I. Q. Calibration Techniques for C. M. O. S. Radio Transceivers

The 802.11n wireless standard uses 64-state quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) to achieve higher spectral efficiency. Consequently, the transmitter and receiver require a higher signal to noise ratio with the same level of error rate performance. This book offers a fully-analog compensation technique without baseband circuitry to control the calibration process. Using an 802.11g transceiver design as an example, it describes in detail an auto-calibration mechanism for I/Q gains and phases imbalance.