Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Oilseed Crops, Volume 4

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ISBN: 9780849336393 | 0849336392
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 11/2/2006

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The fourth volume of this essential series furnishes information on the availability of germplasm resources that breeders can exploit for producing high-yielding oilseed crop varieties. Written by leading international experts, it presents the most up-to-date information on genetic resources and their utilization for increasing the yield of those oilseed crops.

Landmark Research in Oilseed Crops

(12)

Ram J. Singh

Introduction

(2)

Importance of Oilseed Crops

(2)

Establishment of International and National Programs

(1)

Development of Oilseed Crops Processing Industries

(1)

Gene Pools of Oilseed Crops

(1)

Primary Gene Pool

(1)

Secondary Gene Pool

(1)

Tertiary Gene Pool

(1)

Germplasm Resources for Oilseed Crops

(1)

Germplasm Enhancement for Oilseed Crops

(3)

Breeding for High Yield

(1)

Breeding Oilseeds for Antinutritional Elements

(1)

Breeding for High Oil and Protein

(1)

Breeding for High-Quality Fatty Acids

(1)

Development of Breeding Methods

(1)

Conclusions

(2)

References

(1)

Acknowledgment

(1)

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

(38)

Ram J. Singh

Randall L. Nelson

Gyuhwa Chung

Introduction

(1)

Domestication and Dissemination of Soybean

(2)

Botany

(2)

Taxonomy

(1)

Morphology

(2)

Gene Pools of Soybean

(2)

Soybean GP-1

(1)

Soybean GP-2

(1)

Soybean GP-3

(1)

Cytogenetics

(15)

Evolution of the Glycine Genome

(2)

Genomic Relationships among Diploid Species

(1)

Genome Designation

(1)

Classical Taxonomy

(1)

Crossing Affinity

(1)

Chromosome Pairing

(1)

Molecular Methods

(2)

Polyploid Complexes of G. tabacina and G. tomentella

(1)

Glycine tabacina (2n = 80)

(1)

Glycine tomentella (2n = 78, 80)

(1)

Chromosomal Aberrations: Structural Changes

(1)

Chromosomal Aberrations: Numerical Changes

(1)

Autopolyploidy

(1)

Aneuploidy

(1)

Primary Trisomics

Monosomics

(1)

Tetrasomics

(1)

Linkage Mapping

(1)

Chromosome Map

(1)

Classical Genetic Linkage Map

(1)

Molecular Linkage Map

(1)

Soybean Germplasm Enhancement

(7)

Conventional Breeding

(1)

Interspecific Hybridization

(1)

Intersubgeneric Hybridization

(1)

Mutation Breeding

(2)

Biotechnology

(1)

Plant Regeneration from Callus and Cell Suspension Cultures

(1)

Protoplasts Culture

(1)

Genetic Transformation

(1)

Potential to Produce Hybrid Soybeans

(1)

Summary

(8)

References

(8)

Groundnut

(38)

Boshou Liao

Corley Holbrook

Introduction

(3)

Genetic Resources

(8)

Origin and Distribution of Species of the Genus Arachis

(1)

Dissemination of Groundnut

(1)

Taxonomy of Arachis Species

(2)

Collection and Conservation of Groundnut Germplasm and Wild Relatives

(2)

Evaluation and Core Collections

(3)

Cytogenetics and Genomes

(1)

Crop Improvement

(13)

Traditional Breeding Methods

(1)

Interspecific Hybridization

(2)

Mutation Breeding

(1)

Marker-Assisted Selection

(2)

Genetic Transformation

(1)

Breeding Progress for Important Traits

(1)

Resistance to Foliar Diseases

(2)

Resistance to Soilborne Fungi Diseases

(1)

Resistance to Bacterial Wilt

(1)

Resistance to Nematodes

(1)

Resistance to Aflatoxin Contamination

(2)

Improved Drought Tolerance

(1)

High Oil Content and Improved Oil Quality

(1)

Looking Ahead

(13)

References

(12)

Cottonseed

(14)

R.J. Kohel

J.Z. Yu

Introduction

(1)

Distribution and Importance

(1)

Origin and Genetic Resources

(2)

Genetic Improvement

(7)

Mode of Reproduction

(3)

History

(1)

Methods

(1)

Objectives

(1)

Pests

(1)

Cottonseed Quality and Gossypol

(2)

Utilization of Products

(1)

Conclusions

100

(3)

References

100

(3)

Sunflower

103

(64)

Chao-Chien Jan

Gerald J. Seiler

Introduction

104

(1)

Description and Crop Use

105

(4)

Botanical and Morphological Traits

105

(1)

Basic Features

105

(1)

Reproductive System

105

(1)

Growth Habit and Plant Structures

106

(2)

World Production Area and Utilization

108

(1)

Origin, Domestication, and Dispersion

109

(1)

Taxonomy and Germplasm Resources

110

(8)

Taxonomy and Center of Diversity

110

(1)

Germplasm Resources

111

(1)

Ex Situ Collections

111

(3)

Wild and Weedy Relatives

114

(2)

Core Collection

116

(1)

Genetic Stocks

116

(1)

Germplasm Evaluation and Use

116

(1)

Pathogens

116

(1)

Insects

117

(1)

Oil and Oil Quality

117

(1)

Protein

117

(1)

Cytogenetics

118

(19)

Helianthus Genomes

118

(1)

Euploidy and Aneuploidy

118

(1)

DNA Content

119

(2)

Karyotype

121

(1)

Microsporogenesis

122

(2)

Male Sterility

124

(4)

Cytogenetic Stocks

128

(1)

Interspecific Hybridization

129

(1)

Hybridization Techniques

129

(2)

Interspecific Hybrids among Helianthus Species

131

(1)

Interspecific Hybrids between Wild Helianthus Species and Cultivated Lines

132

(3)

Mutagenesis

135

(1)

Male Sterility Induction

135

(1)

Chromosome Doubling

136

(1)

Alteration of Fatty Acid Composition

136

(1)

Germplasm Enhancement: Conventional Breeding

137

(10)

Breeding for End Use

137

(1)

Grain

137

(1)

Protein

137

(1)

Oil

138

(1)

Oil Quality

138

(1)

Fatty Acid Composition

138

(1)

Tocopherol Composition

138

(1)

Breeding for Adaptation

139

(1)

Plant Type

139

(1)

Phenology

140

(1)

Yield Potential and Stability

141

(1)

Improved Resistance to Biotic Constraints

141

(1)

Diseases

141

(3)

Viruses and Bacteria

144

(1)

Pests

144

(1)

Insects

144

(1)

Bird Depredation

145

(1)

Improved Resistance to Abiotic Constraints

146

(1)

Salt and Drought Tolerance

146

(1)

Herbicide Tolerance

146

(1)

Soil Nutrition

147

(1)

Germplasm Characterization: Molecular Applications

147

(3)

Genetic Diversity

147

(1)

Molecular Mapping

148

(1)

Gene Mapping

149

(1)

BAC Library

150

(1)

Conclusions and Prospects

150

(17)

References

151

(16)

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

167

(28)

Vrijendra Singh

N. Nimbkar

Introduction

168

(1)

Description and Crop Use

169

(4)

World Distribution and Production

169

(1)

Utilization

169

(1)

Botany

170

(1)

Basic Features

170

(1)

Reproductive System

171

(2)

Centers of Origin

173

(1)

Cytogenetics

174

(3)

Genomic Relationships

174

(1)

Species Classification

174

(1)

Reclassification of Carthamus

175

(1)

Molecular Classification of Carthamus

176

(1)

Classical Cytogenetics

176

(1)

Molecular Cytogenetics

177

(1)

Germplasm Resources

177

(1)

Germplasm Enhancement: Conventional Breeding

178

(7)

Breeding Methods

178

(1)

Introduction and Pure Line Selection

179

(1)

Hybridization

179

(3)

Hybrid Breeding

182

(1)

Single Recessive Genetic Male Sterility

182

(1)

Dominant Genetic Male Sterility

182

(1)

Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterility

183

(1)

Breeding for End Use

183

(1)

Disease Resistance

183

(1)

Oil Content and Quality

184

(1)

Insect Resistance

185

(1)

Spineless Safflower

185

(1)

Resistance to Abiotic Stresses

185

(1)

Molecular Genetic Variation

185

(1)

Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation

186

(2)

Somatic Embryogenesis

186

(1)

Somaclonal Variation

187

(1)

Biotic Stresses

187

(1)

Abiotic Stresses

187

(1)

Genetic Modification

187

(1)

Polyembryony and Apomixis in Safflower

188

(1)

Future Direction

188

(7)

References

189

(6)

Brassica Oilseeds

195

(36)

Rod Snowdon

Wilfried Luhs

Wolfgang Friedt

Introduction

196

(1)

Description and Crop Use

197

(2)

World Production Area and Utilization

197

(2)

Botany

199

(1)

Basic Features

199

(1)

Reproductive System

199

(1)

Germplasm Resources

199

(3)

Cytogenetics

202

(2)

Genomic Relationships among Diploid Species

202

(1)

Classical Cytogenetics

202

(1)

Molecular Cytogenetics

203

(1)

Genetic Mapping

204

(6)

Cytogenetic Maps

204

(1)

Genetic Maps

205

(2)

Physical Maps

207

(2)

Whole Genome Sequencing

209

(1)

Germplasm Enhancement: Conventional Breeding

210

(6)

Breeding Methods

210

(1)

Cultivar Development

210

(1)

Hybrid Breeding

211

(1)

Breeding for End Use

212

(1)

Protein Content and Meal Quality

212

(1)

Oil Content and Quality

213

(1)

Yield Potential and Stability

214

(1)

Improved Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Constraints

214

(1)

Fungal and Viral Diseases

214

(1)

Pests

215

(1)

Abiotic Stress

215

(1)

Molecular Genetic Variation

216

(1)

Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation

217

(2)

Generation of Doubled Haploids

217

(1)

Sexual and Somatic Hybridization

218

(1)

Genetic Modification

218

(1)

Interspecific and Intergeneric Hybridization

219

(2)

Future Direction

221

(10)

References

222

(9)

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

231

(60)

Amram Ashri

Introduction

232

(6)

World Production

232

(5)

General Description

237

(1)

Genetic and Breeding Research Background

237

(1)

Botany

238

(6)

Taxonomy

238

(2)

Plant Structure and Growth Habit

240

(1)

Flowering and Floral Biology

241

(1)

Capsules and Their Anatomy

242

(2)

Seeds

244

(1)

Cytogenetics

244

(4)

Chromosomes: Description and Numbers

244

(1)

Interspecific Relationships

244

(3)

Origin and Domestication

247

(1)

Genetics

248

(5)

Genetic Studies

248

(1)

Yield and Yield Components

249

(1)

Genotype x Environment Interactions

250

(1)

Heritability

250

(1)

Combining Ability

251

(1)

Heterosis

251

(1)

Male Sterility

252

(1)

Seed Retention

253

(3)

General

253

(1)

Monogenic Prevention of Seed Shattering

254

(1)

Nonshattering Achieved by a Combination of Traits

255

(1)

Seed Retention Measurements

256

(1)

Seed Composition and Quality

256

(6)

General

256

(1)

Oil Content

256

(1)

Fatty Acids

257

(2)

Proteins and Amino Acids

259

(1)

Isozymes and Protein Bands

259

(1)

Lignans

260

(1)

Allergens

261

(1)

Flavor and Taste

262

(1)

Molecular Variation

262

(1)

General

262

(1)

DNA Markers

262

(1)

DNA Cloning and Transfer

263

(1)

Germplasm Resources

263

(4)

Background

263

(2)

Core Collections

265

(1)

Wild Species

266

(1)

Seed Dormancy and Storage

266

(1)

Breeding Objectives

267

(3)

General

267

(1)

Objectives

267

(2)

Additional Considerations

269

(1)

Breeding Methods

270

(6)

General

270

(1)

Introduction

270

(1)

Selection

271

(1)

Hybridization

272

(1)

Induced Mutations

273

(2)

Hybrid Cultivars

275

(1)

In Vitro Techniques

276

(1)

Tissue Culture

276

(1)

Embryo Culture

276

(1)

Protoplast Culture

277

(1)

Anther Culture

277

(1)

Looking Ahead

277

(14)

Acknowledgments

278

(1)

References

278

(13)

Index

291

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Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Oilseed Crops, Volume 4

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials