Evaluating Service-Learning Activities and

How do you implement a service-learning project into your curriculum? Utilizing an extended case study, this book explores the pros and cons of service-learning projects and provides the reader with a step-by-step guide covering everything from designing the program to evaluating its success at the completion.

David A. Payne is director of Test Scoring and Reporting Services and professor of educational psychology at the University of Georgia.

List of Tables and Figures

vii

Preface

1

(2)

What Is Service-Learning?

3

(14)

Service-Learning Defined

3

(3)

Rationale for Service-Learning

6

(1)

Developing a Service-Learning Program

6

(4)

Major Components of Service-Learning Programs

10

(1)

Standards for Effective Service-Learning Programs

11

(1)

Illustrative Service-Learning Projects

12

(3)

Conclusion

15

(1)

Referencography

15

(2)

The Need to Ask Evaluation Questions

17

(11)

The Context and Focus of Service-Learning Evaluation

17

(3)

Steps in the Evaluation Process

20

(1)

A Dynamic Model for Evaluation---Naturalistic Inquiry

21

(3)

The Importance of Using Mixed Methods

24

(1)

Program Standards and Criteria for Evaluation

25

(1)

A Note about Ethics

26

(1)

Referenceography

26

(1)

Case Study

27

(1)

Asking the Right Questions

28

(7)

Goals and Objectives

28

(1)

Identifying and Involving Stakeholders

28

(1)

Kinds of Evaluation Questions

29

(2)

Formatting Questions

31

(1)

Referenceography

32

(1)

Case Study

32

(3)

Evaluating Service-Learning Knowledge and Performance Outcomes

35

(19)

Characteristics of High-Quality Information

35

(1)

Evaluating Knowledge Outcomes

36

(4)

Selecting Standardized Achievement Tests

40

(4)

Evaluating Applied Performance

44

(6)

Portfolio Assessment

50

(1)

Referenceography

51

(1)

Case Study

52

(2)

Evaluating Writing Samples

54

(14)

Evaluating Responses to Writing Prompts

54

(4)

Developing Scoring Rubrics

58

(2)

Rubric Scoring a Science Performance Assessment

60

(2)

Referenceography

62

(1)

Case Study

63

(5)

Evaluating Service-Learning Sentiments, Opinions, and Attitudes

68

(15)

Creating Statements for Self-Report Affective Measures

68

(1)

Rating Scales

69

(1)

A Simplified Attitude Scale Construction Technique

69

(2)

Goal Attainment Scaling

71

(1)

Opinionnaire and Free-Response Methods

72

(1)

Content Analysis

73

(2)

Interviews and Focus Groups

75

(1)

Referenceography

76

(1)

Case Study

76

(7)

Designing Data Collection Plans

83

(16)

Evaluation Tenets

83

(1)

Methodological Problems in Evaluating Service-Learning Projects

84

(1)

Sources of Threats to Internal Validity in Service-Learning Project Evaluations

85

(2)

Basis for Interpreting Evaluation Results

87

(2)

Students as Evaluators

89

(3)

Planning Data Collection Designs

92

(1)

Recording and Analyzing Responses

93

(1)

Data Collection Management

93

(2)

Referenceography

95

(1)

Case Study

96

(3)

Reporting and Using Answers

99

(18)

General Guidelines for Report Preparation

99

(1)

Specific Guidelines for Report Preparation

100

(1)

Suggested Learn and Serve Evaluation Plan/Report Format

101

(1)

Data-Based Recommendations

102

(1)

Cost Considerations

103

(2)

Factors Related to Utilization of Evaluation Results

105

(2)

Decision Making

107

(1)

Referenceography

108

(1)

Case Study

109

(7)

Epilogue: If All Else Fails

116

(1)

Appendix A: State Organizations Supporting Service-Learning

117

(5)

Appendix B: The Program Evaluation Standards (1994)

122

(3)

Appendix C: Sample Instrumentation

125

(38)

Index

163

(4)

About the Author

167

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Evaluating Service-Learning Activities and Programs

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials