent entry to the topic. The book complements Harry Gensler'sEthics: A Contemporary Introduction(Routledge, 1998), or can be used as a stand-alone volume.

Preface

vii

Acknowledgments

viii

Harry J. Gensler: Moral Philosophy

(24)

James C. Swindal and Earl W. Spurgin: The History of Ethics

(18)

PART I: INITIAL APPROACHES TO MORALITY: CULTURAL RELATIVISM, SUBJECTIVISM, AND SUPERNATURALISM

Ruth Benedict: Defending Cultural Relativism

(7)

Harry J. Gensler and Mary Grace Tokmenko: Against Cultural Relativism

(8)

David Hume: Ethical Claims Describe Feelings

(5)

Thomas Nagel: Ethical Claims Are Objective

(6)

C.S. Lewis: The Moral Law Is from God

(8)

The Bible: Love of God and Neighbor

(8)

PART II: FURTHER APPROACHES TO MORALITY: INTUITIONISM, EMOTIVISM, AND PRESCRIPTIVISM

G.E. Moore: Irreducible Ethical Truths

(5)

W.D. Ross: Objective Prima Facie Duties

(10)

A.J. Ayer: Ethical Claims Express Feelings

100

(8)

J.L. Mackie: Values Are Subjective

108

(9)

R.M. Hare: Universal Prescriptions

117

(9)

Jean-Paul Sartre: An Existentialist Ethics

126

(13)

PART III: ETHICAL METHODOLOGY: JUSTIFYING MORAL CLAIMS, THE GOLDEN RULE, AND TWO APPLICATIONS

William K. Frankena: Moral Justification

139

(7)

Jürgen Habermas: Discourse Ethics

146

(8)

Immanuel Kant: Ethics Is Based on Reason

154

(4)

Joyce Hertzler: The Golden Rule and Society

158

(9)

Paul Ricoeur: The Golden Rule and Religion

167

(6)

Friedrich Nietzsche: Master and Slave Morality

173

(5)

Martin Luther King: Racial Segregation

178

(8)

Lawrence Kohlberg: Moral Education

186

(11)

PART IV: NORMATIVE THEORY: CONSEQUENTIALISM, NONCONSEQUENTIALISM, DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE, AND VIRTUE

John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism

197

(5)

J.J.C. Smart: Defending Utilitarianism

202

(8)

Bernard Williams: Against Utilitarianism

210

(5)

Richard B. Brandt: Rule Utilitarianism

215

(6)

W.D. Ross: Objective Prima Facie Duties

221

(1)

John Finnis: Goods and Absolutes

222

(7)

John Rawls: A Theory of Justice

229

(6)

Robert Nozick: Justice and Goods

235

(5)

Aristotle: Nicomachean Ethics

240

(9)

Alasdair MacIntyre: Virtue Ethics

249

(8)

Michael Slote: Rudiments of Virtue Ethics

257

(10)

PART V: APPLIED ETHICS: ABORTION AND OTHER ISSUES

Judith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of Abortion

267

(8)

Sydney Callahan: Pro-life Feminism

275

(9)

Peter Singer: Animal Liberation

284

(9)

Onora O'Neill: A Kantian Approach to Famine Relief

293

(9)

J. Baird Callicott: The Land Ethic

302

(7)

Index

309

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Ethics: Contemporary Readings

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials