European Influence on Celtic Art Patrons and Artists
, by Laing, LLoydNote: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
- ISBN: 9781846821752 | 1846821754
- Cover: Hardcover
- Copyright: 1/1/2010
After decades of speculation and confusion about the nature of Celtic art, current studies reveal hidden meanings, symbols and codes that early medieval artists incorporated into individual artworks such as manuscripts, broaches and intricately carved sto
Lloyd Laing is associate professor of archaeology in the University of Nottingham, and is the author and co-author of several books about Early Christian Celts.
List of Illustrations | p. 9 |
List of Abbreviations | p. 12 |
Introduction | p. 13 |
The study of Celtic art | p. 15 |
Defining Celtic art in Britain and Ireland | p. 15 |
The limits of inference for Celtic art | p. 18 |
Written sources | p. 18 |
The identity of the Celts | p. 19 |
The Celts in the Iron Age to the post-Roman period | p. 20 |
Early medieval Britain and Ireland | p. 21 |
The adoption of Christianity | p. 22 |
Patronage and new artistic ideas | p. 23 |
Pre-Christian Insular Celtic art | p. 25 |
Iron Age Celtic art in Britain and Ireland | p. 25 |
Features common to Roman and Celtic art | p. 26 |
Peltas | p. 28 |
Triskeles | p. 28 |
Celtic art in early Roman Britain | p. 30 |
Petal-and-boss ornament | p. 31 |
Confronted trumpet patterns | p. 32 |
Combined trumpet, pelta and triskele ornament | p. 35 |
Other Romano-British ornamental devices | p. 37 |
Celtic and Roman Britain - shared metalworking techniques | p. 38 |
Millefiori | p. 38 |
Stamps | p. 39 |
Brass alloy | p. 39 |
Enamel work | p. 39 |
Celtic art in England and Wales | p. 40 |
Dress accessories | p. 40 |
Brooch types | p. 41 |
Stick pins | p. 44 |
Hanging bowls | p. 45 |
Miscellaneous post-Roman items of Romano-British origin | p. 47 |
Celtic art in Scotland | p. 48 |
Roman influence in Scotland | p. 48 |
Metal artefacts for personal adornment in Scotland | p. 49 |
Brooches, pins and buckles | p. 50 |
Torcs and chains | p. 50 |
Sculpture-Pictish symbol stones | p. 51 |
Celtic art in Ireland | p. 54 |
Roman influence in fourth- and fifth-century Ireland | p. 57 |
Irish dress-fasteners | p. 57 |
Fifth- and sixth-century contacts between Ireland and Britain | p. 58 |
Irish smiths in Britain | p. 58 |
Anglo-Saxon influence on Celtic art | p. 59 |
Filigree and granular work | p. 59 |
Chip carving | p. 63 |
Interlace | p. 64 |
Animal ornament | p. 66 |
The Mote of Mark-a case-study in cultural borrowing | p. 67 |
Roman influence at the Mote of Mark | p. 67 |
Anglo-Saxon influence at the Mote of Mark | p. 68 |
Stylistic fusion at the Mote of Mark | p. 68 |
The impact of Christianity | p. 71 |
Organization of the Celtic church | p. 71 |
Monasticism | p. 71 |
The development of non-Insular Christian iconography | p. 74 |
The spread of ideas | p. 75 |
Celtic Christian art styles and iconography | p. 78 |
Ambiguous Christian iconography | p. 78 |
Narrative art | p. 78 |
Stylized figures | p. 80 |
Overtly Christian iconography | p. 81 |
Celtic Christian stone-working | p. 82 |
Inscriptions on stone | p. 82 |
Celtic Christian symbols on stone | p. 83 |
Christian metalwork and embellished objects | p. 92 |
Chalices and patens | p. 92 |
Jewelled crosses | p. 94 |
Mature Celtic art c.AD650-1200 | p. 97 |
Iona | p. 97 |
External influences in mature Celtic art | p. 100 |
Western Mediterranean models | p. 100 |
The cult of relics and house-shaped shrines | p. 100 |
Figural work | p. 101 |
Roman sarcophagi | p. 105 |
Eastern Mediterranean models | p. 106 |
The Diatessaron | p. 106 |
The Virgin and Child | p. 110 |
Other possible eastern Mediterranean models | p. 111 |
Influence from the Frankish world | p. 113 |
Late Saxon influence in the eighth and ninth centuries | p. 115 |
Animal ornament | p. 115 |
Plant Ornament | p. 123 |
Decorative techniques and design | p. 124 |
Die-stamping | p. 124 |
Niello | p. 126 |
Sculpture | p. 126 |
The Norse contribution to Celtic art | p. 126 |
The Borre style | p. 129 |
Jellinge/Mammen style | p. 130 |
Ringerike style | p. 131 |
Urnes style | p. 136 |
The Celto-Scandinavian style in sculpture | p. 137 |
The Isle of Man Norse tradition of sculpture | p. 137 |
The Govan school of Strathclyde | p. 138 |
Workshops and artisans | p. 141 |
The status of the artisan | p. 141 |
Itinerant artisans | p. 144 |
Centres of production | p. 145 |
Pattern books and models | p. 146 |
Metalworking | p. 148 |
Secular workshops | p. 148 |
Monastic workshops | p. 149 |
Metalworking tools and equipment | p. 150 |
The raw materials for metalworking | p. 151 |
Sculpture and stone masonry | p. 152 |
Raw material for sculpture | p. 152 |
Carving techniques | p. 153 |
Unfinished sculptures | p. 155 |
Stone-carving tools | p. 159 |
Additions to sculptures in other materials | p. 159 |
Painted sculptures | p. 160 |
Workshops and groups of sculptures | p. 160 |
Manuscripts | p. 161 |
Scriptoria | p. 162 |
Pigments for manuscripts | p. 162 |
Glazes in manuscripts | p. 163 |
Design constraints on Celtic artists/artisans | p. 163 |
Patrons | p. 167 |
The social context of Celtic patronage | p. 167 |
Patronage of skilled crafts: fifth to eighth century | p. 168 |
The cost of artworks | p. 169 |
Association of rank with artwork types | p. 170 |
Gift exchange of artworks | p. 171 |
Memorial stones | p. 171 |
Ecclesiastical patronage | p. 172 |
Changing patterns of patronage | p. 173 |
The influence of lay patronage from the Carolingian world | p. 175 |
Patronage in inscriptions | p. 177 |
Inscriptions in Wales | p. 177 |
Inscriptions in Pictland | p. 178 |
Inscriptions on metal shrines | p. 179 |
Sculptural iconography of secular patrons | p. 179 |
Secular patronage in Ireland | p. 181 |
Secular patronage in Pictland | p. 181 |
Warriors | p. 183 |
Battle scenes | p. 183 |
Revival of Antique models in sculpture | p. 185 |
Warriors and horsemen | p. 185 |
David iconography | p. 187 |
Symbol and image | p. 189 |
Celtic Scholarship | p. 189 |
Celtic art and the quest for hidden truths | p. 190 |
Numerology | p. 192 |
Animal symbolism | p. 196 |
Human figures and their attributes | p. 200 |
Biblical symbolism | p. 203 |
Symbolism on Irish High Crosses | p. 203 |
Origins of the free-standing cross | p. 205 |
Symbolism on High Crosses | p. 208 |
Manuscripts | p. 211 |
Postscript-the achievements of Celtic art | p. 214 |
Biblography | p. 217 |
Index | p. 241 |
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