From Rationalism to Existentialism The

In this enduring text, renowned philosopher Robert C. Solomon provides students with a detailed introduction to modern existentialism. He reveals how this philosophy not only connects with, but also derives from, the thought of traditional philosophers through the works of Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, and Merleau-Ponty.

Robert C. Solomon is Quincy Lee Centennial Professor of Business and Philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin

Preface to the 2001 Edition

v

Preface

vii

Introduction

1

(6)

Part One The Nineteenth-Century Backgrounds: Kant, Hegel, and Existentialism

7

(134)

Immanuel Kant: The Problems of Metaphysics and Morals

9

(30)

The Critique of Pure Reason and the Problem of Metaphysics

14

(1)

Transcendental Arguments

15

(4)

The Copernican Revolution

19

(2)

The Transcendental Ego

21

(2)

The Dialectic

23

(2)

Morality and Metaphysics

25

(5)

Freedom -The First Principle of Practical Reason

30

(4)

God and Immortality

34

(3)

Bibliography

37

(2)

G. W. F. Hegel: Spirit and Absolute Truth

39

(30)

The Early Theological Writings

39

(6)

The Purpose of Hegel's System

45

(3)

The Phenomenology of Spirit

48

(2)

Knowledge of Things-in-Themselves

50

(2)

Spirit

52

(3)

Consciousness and the Dialectic

55

(5)

Self-consciousness: Master and Slave

60

(2)

Reason

62

(1)

The Logic and Absolute Knowledge

63

(4)

Bibliography

67

(2)

Sren Kierkegaard: Faith and the Subjective Individual

69

(36)

Kierkegard's Life as Related to His Thought

72

(1)

Kierkegaard on Christianity

73

(4)

The Attack on Hegelianism

77

(7)

The Meaning of Existence

84

(6)

The Dialectic and the Spheres of Existence

90

(3)

The Aesthetic Sphere

93

(1)

The Ethical Sphere

94

(2)

The Relationship Between the Aesthetic and the Ethical

96

(2)

Becoming a Christian-The Religious Way of Life

98

(3)

Freedom and Subjectivity

101

(3)

Bibliography

104

(1)

Friedrich Nietzsche: Nihilism and the Will to Power

105

(36)

Nietzsche's Writings

106

(2)

The Attack on Systematic Philosophy

108

(3)

Values and Nihilism

111

(1)

Epistemological Nihilism

112

(3)

Moral Nihilism: The ``Death of God''

115

(2)

The Nature of Morality

117

(3)

Morality, Reason, and Passion

120

(5)

The Will to Power

125

(5)

Slave Morality and Master Morality

130

(4)

The Obermensch

134

(2)

Eternal Recurrence

136

(1)

Nietzsche's Place in History

137

(1)

Bibliography

138

(3)

Part Two The Twentieth Century: Phenomenology and Existentialism

141

(184)

Edmund Husserl and Phenomenology: The New Way of Philosophy

143

(41)

The Ideal of a 'Presuppositionless' or 'Radical' Philosophy

144

(3)

The Philosophy of Arithmetic, Frege, and Psychologism

147

(3)

Phenomenology and the Foundations of Philosophy

150

(4)

The Object of Phenomenological Investigation

154

(3)

The Natural Standpoint and its Suspension: the Epoche

157

(9)

Intentionality, Objects, and Acts of Consciousness

166

(8)

The Transcendental Ego and Our Knowledge of Objects: An Unresolved Problem

174

(8)

Bibliography

182

(2)

Martin Heidegger: Being and Being Human

184

(61)

What is Philosophy?

186

(5)

The Problem of Being

191

(2)

The Fallenness from Being

193

(2)

Heidegger, Husserl, and Phenomenology

195

(3)

Dasein as Being-in-the-World

198

(5)

The World as Equipment

203

(4)

Care

207

(3)

Existenz: Possibility and Understanding

210

(3)

Facticity and ``Being Tuned''

213

(2)

Average Everydayness: Fallenness and das Man

215

(3)

Authenticity, Inauthenticity, Fallenness, and Angst

218

(5)

Dasein and Temporality: Being-Unto-Death

223

(4)

Heidegger's Ethics

227

(5)

Being and Truth

232

(6)

Logic, Language, and Nothing

238

(3)

Beyond Metaphysics: Godless Theology

241

(2)

Bibliography

243

(2)

Jean-Paul Sartre and French Existentalism

245

(80)

The Phenomenological Pursuit of Being

248

(8)

The Transcendence of the Ego

256

(2)

Consciousness: ``Being-for-Itself''

258

(7)

Nothingness

265

(7)

Facticity and Transcendence: Absurdity and Value

272

(7)

Existential Freedom: Action, Intention, and Emotion

279

(9)

Bad Faith

288

(14)

Being-for-Others

302

(6)

My Body

308

(2)

Relations with Other People

310

(3)

``Existentialist Ethics''

313

(10)

Bibliography

323

(2)

Footnotes

325

(22)

Index

347

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From Rationalism to Existentialism The Existentialists and Their Nineteenth-Century Backgrounds

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

FREE SHIPPING

Rent More, Save More! Use code: BBRENTAL

5% off 1 book, 7% off 2 books, 10% off 3+ books

From Rationalism to Existentialism The Existentialists and Their Nineteenth-Century Backgrounds

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials

Digital License