Ground Water Contamination : Transport and Remediation
, by Bedient, Philip B.; Rifai, Hanadi S.; Newell, Charles J.- ISBN: 9780133625929 | 0133625923
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 1/1/2000
Preface | p. xiii |
Introduction to Ground Water Contamination | p. 1 |
The Hydrologic Cycle | p. 1 |
Ground Water Hydrology | p. 3 |
Ground Water Contamination and Transport | p. 6 |
Evolution of Ground Water Information | p. 11 |
Ground Water Remediation | p. 12 |
Ground Water Hydrology | p. 15 |
Introduction | p. 15 |
Properties of Ground Water | p. 16 |
Ground Water Movement | p. 23 |
General Flow Equations | p. 34 |
Dupuit Equations | p. 37 |
Streamlines and Equipotential Lines | p. 41 |
Unsaturated Flow and the Water Table | p. 45 |
Ground Water Flow and Well Mechanics | p. 49 |
Steady-State Well Hydraulics | p. 49 |
Steady One-Dimensional Flow | p. 50 |
Steady Radial Flow to a Well--Confined | p. 50 |
Steady Radial Flow to a Well--Unconfined | p. 52 |
Well in a Uniform Flow Field | p. 54 |
Multiple-Well System | p. 55 |
Unsteady Well Hydraulics | p. 58 |
Sources and Types of Groundwater Contamination | p. 75 |
Introduction | p. 75 |
Underground Storage Tanks | p. 83 |
Landfills | p. 85 |
Surface Impoundments | p. 87 |
Waste Disposal Injection Wells | p. 88 |
Septic Systems | p. 90 |
Agricultural Wastes | p. 92 |
Land Application and Mining | p. 93 |
Radioactive Contaminants | p. 94 |
Military Sources of Contamination | p. 97 |
Classification of Organic Compounds | p. 98 |
Inorganic Compounds in Groundwater | p. 107 |
A Typical Industrial Waste Site | p. 108 |
Hydrogeologic Site Investigations | p. 113 |
Introduction | p. 113 |
Development of Conceptual Site Model | p. 114 |
Strategy for Hydrogeologic Site Investigations | p. 115 |
Development of a Detailed Site Investigation Workplan | p. 122 |
Data Collection Methods | p. 125 |
Geologic Data Acquisition | p. 126 |
Hydrologic Data Acquisition | p. 142 |
Acquisition of Soil and Groundwater Quality Data | p. 148 |
Data Evaluation Procedures | p. 152 |
Contaminant Transport Mechanisms | p. 159 |
Introduction | p. 159 |
Advection Process | p. 161 |
Diffusion and Dispersion Processes | p. 162 |
Mass Transport Equations | p. 165 |
One-Dimensional Models | p. 170 |
Governing Flow and Transport Equations | p. 175 |
Analytical Methods | p. 177 |
Multidimensional Methods | p. 181 |
Tests for Dispersivity | p. 185 |
Natural Gradient Field Tests for Dispersion | p. 190 |
Contaminant Fate Processes | p. 203 |
Introduction | p. 203 |
Sorption and Desorption | p. 204 |
Abiotic Fate Processes | p. 215 |
Volatilization | p. 218 |
Biodegradation | p. 219 |
Evaluation of Fate Processes | p. 231 |
Modeling Biodegradation and Natural Attenuation | p. 237 |
Kinetics and Rates of Biodegradation | p. 237 |
Modeling Biodegradation | p. 244 |
Biodegradation Models | p. 246 |
Analytical Natural Attenuation Models | p. 258 |
Numerical Natural Attenuation Models | p. 266 |
Field Site Applications | p. 274 |
Flow and Transport in the Unsaturated Zone | p. 289 |
Capillary Action | p. 289 |
Soil-Water Characteristic Curves | p. 291 |
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity | p. 294 |
Governing Equation for Unsaturated Flow | p. 295 |
Measurement of Soil Properties | p. 297 |
Infiltration Models | p. 298 |
Transport Processes in the Unsaturated Zone | p. 303 |
Governing Equations for Vapor Transport | p. 308 |
Vadose Zone Flow and Transport Models | p. 315 |
Numberical Modeling of Contaminant Transport | p. 335 |
Introduction | p. 335 |
Numerical Methods | p. 345 |
Finite Difference Methods | p. 353 |
Finite Element Methods | p. 364 |
Method of Characteristics (MOC) | p. 365 |
Numerical Flow Models | p. 367 |
Contaminant Transport Models | p. 371 |
Modeling With Graphical Pre-Processors | p. 375 |
Applying Numerical Models to Field Sites | p. 381 |
Nonaqueous Phase Liquids | p. 391 |
Introduction | p. 391 |
Types of NAPLs | p. 397 |
NAPL Transport -- General Processes | p. 401 |
NAPL Transport -- Computational Methods | p. 414 |
Fate of NAPLs in the Subsurface | p. 422 |
Characterizing NAPLs at Remediation Sites | p. 429 |
Natural Attenuation and Risk Based Corrective Action | p. 441 |
Introduction | p. 441 |
General Principles Behind Natural Attenuation | p. 448 |
Natural Attenuation Protocols and Guidance | p. 451 |
Demonstrating Natural Attenuation | p. 456 |
Risk-Based Corrective Action (RBCA) | p. 471 |
Ground Water Remediation Alternatives | p. 479 |
Introduction to Remediation Methods | p. 479 |
Remedial Alternatives | p. 481 |
Containment Methods for Source Control | p. 483 |
Hydraulic Controls and Pump and Treat Systems | p. 488 |
Bioremediation | p. 497 |
Soil Vapor Extraction Systems | p. 501 |
Remediating NAPL Sites | p. 507 |
Emerging Remediation Technologies | p. 512 |
Case Studies of Remediation | p. 521 |
Legal Protection of Ground Water | p. 545 |
The Process of Ground Water Protection | p. 546 |
The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 | p. 547 |
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 | p. 550 |
The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendment of 1984 (HSWA) | p. 558 |
CERCLA | p. 562 |
Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) | p. 573 |
Homework | p. 577 |
Index | p. 597 |
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