Fractured Europe 1600 - 1721

This book presents a narrative history of Europe, including Britain and Ireland, from the end of the sixteenth century to the Treaty of Nystadt in 1721.

David J. Sturdy is Professor of Early Modern History at the University of Ulster in Coleraine. His previous publications include The d'Aligres de la RiviFre: Servants of the Bourbon State in the Seventeenth Century (1986), Science and Social Status in Early Modern France: The Members of the AcadTmie des Sciences, 1666–1750 (1995) and Louis XIV (1998).

List of Illustrations

xiii

Preface

xiv

Acknowledgements

xvii

Maps

xix

The Context of 1600

1

(26)

Political Contours

3

(4)

State and Society

7

(2)

International Relations and War

9

(3)

The Holy Roman Empire

12

(1)

Imperial Government

13

(2)

The House of Habsburg

15

(3)

Religious Division in Europe

18

(3)

Religious and Political Tensions in Germany

21

(3)

The Julich-Cleves Crisis

24

(3)

Central and Southern Europe, 1600-1635

27

(39)

Background to the Outbreak of War in Bohemia

28

(2)

Rudolf II and the Letter of Majesty

30

(2)

The Habsburgs and Central Europe

32

(2)

The Crisis of 1618-1619

34

(4)

The Defeat of Frederick and the Restroration of Ferdinand II in Bohemia

38

(3)

The Bohemian Rising in Retrospect

41

(2)

The Settlement in the Palatinate

43

(1)

The Habsburgs in Hungary and Austria after 1620

44

(2)

The Habsburgs in Italy

46

(4)

The Spread of War in Germany and the Intervention of Denmark, 1624

50

(3)

The Conflict Renewed to 1629

53

(2)

The Edict of Restitution and the Treaty of Lubeck, 1629

55

(2)

The Dismissal of Wallenstein

57

(1)

Italy and the Mantuan Succession Question

57

(1)

The Intervention of Sweden

58

(3)

From Swedish Advance to the Death of Gustavus Adolphus

61

(2)

Lutzen to the Peace of Prague, 1635

63

(3)

Central and Southern Europe, 1635-1648

66

(34)

From the Death of Ferdinand II to Preparations for Peace

67

(3)

The Peace of Westphalia, 1648

70

(5)

Socio-economic Consequences of the War in Germany

75

(3)

Effects of War upon Italy: Risings in Sicily and Naples

78

(6)

Consequences of the Southern Italian Risings

84

(1)

1647 and `Italian Decline'

85

(3)

The Catholic Church and Scientific Thought

88

(2)

The Galileo Affair

90

(4)

Italian Baroque

94

(6)

Western Europe, 1600-1665: Spain and France

100

(49)

Spain, 1600-1665

100

(3)

Philip IV, the Count-Duke Olivares and Reform

103

(4)

Spain at War

107

(3)

War between Spain and France, 1635

110

(1)

The Revolt of Catalonia

111

(2)

Portugal

113

(4)

Peace between Spain and the United Provinces, 1648

117

(1)

War between Spain and France to 1659

118

(2)

The Spanish `Balance Sheet', 1665

120

(3)

France 1610-1661

122

(1)

The Domestic Situation in 1618

123

(1)

Huguenot Rebellion in the 1620s

124

(5)

Richelieu and Louis XIII

129

(2)

International Challenges and War

131

(3)

Popular Insurrection

134

(3)

The Last Years of Richelieu and Louis XIII

137

(2)

The Advent of Mazarin

139

(1)

The Years of Regency to the Frondes

140

(1)

The Chamber Saint Louis and the Spread of the Frondes

141

(2)

The Fronde of the Princes and the Union of the Frondes

143

(2)

The Character of the Frondes

145

(2)

The Post-Fronde Years to the Death of Mazarin

147

(2)

Western Europe, 1603-1660: Britian and the United Provinces

149

(51)

Britain and Ireland, 1603-1660

149

(1)

Social and Economic Change in England

150

(1)

Ireland under James I

151

(2)

James I, the English Parliament and Foreign Policy

153

(2)

Charles I, Europe and the English Parliament

155

(2)

The Question of Religion

157

(4)

The Religious Situation in Ireland, 1629

161

(1)

The Recall of Parliament in England, 1640

162

(2)

Ireland and 1641

164

(1)

Steps to Civil War in England

165

(1)

Civil War to 1648

166

(2)

Revolution in England

168

(2)

War in Ireland

170

(2)

The Conquest of Scotland

172

(1)

England under the Commonwealth and Protectorate

173

(2)

The Commonwealth and Europe

175

(4)

A Verdict on the Civil War and Revolution

179

(5)

The United Provinces, 1609-1654

182

(2)

The Commerical Prosperity of the United Provinces

184

(2)

Religious and Political Tensions

186

(2)

Dutch Cultural Achievements

188

(5)

The Thirty Years War and the United Provinces

193

(3)

The Stadtholderate of William II and Emergence of Johan de Witt

196

(4)

Northern Europe, 1618-1660: Scandinavia, Russia and Poland

200

(54)

Sweden

201

(1)

Gustavus Adolphus and his Inheritance

201

(3)

Oxenstierna and the Government of Sweden

204

(3)

Social Consequences of Warfare

207

(2)

Queen Christina, 1632-1654

209

(1)

War between Sweden and Denmark, 1643-1645

210

(1)

Domestic Tensions in Sweden

211

(2)

Charles X, 1654-1660

213

(8)

Denmark

216

(2)

Russia

218

(3)

Sources of Revival: the Church

221

(1)

Sources of Revival: the Tsar

222

(1)

Sources of Revival: the Army

223

(2)

The Russian Peasantry

225

(2)

Michael Romanov, 1613-1645

227

(3)

Alexis, 1645-1676

230

(2)

The Great Schism

232

(5)

Poland

235

(2)

Religion and Culture

237

(4)

War and the Monarchy

241

(1)

The Cossack Rising, 1648

242

(12)

Interlude

246

(8)

Central and Southern Europe with the Ottoman Empire, 1648-1720

254

(33)

Post-war Recovery

254

(4)

Leopold I

258

(7)

The Ottoman Empire

260

(5)

The Ottoman Empire and its Western Neighbours

265

(3)

Leopold I and Hungary after the Peace of Vasvar

268

(3)

The Siege of Vienna, 1683

271

(3)

The Holy League versus the Ottoman Empire

274

(3)

War, 1715-1718

277

(1)

Constitutional and Socio-economic Consequences of War in Hungary

278

(2)

The Rakoczy Revolt, 1703-1711

280

(2)

Vienna by 1720

282

(5)

Italy at the Turn of the Century

283

(4)

Western Europe, 1660-1720: France and Spain

287

(39)

France, 1661-1715

288

(1)

Louis XIV and the Government of France

288

(2)

Parisian and Provincial Institutions

290

(2)

The Royal Court

292

(3)

Economic Reform

295

(3)

Fiscal Reform

298

(1)

Catholic Church and State

299

(5)

The Huguenots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

304

(2)

State and Culture

306

(4)

Spain, 1660-1720

310

(1)

Socio-economic Developments

310

(3)

Spain to 1680

313

(3)

Spain in Europe to the Peace of Ryswick, 1697

316

(4)

The Spanish Succession Crisis, 1697-1702

320

(2)

Spain under Philip V

322

(4)

Western Europe, 1660-1720: Britain, the United Provinces and War

326

(41)

Britain, 1660-1688

326

(1)

The Restoration of Charles II, 1660

326

(3)

The Royal Society

329

(5)

The Clarendon Years

334

(2)

Foreign and Domestic Tensions, 1667-1685

336

(3)

James II, 1685-1688

339

(4)

The United Provinces after 1660

342

(1)

Franco-Dutch War, 1672

343

(2)

The Dutch War to the Peace of Nijmegen

345

(4)

Origins of the War of the League of Augsburg

349

(2)

War in Ireland, 1689-1691

351

(3)

War on the Continent, 1688-1697

354

(9)

Britain at the Turn of the Century

356

(3)

The War of the Spanish Succession

359

(4)

The Peace of Utrecht

363

(4)

Northern Europe, 1660-1721: Scandinavia, Russia and Poland

367

(23)

Brandenburg-Prussia

367

(3)

Russia

370

(1)

Stenka Razin and the Peasant War, 1667-1671

370

(2)

Problems of Succession and Regency, 1676-1696

372

(2)

Russia, the South and West

374

(3)

The Northern War

377

(1)

The International Situation on the Eve of War

377

(1)

The Northern War: Part I, 1700-1709

378

(4)

The Northern War: Part II, 1710-1721

382

(3)

Responses to War in Poland, Sweden and Russia

385

(5)

Conclusion

390

(7)

List of European Rulers

397

(5)

List of Significant Dates

402

(13)

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Fractured Europe 1600 - 1721

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

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Fractured Europe 1600 - 1721

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

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