How the Music Business Works

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ISBN: 9780965234115 | 0965234118
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 1/1/2002

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Summary

Supplemental Materials

The nuts and bolts of how the business of music is conducted is explained here. The author discusses such topics as revenue streams, copyrights and recording sessions. (Music)

The Business of Music

Introduction

(1)

Creative and Business Systems

(1)

Cast of Characters

(3)

Songwriters

(1)

Music Publishers

(1)

Recording Artists

(1)

Singers/BGV's

(1)

Musicians

(1)

Record Producers

(1)

Audio Engineers

(1)

Merge Technology Engineers

(1)

Additional Creative Team Members

(1)

Supporting Business Systems

(5)

Record Labels

(1)

Recording Studios

(1)

Promotion

(1)

Publicity

(1)

Artist Managers

(1)

Talent Agents (Booking Agents)

(1)

Concert Promoters

(1)

Additional Business Contributors

(1)

Consumers

(1)

The Process

(1)

Industry Evolution

(2)

Change in Business Structure

(1)

Licensing Music and Entertainment product Usage

(1)

The New Music Business

(1)

Revenue Streams

(8)

1. Songwriting/Music Publishing Revenue Stream (Intellectual Properties, Copyrights & Music Publishing)

2. The Recording Studio Revenue Stream (Musicians, Singers, and the Studio Business)

3. Record Label Revenue Stream (Mega Entertainment Organizations & Record Labels)

4. Artist Management/Personal Appearance/Touring Revenue Stream (Shameless Self-Promotion, Publicity Concert Business, Merchandise)

Centers of Creativity

(1)

Attitude

(1)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Footnotes

(4)

Intellectual Property Rights

(1)

Copyrights

(1)

Size of the Copyright Industry

(1)

Historical Perspective

(1)

Statute of Anne

(1)

United States Constitution

(1)

Public Domain

(1)

The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992

(1)

The Copyright Royalty Tribunal Reform Act of 1993

(1)

The Digital Performance Right in Sound Recording Act of 1995

(1)

The Fairness in Music Licensing and The Sonny Bono Copyright Acts of 1998

(1)

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998

(1)

The No Electronic Theft Law (NET ACT)

(1)

International Agreements

(2)

BAC

(1)

UCC Geneva

(1)

Geneva Phonograms Convention

(1)

UCC Paris

(1)

SAT

(1)

The Berne Convention

(1)

WTO

(1)

The WIPO Copyright Treaty

(1)

(2)

Uncopyrightability

(1)

A Work for Hire

(1)

Authorship

(1)

Phonorecords

(1)

What Can Be Protected By Copyrights

(1)

Fixation Process

(1)

Exclusive Rights

(2)

Fair Use Rights

(1)

MP3.com, Napster.com, and other Digital Sharing Programs

(1)

Compulsory License

(1)

Publication

(1)

Registration

(1)

Certificate of Registration

(1)

Differences between the PA and SR Forms

(1)

Corrections and Amplifications

(1)

Other Forms

(1)

Deposit of Copies

(1)

Mailing Address

(1)

Collective Works

(1)

Collaboration

(1)

Co-songwriting

(1)

Musical Arrangements

(1)

Sampling

(1)

Termination (Recapturing) of Assigned Copyrights

(1)

Street Realities

(1)

Key Definitions

(4)

Summary

(1)

Chapter Footnotes

(4)

Music Publishing - The Song Business

Historical Perspective

(1)

Tin Pan Alley

(2)

Music

(1)

Music and Intelligence

(1)

Music and Emotions

(1)

Lifestyle Analysis

(1)

Professional Songwriters

(1)

Commercial Songwriting

(1)

Pitching Songs to Music Publishers

(2)

What to ``Look For'' in a Music Publisher

(1)

What Publishers ``Look For'' in Songwriters

(1)

Types of Music Publishers

(1)

Departments

(1)

Transfer of Copyrights & Assignment of Exclusive Rights

(1)

Splits

(1)

Types of Deals

(3)

Single Song Contracts

(1)

Certificate of Recordation

(1)

Business Equity and Value

(1)

Rolling the Dice

(1)

Reassignment Process

(1)

Artist Line

(1)

Professional Songwriting Organizations

(1)

The Songwriter Guild of America

(1)

The National Academy of Songwriters

(1)

The Nashville Songwriters Association International

(1)

Exploiting Copyrights

(1)

Mechanicals and the Statutory Rate

(1)

Indirect Royalty ``Splits''

(1)

Reserves

(1)

Controlled Composition Clause

(2)

Foreign Mechanical Royalties

(1)

Right of ``First Use''

(1)

Music Publishers' Mechanical Organizations

(1)

American Mechanical Rights Association (AMRA)

(1)

The National Music Publishers Association & The Harry Fox Agency, Inc.

(1)

Cover Tune Mechanicals

(1)

Public Performance

(1)

Performance License

(1)

Performance Rights Organizations

(1)

Historical Perspectives

(1)

Affiliation

(1)

Performance Rights Membership

(1)

Blanket License

(1)

The Fairness in Music Licensing Act

(1)

Blanket License Fees

(1)

Direct Payment Scheme

(1)

Collection Procedures

(1)

In The Pipeline

100

(1)

Payment Methodology

100

(1)

Payment Rates and Schedules

101

(1)

ASCAP-American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers

101

(1)

BMI-Broadcast Music, Incorporated

102

(1)

SESAC

102

(1)

The Congress of International Societies of Authors and Composers

102

(1)

Additional Information About PRO's

102

(1)

PRO's Do Not

102

(1)

Synchronization, Print, Direct, and Other Licenses

102

(1)

Key Songwriter Creative Publishing Terms

103

(1)

Key Music Publishing Terms

103

(2)

Music Publishing Contracts and Publishing Terms

105

(3)

Summary

108

(1)

Chapter Footnotes

109

(3)

The Studio Business

112

(1)

The Recording Team

112

(1)

Recording Artist

112

(2)

Demo Singer / BGV's

114

(1)

Musicians

115

(1)

Recording/Session Producer

115

(1)

Audio Engineers

116

(2)

Unions

118

(1)

SAG/AFTRA

118

(1)

AF of M

119

(2)

Scheduling Sessions

121

(1)

The AF of M Special Payment Funds

121

(1)

Additional Industry Unions, Guilds & Professional Organizations

121

(1)

Non-Union Recording Sessions

122

(1)

Types of Recording Studios

123

(1)

Key Studio Terms & Equipment

123

(4)

Acoustics:

123

(1)

Rooms:

124

(3)

Microphone Pickup Patterns

127

(1)

Microphone Guidelines

127

(1)

SPARS (The Society of Professional Audio Recording Services)

128

(1)

Creative/Business Milieu

129

(1)

Stages of a Recording Session

129

(1)

Pre-production

129

(1)

Basic Tracks:''

129

(1)

Overdubbing:

130

(1)

Mixdown:

131

(1)

MIDI/Computer Recordings

132

(1)

Mastering

133

(1)

MPEG & Winamp

134

(1)

Liquid Audio

134

(1)

NAMM International Music Products Association

134

(1)

NARM The National Association of Recording Merchandisers

135

(1)

Recording Budgets

135

(1)

Recording Studio Rental

135

(1)

Album Budgets

136

(1)

Label Recording Artists and Studio Vocalists (AFTRA Scale)

136

(1)

Audio Engineer's Scale

137

(1)

Record Producer's Scale

137

(1)

Recording a Demo

138

(1)

Key Terms and Definitions

139

(3)

Summary

142

(2)

Chapter Footnotes

144

(1)

Record Labels - Selling The Product

Record Labels

145

(1)

Historical Perspectives

145

(3)

Mega-Entertainment Corporations

148

(1)

Bertelsmann's AG (BMG)

149

(1)

Vivendi Universal

150

(3)

Sony

153

(1)

AOL-Time Warner

154

(2)

EMI Group

156

(2)

DreamWorks SKG

158

(1)

Divisions

158

(1)

Major Labels

159

(1)

Affiliate Labels

160

(1)

Independent Labels

160

(1)

Virtual Reality/Internet Labels

161

(1)

Departments

161

(1)

Executive Administration

161

(1)

Legal

162

(1)

Personel / Payroll

163

(1)

A & R

163

(1)

Music Publishing

164

(1)

Development

165

(1)

Marketing

166

(2)

International Divisions

168

(1)

Types of Deals

169

(2)

Signing Bonuses

171

(1)

Royalty Points

171

(1)

Recoupment

172

(1)

Packaging Charges & Discounts

173

(1)

Financials

174

(1)

Right to Work Clause on Albums

174

(1)

Key Label/Artist Negotiation Points

175

(5)

Manufacturing Platforms

180

(1)

Product Platforms

181

(2)

Pricing Strategies

183

(1)

Types of Distribution

183

(1)

One-Stops

184

(1)

Direct Mass Merchandisers

184

(1)

Rack Jobbers

185

(1)

Record Clubs

186

(1)

Television Outlets

186

(1)

Internet/Interactive Outlets

187

(2)

MP3.com

189

(1)

Peer to Peer Marketing

190

(1)

Financial Advantage of Internet Downloads

190

(1)

Other Types of Retail

190

(1)

Product Return Rates

191

(1)

Free Goods

191

(1)

Piracy

192

(1)

MAP policy

193

(1)

Promotion

193

(1)

Radio station airplay

194

(1)

Radio Station Formats

194

(2)

Crossovers

196

(1)

Payola

196

(1)

Street Promotion

196

(1)

Radio Promotion Budget

197

(1)

Internet Radio

197

(1)

Trades

198

(1)

Billboard Magazine

198

(1)

Top 40 Airplay Monitor

199

(1)

Country Airplay Monitor

199

(1)

R&B Aiplay Monitor

199

(1)

Rock Airplay Monitor

199

(1)

Gavin Report

199

(1)

Radio & Records

200

(1)

Music & Media

200

(1)

Trade Magazine Expenditures

200

(1)

I Want My MTV

200

(1)

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How the Music Business Works

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials