Free Will

Free Will brings together the essential readings on the debate of free will and determinism. Written by top scholars in the field, the essays represent some of the clearest and most accessible thinking on this subject. The introduction offers a concise yet thorough mapping of this age-old debate as well as a helpful overview of the selections.

Robert Kane is University Distinguished Teaching Professor of Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author of Free Will and Values (1985), Through the Moral Maze (1994), and The Significance of Free Will (1996, winner of the first annual R. W. Hamilton Faculty Book Award).

Acknowledgments

x

Introduction

1

(28)

Robert Kane

Part I: The Free Will Problem: Standard Positions: Compatibilism, Libertarianism, Hard and Soft Determinism

Walden Two: Freedom and the Behavioral Sciences

29

(10)

B. F. Skinner

The Compatibility of Freedom and Determinism

39

(8)

Kai Nielsen

Human Freedom and the Self

47

(12)

Roderick Chisholm

Hard and Soft Determinism

59

(12)

Paul Edwards

Part II: The Compatibility/Incompatibility Question: Alternative Possibilities and Moral Responsibility

The Incompatibility of Free Will and Determinism

71

(12)

Peter van Inwagen

I Could Not Have Done Otherwise -- So What?

83

(12)

Daniel Dennett

Frankfurt-style Examples, Responsibility and Semi-compatibilism

95

(16)

John Martin Fischer

The Explanatory Irrelevance of Alternative Possibilities

111

(16)

Derk Pereboom

Part III: Hierarchical Motivation, Deep Self Theories and Reactive Attitudes: New Compatibilist Theories

Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person

127

(18)

Harry Frankfurt

Sanity and the Metaphysics of Responsibility

145

(19)

Susan Wolf

Responsibility and the Limits of Evil: Variations on a Strawsonian Theme

164

(25)

Gary Watson

Part IV: The Intelligibility Question: Libertarian or Incompatibilist Views of Free Agency and Free Will

The Mystery of Metaphysical Freedom

189

(7)

Peter van Inwagen

The Agent as Cause

196

(10)

Timothy O'Connor

Freedom, Responsibility and Agency

206

(16)

Carl Ginet

Free Will: New Directions for an Ancient Problem

222

(27)

Robert Kane

Chess, Life and Superlife

249

(10)

David Hodgson

Part V: Religion and Free Will: Divine Foreknowledge and Human Freedom

Divine Foreknowledge, Evil, and the Free Choice of the Will

259

(5)

St. Augustine

God, Time, Knowledge and Freedom: The Historical Matrix

264

(20)

William Hasker

Glossary

284

(7)

Bibliography

291

(11)

Index

302

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials