Free World?

Free World? is a major contribution to the transnational history of humanitarianism in the postwar world. Peter Gatrell shows how and why the UN, NGOs, governments and individuals embarked on a unique campaign, World Refugee Year (19591960), in response to global refugee crises, particularly in Europe, the Middle East and the Far East. Adopted by nearly one hundred countries, the campaign galvanised public opinion and raised money by enlisting celebrities, using the mass media, and recreating 'refugee camps' in the affluent West. Free World? assesses the causes and consequences of the refugee crises, locates the campaign in the broader geopolitical context of the Cold War and decolonisation and shows how it helped to inspire subsequent campaigns such as Amnesty International and Freedom from Hunger. Ultimately the book asks how those who are in a more privileged position might better reflect on their responsibilities towards refugees in the modern world.

List of illustrations	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. x
List of abbreviations	p. xiii
Introduction: Refugee histories, refugee concern, transnational histories	p. 1
Free world?	p. 10
Introduction: a 'plan to save the refugees'	p. 10
Migration at mid-century: the legacy of the Second World War	p. 14
Migration at mid-century: the bigger picture	p. 20
Displacement on a global scale	p. 25
Varieties of captivity: Cold War, decolonisation and race	p. 29
Freedom, affluence and anxiety	p. 37
Conclusion	p. 42
Sites of confrontation, crucibles of displacement: towards World Refugee Year	p. 47
Introduction: refugees and politics	p. 47
Cold War confrontation in Europe: Hungary and the 'hard core'	p. 49
Hong Kong: a British colony meets Chinese refugees	p. 58
Palestine: 'humanitarian relief' in lieu of politics	p. 63
North Africa: French rule and Algerian refugees	p. 66
Asia again: Russians in China, and Tibetan refugees	p. 69
Conclusion	p. 74
World Refugee Year: the politics of a global campaign	p. 77
Introduction: locating 'humanitarian' concern	p. 77
Onslaught: the British origins of World Refugee Year	p. 79
United Nations and UNHCR	p. 84
Stakeholders: rich and poor countries	p. 90
God and Caesar: churches and NGOs	p. 122
Conclusion	p. 137
World Refugee Year: presences and absences	p. 141
Introduction: elements of the campaign for WRY	p. 141
Citizenship, celebrity and consumption	p. 145
Cultural representations of displacement	p. 168
Assessing WRY	p. 201
Conclusion	p. 207
Bricks or dynamite? Achievements, disappointments, opportunities	p. 211
Introduction: the roaring sixties	p. 211
Beyond WRY	p. 214
Cuba - an old-style Cold War refugee crisis	p. 219
Decolonisation, 'new refugees' and race	p. 222
'After the refugees - the hungry millions': freedom from hunger and visions of development	p. 226
Captivity in other guises	p. 235
Conclusion	p. 238
Conclusion	p. 242
Global politics, humanitarianism and refugees in the modern era	p. 242
Appendix	p. 250
List of archives	p. 251
Index	p. 255
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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