The Holocaust A Reader

This interdisciplinary collection of primary and secondary readings encourages scholars and students to engage critically with current debates about the origins, implementation and postwar interpretation of the Holocaust. Interdisciplinary content encourages students to engage with philosophical, political, cultural and literary debate as well as historiographical issues. Integrates oral histories and testimonies from both victims and perpetrators, including Jewish council leaders, victims of ghettos and camps, SS officials and German soldiers. Subsections can be used as the basis for oral or written exercises. Whole articles or substantial extracts are included wherever possible.

Simone Gigliotti is a lecturer in the History Program at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, and a Fellow in the Department of History at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Previously, she taught at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, and was a visiting scholar at the Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, US Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington DC.

Berel Lang is Professor of Humanities at Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut. His many books include The Future of the Holocaust: Between History and Memory (1999) and Act and Idea in the Nazi Genocide (1990). His forthcoming book is Post-Holocaust: Interpretation, Misinterpretation, and the Claims of History.

List of Maps

viii

Acknowledgments

ix

Chronology

xiii

Glossary

xix

Introduction

1

(8)

Simone Gigliotti

Berel Lang

Part I Preconditions: Nazism and the Turn from Anti-Judaism to Antisemitism

9

(76)

Introduction

11

(6)

Anti-Semites

17

(27)

Bernard Lewis

From Weimar to Hitler

44

(24)

Robert S. Wistrich

Nation and Race

68

(14)

Adolf Hitler

Nuremberg Law for the Protection of the German Blood and of the German Honour of 15 September 1935

82

(3)

Part II A Racial Europe: Nazi Population and Resettlement Policy

85

(86)

Introduction

87

(5)

The Setting

92

(32)

Henry Friedlander

Ghetto Formation

124

(19)

Raul Hilberg

From ``Ethnic Cleansing'' to Genocide to the ``Final Solution'': The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, 1939--1941

143

(24)

Christopher R. Browning

Some Thoughts on the Treatment of the Alien Population in the East

167

(4)

Heinrich Himmler

Part III War and the Turn to Genocide

171

(62)

Introduction

173

(4)

The ``Commissar Decree,'' June 6, 1941

177

(4)

Affidavit of SS Gruppenfuhrer Otto Ohlendorf

181

(3)

Operation Barbarossa as a War of Conquest and Annihilation

184

(14)

Jurgen Forster

From Mass Murder to the ``Final Solution'': The Shooting of Jewish Civilians during the First Months of the Eastern Campaign within the Context of the Nazi Jewish Genocide

198

(22)

Peter Longerich

Savage War: German Warfare and Moral Choices in World War II

220

(13)

Omer Bartov

Part IV Whose ``Final Solution''? Revisiting Intentionalism and Functionalism

233

(74)

Introduction

235

(4)

Hitler's Reichstag Speech, January 30, 1939

239

(4)

Adolf Hitler

Minutes of the Wannsee Conference, January 20, 1942

243

(9)

Intentions and the ``Final Solution''

252

(12)

Berel Lang

A Controversy about the Historicization of National Socialism

264

(37)

Martin Broszat

Saul Friedlander

Justice Jackson's Report to the President on Atrocities and War Crimes, June 7, 1945

301

(6)

Robert H. Jackson

Part V Response and Testimony: At the Center of the Whirlwind

307

(80)

Introduction

309

(4)

Inside the Ghetto

313

(20)

Emmanuel Ringelblum

Notebook H

333

(15)

Oskar Rosenfeld

The Second Winter: October 29, 1942--March 18, 1943

348

(28)

Herman Kruk

Letters from Westerbork

376

(11)

Etty Hillesum

Part VI Genocide and the Holocaust

387

(61)

Introduction

389

(4)

United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, December 9, 1948

393

(5)

Defining Genocide as a Sociological Concept

398

(22)

Helen Fein

Is the Holocaust Simply Another Example of Genocide?

420

(28)

Mark Levene

Conceptual Blockages and Definitional Dilemmas in the ``Racial Century'': Genocides of Indigenous Peoples and the Holocaust

448

A. Dirk Moses

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The Holocaust A Reader

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials