Healthcare Human Resource Management

, by Flynn, Walter J.; Mathis, Robert L.; Jackson, John H.; Langan, Patrick J.

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ISBN: 9780324175769 | 0324175760
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 4/30/2003

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With additional standards now required by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, practitioners must go through even more preparation for certification in order to successfully demonstrate competency in patient care, governance, life safety code and human resource management. Human Resource Management for Healthcare Professionals provides complete coverage of relevant applications for JCAHO, as well as offers a solid foundation in both HR and health care administrative practices. The relevant examples and applications included means this book doubles as an excellent reference tool for healthcare organizations seeking JCAHO certification.

Preface

xvii

About the Authors

xxiii

The Nature and Challenges of Healthcare HR Management

(20)

Healthcare HR Insights

(1)

Nature of Healthcare Organizations

(1)

Types of Healthcare Organizations

(2)

Employment in Healthcare

The Spectrum of Healthcare Jobs

The Changing Nature of Healthcare

(4)

Facing Changes in Healthcare

Balanced Budget Act of 1997

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

(2)

The HR Function in Healthcare

(1)

Necessity to Provide Service

HR Professionals

HR Management Activities

(2)

Roles of HR Management

(2)

HR Challenges in Healthcare

(3)

Recruitment and Retention

Managing Change

Facing the Future

Case

(1)

End Notes

(1)

Healthcare HR Competencies, Structures, and Quality Standards

(18)

Healthcare HR Insights

(1)

Healthcare HR Management Competencies

(3)

Key Competencies

Emotional Intelligence as a Core Competency

Strategic HR Thinking

HR Management Credentials

The HR Function in Healthcare Organizations

(1)

HR Departments and Healthcare Organization Charts

(1)

Measuring Healthcare HR Management

(2)

Staffing Ratios

Budgets

HR Metrics

(4)

The Delivery of Quality Care and HR Practices

JCAHO Process

JCAHO and Management of Human Resources

(3)

JCAHO HR Standards---Description and Intent

The Role of HR

(1)

Case

(1)

End Notes

(3)

Strategic HR Management

(22)

Healthcare HR Insights

(1)

Strategic HR Management

(2)

Human Resources as a Core Competency

Organizational Culture

The HR Strategic Planning Process

(7)

Scanning the External Environment

Internal Assessment of Organizational Workforce

Forecasting

Successful HR Planning

Inputs to the Healthcare HR Strategic Plan

(2)

Healthcare Trends and HR Planning

(1)

Healthcare HR Management Challenges

(5)

Workforce Availability and Quality

Economic and Technological Change

Occupational Shifts

Diversity

Organizational Restructuring

Organizational Productivity in Healthcare

Case

(1)

End Notes

(2)

Legal Issues Affecting the Healthcare Workplace

(28)

Healthcare HR Insights

(1)

Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action

(7)

Affirmative Action

Reverse Discrimination

Major Employment Laws

Civil Rights Act of 1964

EEOC Compliance

Civil Rights Act of 1991

Affirmative Action Regulations

(3)

Executive Orders 11246, 11375, 11478

Affirmative Action Plans (AAPs)

Sexual Harassment and Gender Discrimination

(4)

Sexual Harassment

Pregnancy Discrimination

Equal Pay and Pay Equity

The Glass Ceiling

Age Discrimination

(1)

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

(1)

Other Bases of Discrimination

(1)

Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)

Religious Discrimination

Sexual Orientation

Veterans' Employment Rights

Military Employment Rights

Enforcement Agencies

(2)

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Office of Federal Contract Compliance (OFCCP)

State and Local Enforcement Agencies

Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures

(1)

``No-Disparate-Impact'' Approach

Job-Related Validation Approach

Elements of EEO Compliance

(4)

EEO Policy Statement

EEO Records

EEOC Investigation Process

Employer Responses to EEO Complaints

Ethics, Law, and HR Healthcare Management

(1)

Case

(1)

End Notes

(1)

Job Design and Analysis

(24)

Healthcare HR Insights

(1)

Accomplishing Strategic Objectives through Job Design

(2)

Productivity and Job Design

Work Analysis

Nature of Job Analysis

(1)

Task-Based Job Analysis

The Importance of Job Analysis in Healthcare Organizations

(3)

The Competency Approach to Healthcare Job Analysis

Continuum of HR Activities and Healthcare Competencies

Uses of Job Analysis

(4)

Job Families, Departments, and Organization Charts

Job Analysis and HR Activities

Job Analysis and Legal Issues

101

(1)

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Wage Hours Regulations and the Fair Labor Standards Act

Behavioral Aspects of Job Analysis

102

(1)

Job Analysis Methods

103

(1)

Observation

Interviews

Questionnaires

Computerized Job Analysis

The Job Analysis Process

104

(2)

Planning

Preparation and Communication

Conducting the Job Analysis

Developing and Maintaining Job Descriptions, Job Specifications, and Performance Standards

Job Description Components

106

(5)

Identification

General Summary

Essential Functions and Duties

Job Specifications

Performance Standards

Disclaimer and Approvals

Case

111

(1)

End Notes

111

(3)

Healthcare Recruitment and Selection

114

(28)

Healthcare HR Insights

115

(1)

Recruiting and Labor Markets

116

(1)

Planning and Strategic Decisions Regarding Recruiting

116

(4)

Internal versus External Recruiting

Flexible Staffing

Float Pools

Employee Leasing

Internal Recruiting

120

(1)

Job Posting and Bidding

Internal Recruiting Database

Promotion and Transfer

Current Employee Referrals

External Recruiting

121

(1)

Schools, Colleges, and Universities

Media Sources

Professional Associations

Employment Agencies

Executive Search Firms

Internet Recruiting

122

(4)

E-Recruiting Methods

Effective Online Job Postings

Advantages of Internet Recruiting

Disadvantages of Internet Recruiting

Other Sources for Healthcare Recruitment

126

(1)

Clinical Rotations

Preceptorships and Internships

Fellowships

Summer Employment, Shadowing, and Volunteer Pools

Recruiting Evaluation

127

(1)

Nature of Selection

127

(12)

Criteria, Predictors, and Job Performance

Legal Concerns

Selection Responsibilities

Reception and Job Preview/Interest Screening

Application Forms

Selection Testing

Selection Interviewing

Background Checking

Medical Examinations and Inquiries

Making the Job Offer

Relocation Assistance

Case

139

(1)

End Notes

139

(3)

Organizational Relations and Employee Retention in Healthcare

142

(26)

Healthcare HR Insights

143

(1)

Relationships

143

(3)

The Psychological Contract

Factors Affecting the Individual/Organizational Relationship

Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment

146

(1)

Retention of Human Resources

147

(12)

Importance of Retention

Why People Stay or Leave

Retention Determinants

Organizational Components

Organizational Career Opportunities

Rewards and Retention

Job Design Selection, and Retention

Organizational and Employee Relationships

Retention Management Process

159

(1)

Retention Measurement and Assessment

159

(4)

Retention Interventions

Evaluation and Follow-Up

Case

163

(1)

End Notes

164

(4)

Training and Development in Healthcare Organizations

168

(30)

Healthcare HR Insights

169

(1)

Nature of Training in Healthcare Organizations

170

(3)

Integration of Job Performance, Training, and Learning

Training as Performance Consulting

Integrating Training Responsibilities

Legal Issues and Training

173

(1)

Strategic Training

The Training Process

174

(4)

Assessment of Training Needs

Training Design

Types of Training Design

178

(9)

Orientation: Training for New Employees

Encourage Self-Development

Ongoing Training and Development

Delivery of Training

Internal Training

External Training

E-Learning: Training Online

Evaluation of Training

Developing Human Resources

187

(3)

Developing Specific Capabilities

Development Needs Analyses

Succession Planning

Choosing a Development Approach

190

(3)

Development Approaches: Job-Site Methods

Development Approaches: Off-Site Methods

Management Development

Mentoring

Special Issues in Healthcare Employee Develpment

193

(2)

Academic and Credential Requirements

HR Development and Organizational Restructuring

Case

195

(1)

End Notes

196

(2)

Performance Management in Healthcare Organizations

198

(20)

Healthcare HR Insights

199

(2)

Job Criteria

Performance Standards

Performance Appraisals

201

(4)

Administrative Uses

Development Uses

Informal versus Systematic Appraisal

Who Conducts Appraisals

205

(2)

Supervisory Rating of Subordinates

Employee Rating of Managers

Team/Peer Ratings

Self-Rating

Multi-Source Ratings

Methods of Appraising Performance

207

(2)

Category Methods

Comparative Methods

Narrative Methods

Behavioral/Objective Methods

Combination of Methods

Rater Errors

209

(2)

Recency

Central Tendency, Leniency, and Strictness Errors

Rater Bias

Halo Effect

Contrast Errors

Appraisal Feedback

211

(2)

Feedback Systems

Appraisal Interview

Reactions of Managers

Reactions of Employees

Effective Performance Management

213

(2)

Identifying Performance Problems

Meeting with the Employee

Agree Problem Exists

Developing a Performance-Improvement Plan

Monitoring Improvement

Case

215

(1)

End Notes

215

(3)

Employee Relations in the Healthcare Industry

218

(24)

Healthcare HR Insights

219

(1)

Nature of Employer-Employee Relations

219

(1)

Rights and Responsibilities

220

(3)

Statutory Rights

Contractual Rights

Implied Contracts

Employment Practices Liability Insurance

Employee Relations and Rights of Employees

223

(5)

Employment-at-Will

Wrongful Discharge and the Importance of Documentation

Just Cause

Constructive Discharge

Due Process

Resolving Employee Complaints

Balancing Employer Security and Employee Rights

228

(5)

Employee Records

Employees' Right to Free Speech

Honesty in the Workplace

Polygraph-and-Honesty Testing

Off-the-Job Behavior

Employee Substance Abuse and Employer Drug-Testing Policies

Human Resource Policies, Procedures, and Rules

233

(1)

Coordinating Policies and Procedures

Employee Handbook

Other Internal Communications

Employee Discipline

234

(3)

Reasons for Not Using Discipline

Training Managers

Employee Termination Decisions

Innovative Employee Relations Strategies

237

(2)

Employee Attitude Surveys

Employee Assistance Programs

Employer of Choice (EOC) Programs

Reward and Recognition

Standards of Behavior

Case

239

(1)

End Notes

239

(3)

Labor Relations and Healthcare Organizations

242

(22)

Healthcare HR Insights

243

(1)

Unions in the Healthcare Industry

244

(1)

Why Employees Unionize

Labor-Relations Philosophy

245

(1)

Adversarial Relationships

Collaborative Relationships

Legal Framework for Union-Management Relations

246

(2)

National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

NLRA and the Healthcare Industry

The Unionization Process in Healthcare

248

(6)

Organizing Compaign

Healthcare and Bargaining Units

Representation Elections

Certification---Decertification

Collective Bargaining

Collective Bargaining and the Negotiating Process

254

(5)

Contract Components

Negotiation Process

Planning for Strikes

Formalizing the Agreement

Contract Administration

259

(1)

Labor-Management Committees

Grievance Procedures

Effective Union-Management Relations in Healthcare Organizations

259

(1)

Case

260

(1)

End Notes

261

(3)

Healthcare Compensation Practices

264

(32)

Heathcare HR Insights

265

(1)

Healthcare Compensation Responsibilities

266

(1)

Nature of Compensation

266

(8)

Compensation Components

Healthcare Compensation Approaches

Compensation Philosophies

Decisions about Healthcare Compensation Levels

Compensation System Design Issues

Perceptions of Pay Fairness

Legal Constraints on Pay Systems

274

(5)

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)

Independent Contractor Regulations

Equal Pay and Pay Equity

State Laws

Garnishment Laws

Development of a Base Pay System

279

(8)

Job Evaluation

Legal Issues and Job Evaluation

Pay Surveys

Legal Issues and Pay Surveys

Different Pay Structures

Pay Ranges

Individual Pay

Rates Out of Range

Pay Compensation

Issues Involving Pay Increases

287

(3)

Pay Adjustment Matrix

Seniority

Cost-of-Living Adjustments (COLA)

Lump-Sum Increases (LSI)

Executive Compensation

290

(3)

Executive Salaries

Executive Bonus Plans

Performance Incentives: Long-Term versus Short-Term

Benefits for Executives

Executive Perquisites

Current Nature of Healthcare Executive Compensation

Determining ``Reasonableness'' of Executive Compensation

Case

293

(1)

End Notes

293

(3)

The Management of Benefits and Variable Pay in Healthcare

296

(28)

Healthcare HR Insights

297

(1)

Strategic Perspectives on Benefits

298

(2)

Goals for Benefits

Benefits Needs Analysis

Funding Benefits

Types of Benefits

300

(2)

Government-Mandated Benefits

Voluntary Benefits

Temporary and Part-Time Employee Benefits

Security Benefits

302

(1)

Workers' Compensation

Unemployment Compensation

Severance Pay

Retirement Security Benefits

303

(3)

Retirement Benefits and Age Discrimination

Social Security

Pension Plans

Pension Terms and Concepts

Individual Retirement Options

Healthcare Benefits

306

(3)

Controlling Healthcare Benefits Costs

Managed Care

Healthcare Legislation

Financial, Insurance, and Other Benefits

309

(6)

Financial Benefits

Insurance Benefits

Educational Benefits

Social and Recreational Benefits

Family-Oriented Benefits

Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)

Family-Care Benefits

Benefits for Domestic Partners and Spousal Equivalents

Time-Off Benefits

Benefits Administration

315

(1)

Benefits Communication

Flexible Benefits

Benefits in the Future

Variable Pay: Incentives for Performance

316

(5)

Types of Variable Pay

Effective Variable Pay Plans

Individual Incentives

Group/Team-Based Variable Pay

Organizational Incentives

Case

321

(1)

End Notes

322

(2)

Safety, Health, and Security in Healthcare Organizations

324

(31)

Healthcare HR Insights

325

(1)

Nature of Safety, Health, and Security

326

(1)

Safety, Health, and Security Responsibilities

The Joint Commission and Safety, Health, and Security

327

(1)

Surveillance, Prevention, and Control of Infection (IC)

Legal Requirements for Safety and Health

328

(2)

Workers' Compensation

Americans with Disabilities Act and Safety

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)

330

(8)

OSHA Enforcement Standards

Ergonomics and OSHA

Work Assignments and OSHA

Record-Keeping Requirements

OSHA Inspections

Safety Management

338

(4)

Organizational Commitment and Safety Culture

Safety and Engineering

Individual Considerations and Safety

Safety Policies and Discipline

Safety Committees

Safety Training and Communications

Employee Safety Motivation and Incentives

Inspection, Accident Investigation, and Evaluation

Health

342

(6)

Healthcare Workplace Health Issues

Health Promotion

Security

348

(3)

Workplace Violence

Security Management

Employee Screening and Selection

Security Personnel

Case

351

(1)

End Notes

351

(4)

Glossary

355

(10)

Index

365

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Healthcare Human Resource Management

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials