Finis Rei Publicae Eyewitnesses to the End of

For intermediate Latin courses, this text combines a close reading of selections of late Republican prose with a thorough grammar review. The readings provide a connected historical narrative. The readings are genuine Latin, and exercises throughout use t

Robert Knapp is Professor Emeritus of Classics at the University of California, Berkeley having earned his Ph.D. in Ancient History from the University of Pennsylvania. He taught Latin historical authors and epigraphy; research interests included Roman social history, Roman Spain, and Greek and Roman numismatics. Pamela Vaughn is Professor of Classics at San Francisco State University. She received her Ph.D. in Classics from the University of California, Berkeley. Among her research interests are Republican literature, Greek and Roman historiography, Roman religion, and ancient warfare.

Acknowledgements

x

Introduction

x

Organization of the Text

xii

Macrons

xii

Abbreviations Used

xii

Ancilla to Reading Latin Prose

xiii

Strategies for Writing Latin

xvi

Strategies for Reading Latin

xviii

SECTION ONE

Velleius Paterculus: Roman History (Historia Romana) 2.49

1

(2)

Chart: Parts of Speech

3

(1)

SECTION TWO

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.50 (1,2)

4

(1)

Chart: Ablative Absolute

5

(1)

SECTION THREE

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.50 (3,4)

6

(1)

Chart: Indirect Statement

7

(1)

Chart: Sequence of Tenses

8

(2)

SECTION FOUR

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.51 (1,2,3)

10

(1)

SECTION FIVE

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.52 (1,2,3)

11

(2)

Chart: Result and Purpose with ut and Relative Pronouns

13

(1)

Chart: Correlative Conjunctions

13

(1)

SECTION SIX

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.52 (4,5)

14

(2)

Chart: The Public Organization of the Roman Community

16

(1)

Chart: Review of Gerundive and Gerund

17

(1)

SECTION SEVEN

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.53 (1,2)

18

(1)

SECTION EIGHT

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.54 (1,2,3)

19

(1)

Chart: Irregular Adjectives

20

(1)

Chart: The Ordinal Numbers

21

(1)

SECTION NINE

Aulus Hirtius: The War in Gaul (De bello Gallico) 8.54 (4,5), 8.55 (1,2)

21

(1)

Chart: Cum Clauses

22

(2)

SECTION TEN

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 7.4 (1,2)

24

(2)

Chart: Infinitives

26

(1)

SECTION ELEVEN

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 7.4 (3,4)

27

(2)

Chart: Uses of Ut

29

(1)

SECTION TWELVE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.1 (1-3)

30

(1)

Chart: Conditional Sentences

31

(1)

SECTION THIRTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.1 (4), 1.2 (1-3)

32

(2)

Chart: Uses of Quod

34

(1)

Chart: Clauses of Fear

34

(1)

SECTION FOURTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.2 (4-8)

35

(1)

SECTION FIFTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.3 (1-7)

36

(2)

SECTION SIXTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.4 (1-5)

38

(2)

SECTION SEVENTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.5 (1-5)

40

(2)

Chart: Impersonal Verbs

42

(1)

SECTION EIGHTEEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.6 (1-6)

43

(1)

Cicero: Letter to Tiro (Epistulae ad familiares) 16.11 (1)

44

(1)

SECTION NINETEEN

Cicero: Letter to Tiro (Epistulae ad familiares) 16.11 (2,3)

45

(1)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.6 (7-8)

46

(1)

Chart: Uses of the Genitive Case

47

(1)

SECTION TWENTY

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.7 (1-7), 1.8 (1)

48

(2)

Plutarch: Caesar crosses the Rubicon (English translation)

50

(1)

Chart: Uses of the Ablative Case

51

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-ONE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.8 (2-4), 1.9 (1)

52

(2)

Chart: Uses of the Dative Case

54

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-TWO

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.9 (2-6)

55

(2)

Chart: Comparison of Adjectives

57

(1)

Chart: Comparison of Adverbs

58

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-THREE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.10, 1.11, 1.12

59

(3)

Chart: Uses of the Accusative Case

62

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-FOUR

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.13, 1.14

63

(2)

Chart: Pronouns

65

(3)

SECTION TWENTY-FIVE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.14, 1.15 (1-3)

68

(2)

SECTION TWENTY-SIX

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 7.11

70

(1)

Chart: Independent Uses of the Subjunctive

71

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-SEVEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.15 (4 - 7)

72

(1)

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 8.11A

73

(1)

Chart: Indirect Question

74

(1)

SECTION TWENTY-EIGHT

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 8.12B

75

(1)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.16

76

(1)

Chart: Uses of the Subjunctive in Dependent Clauses

77

(2)

SECTION TWENTY-NINE

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 8.12C

79

(1)

SECTION THIRTY

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.16, 1.17, 1.18

80

(3)

SECTION THIRTY-ONE

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 8.12D

83

(1)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.19, 1.20

84

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-TWO

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.21, 1.22, 1.23 (1,2)

86

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-THREE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.23, 1.24, 1.25

88

(2)

Caesar: Further events in Brundisium (English translation)

90

(2)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.29, 1.30

92

(1)

Caesar: Events in Sardinia, Sicily and Africa (English translation)

92

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-FOUR

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 1.32, 1.33

94

(3)

SECTION THIRTY-FIVE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.82

97

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-SIX

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.83

99

(1)

Cicero: Letters to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 11.6 (2)

100

(1)

Cicero: Letter to his friend Marius (Epistulae ad familiares) 7.3 (2)

101

(1)

Cicero: Letter to Cn. Plancius (Epistulae ad familiares) 4.14 (2)

102

(1)

SECTION THIRTY-SEVEN

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.86

103

(1)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.90, 3.91

104

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-EIGHT

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.94, 3.95

106

(2)

SECTION THIRTY-NINE

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.96

108

(2)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.99, 3.102 (1,2)

110

(2)

SECTION FORTY

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.102 (3-6), 3.103 (1)

112

(2)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.103 (2-5), 3.104 (1,2)

114

(1)

Caesar: The Civil War (De bello civili) 3.104 (3), 3.106

115

(2)

Cicero: Letter to Atticus (Epistulae ad Atticum) 11.6 (5)

117

(1)

Plutarch: The Death of Pompey (English translation)

118

APPENDICES

Some Useful Terminology

120

(1)

Cursus Honorum

121

(1)

The Roman Name

122

(1)

Glossary of Persons

123

(13)

Timeline: Important Events, Birth of Pompey to Death of Caesar

136

(1)

Timeline: Major Events in Roman History

137

(1)

Index 1: Grammatical Material

138

(2)

Index 2: Vocabulary

140

(9)

Map of the Late Republican Roman World

149

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Finis Rei Publicae Eyewitnesses to the End of the Roman Republic

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials