The History of the Telescope
, by King, Henry C.
- ISBN: 9780486432656 | 0486432653
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 11/2/2011
This remarkable history encompasses not only the achievements of the early inventors and astronomers but also the less frequently recounted stories of the instrument makers and of the actual instruments. A model of unsurpassed, comprehensive scholarship, this volume covers many fields, including professional and amateur astronomy. 196 black-and-white illustrations.
| p. 1 | |
| The beginnings of astronomical observation | |
| Ionian and Pythagorean cosmology | |
| Plato and Aristotle | |
| Results achieved by the Alexandrian School and the instruments used | |
| Arabian instruments | |
| Transition of scientific knowledge into Western Europe | |
| The Copernican system | |
| Instruments and observational work of Tycho Brahe | |
| p. 25 | |
| Early references to lenses and to optics--Alhazen and Vitello | |
| Bacon's references to magnifying glasses | |
| The invention of spectacles | |
| Leonard Digges and vision through lenses; his use of lens-mirror systems | |
| Bourne's remarks on lenses | |
| The manufacture of the first refracting telescope by Lippershey | |
| The claims of Metius and Jansen | |
| p. 34 | |
| The application of the telescope to astronomy by Galileo | |
| His visit to Rome and the naming of the telescope | |
| His sunspot observations and Harriot's similar work between 1609-1613 | |
| Early methods of observing sunspots | |
| The publication of Il Saggiatore and the Dialogues | |
| Galileo's trial and recantation | |
| Scheiner's 'helioscope' | |
| Remarks on three of Galileo's telescopes | |
| Kepler's contribution to optics | |
| p. 48 | |
| Descartes' failure to improve the telescope | |
| Reasons for making refractors of long focal length | |
| Account of the long refractors constructed by Hevelius and Huygens | |
| Huygens' aerial telescope and compound negative eyepiece | |
| Seventeenth-century methods of lens making | |
| Cassini's observations at Paris | |
| Attempts in London to improve the telescope | |
| Trials with Huygens' 123-foot telescope | |
| The work of Campani and Divini | |
| p. 67 | |
| Newton's dispersion investigations | |
| The invention of the Gregorian, Newtonian, and Cassegrain systems | |
| Description of Newton's instruments and methods | |
| Hadley's 6-inch Newtonian--his method of grinding and testing specula | |
| Hadley's octant | |
| The marketing of Gregorians by Short--some account of his instruments | |
| Mirror construction as practised by Mudge and Edwards | |
| p. 93 | |
| Gascoigne and Picard use telescopic sights | |
| Gascoigne's invention of the eyepiece micrometer and its development by Auzout and Hooke | |
| The application of telescopic sights to mural quadrants and Romer's invention of the transit instrument | |
| The development of the quadrant by Langlois, Sharp, and Graham | |
| Graham's zenith sectors | |
| Instruments made by Sisson and Bird | |
| p. 120 | |
| The telescopes used by Herschel at Bath | |
| His work at Datchet with 20-foot reflectors | |
| Construction of the 40-foot Slough reflector--observations made with it | |
| Various small telescopes made by Herschel | |
| Schroter's work at Lilienthal | |
| Space-penetrating power, magnification, and mirror performance | |
| The discovery of infra-red radiation | |
| p. 144 | |
| Hall's invention of the achromatic lens | |
| The marketing of achromatic telescopes by J. Dollond | |
| His divided object-glass micrometer | |
| Trouble over P. Dollond's patent | |
| The researches of Euler, Klingenstierna, Clairaut, and d'Alembert in achromatism | |
| P. Dollond's triple achromatics | |
| Ramsden's Shuckburgh equatorial | |
| His dividing engines, micrometers, and positive compound eyepiece | |
| Ramsden's theodolite and vertical circles | |
| p. 176 | |
| Guinand's contributions to flint-glass manufacture | |
| Glassmaking at Benediktbeuern | |
| Fraunhofer's object-glasses | |
| The Dorpat and other Fraunhofer telescopes | |
| Fraunhofer's pioneer experiments in physical optics | |
| Fluid lenses as constructed by Blair and Barlow | |
| The optical work of Tulley | |
| Early nineteenth-century reflectors | |
| J. Herschel's expedition to the Cape of Good Hope | |
| p. 206 | |
| Rosse's experiments with compound specula | |
| The performance of his 3-foot reflector | |
| Description of the 6-foot Rosse reflector--its performance and the reasons for its failure | |
| Nasmyth's specula and 20-inch altazimuth reflector | |
| Lassell's equatorial reflectors--the 48-inch reflector at Malta | |
| De la Rue pioneers in solar and lunar photography | |
| The Kew photoheliograph | |
| Pritchard's photographic work at Oxford | |
| p. 229 | |
| Cassini IV's troubles at the Paris Observatory with French instrument-workers | |
| Ramsden's delay in sending Cassini's instruments | |
| J. and E. Troughton set up in business--their dividing engines | |
| Instruments made by E. Troughton and W. Simms | |
| Airy's altazimuth and transit circle at Greenwich | |
| Heliometers made by the Repsolds | |
| Gambey, Gautier, and Secretan | |
| p. 246 | |
| The first American observatories | |
| The Cincinnati and Harvard refractors | |
| Early photography by the Bonds at Harvard | |
| Merz object-glasses | |
| Cooke and the Newall telescope | |
| The Buckingham and Craig telescopes | |
| Early work of A. Clark and his construction of the 26-inch Washington telescope | |
| p. 261 | |
| Liebig's silvering process | |
| Silver-on-glass reflectors by Steinheil and Foucault | |
| Grubb's Melbourne telescope | |
| H. Draper's success with silver-on-glass mirrors | |
| Brashear's silvering process | |
| With's mirrors and their performance | |
| Dawes and resolving power | |
| Calver's work for Common and the latter's use of long exposures in photography | |
| The siderostat and coelostat | |
| p. 282 | |
| Early history of spectrum analysis | |
| Methods adopted in astronomical spectroscopy | |
| Huggins pioneers in astrophysics | |
| Prominence spectroscopes | |
| The work of Rutherfurd in astronomical photography and of H. Draper and Huggins in spectrography | |
| Instruments used by E. C. Pickering in his spectrographic and photometric surveys at Harvard | |
| H. Grubb's photographic telescopes | |
| Developments in short-focus photography | |
| p. 306 | |
| Visual, photographic, and photovisual refractors of the late nineteenth century | |
| Large visual refractors made by A. Clark and Sons, Henry-Gautier, and H. Grubb | |
| The early work of Warner and Swasey | |
| The Lick Observatory and 36-inch Lick refractor | |
| Keeler and the Crossley reflector | |
| The 40-inch Yerkes refractor | |
| p. 320 | |
| Hale's invention of the spectroheliograph | |
| His early work with this instrument at Kenwood and Yerkes | |
| Events leading to the foundation of the Mount Wilson Solar Observatory | |
| Solar research with the Snow telescope | |
| Construction and performance of the 60-inch reflector | |
| The 100-inch Hooker reflector | |
| Interferometer measurements of stellar diameters | |
| 65-foot and 150-foot vertical solar telescopes at Mount Wilson | |
| The spectrohelioscope | |
| p. 346 | |
| The Zeiss foundation--interesting Zeiss telescopes | |
| Brashear's 30-inch Thaw photographic refractor | |
| The 72-inch Victoria reflector | |
| Ritchey's work with aplanatic reflectors | |
| The invention of the Schmidt system and its rapid development | |
| Important Schmidt-type telescopes | |
| Lyot's early work with the coronagraph | |
| Tower telescopes at the McMath-Hulbert Observatory | |
| The coating of optical surfaces | |
| p. 387 | |
| The 74-inch Toronto reflector and smaller Grubb-Parsons telescopes | |
| The 74-inch Pretoria telescope | |
| The transit circle for the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, by Cooke, Troughton and Simms | |
| Large McDowell and Fecker telescopes | |
| The 82-inch McDonald reflector | |
| Design, construction, and erection of the Palomar Mountain Observatory and 200-inch Hale telescope | |
| p. 417 | |
| Large telescopes built by amateurs | |
| Metcalf's photographic lenses | |
| Work for the amateur | |
| Telescopes designed by Porter | |
| Fixed-eyepiece and coude telescopes | |
| Gautier's 49-inch Paris horizontal refractor | |
| Plans for the 98-inch Isaac Newton telescope at Herstmonceux | |
| The 120-inch Lick reflector | |
| Results achieved with radio telescopes | |
| Electronic devices--the coronaviser | |
| The atmospheric barrier | |
| Index | p. 445 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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